Dynamic procedures for eyelid involvement in facial nerve palsy.

Dynamic reconstructive techniques of the eyelid in facial nerve palsy aim to restore or replace spontaneous and voluntary movement. These may include transfer and graft techniques of nerve and muscle. The role of these procedures from an ophthalmic and oculoplastic perspective is yet to be established.

Gut commensals-derived succinate impels colonic inflammation in ulcerative colitis.

Gut microbiota-derived metabolites play a crucial role in modulating the inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we identify gut microbiota-derived succinate as a driver of inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC) by activating succinate-responsive, colitogenic helper T (Th) cells that secrete interleukin (IL)-9. We demonstrate that colitis is associated with an increase in succinate-producing gut bacteria and decrease in succinate-metabolizing gut bacteria.

Refinements in cervical-to-marginal mandibular nerve transfers for late and chronic facial palsy cases: A pilot study.

Marginal mandibular nerve palsy is among the most common facial nerve iatrogenic injuries and has significant functional and aesthetic consequences. In a case series of four patients (n = 4) with iatrogenic and acquired marginal mandibular nerve injuries, we performed a cervical branch facial nerve (VII) fascicular transfer to the marginal mandibular nerve (VII) for late and chronic facial palsies. Pre-and post-op videos were then analysed to determine the return lower lip depression, using the Terzis lower lip score and smile index was used for objective assessment.

Optimising Initial Pain Management and its Influence on Compliance and Treatment Abandonment in Newly Diagnosed Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients: A Real-world Experience.

Objectives: Improper pain management is a significant contributing factor and a potential correctable factor for low cure rates of head-and-neck cancer (HNC) patients. This study aims to assess the significance of the Quantitative Improvement Programme (QIP) in evaluating pain levels and its correlation with treatment compliance in recently diagnosed HNC patients undergoing curative treatment at a surgical oncology outpatient department (OPD). The study was conducted from January 2022 to August 2023 at a tertiary cancer care centre in Northeast India.

Efficient Plant Growth-Promoting (PGP) Native -Formulated Consortia Mode and Assessed Shelf Life Using Low-Cost Dynamic Media.

Various isolates were collected from the microbial germplasm, including KAC3 (PP550146), KAC4 (PP177363), KAC6 (PP177364), KAC8 (PP177365), KAC10 (PP177366), KAC11(PP177366), and KAC12 (PP177389). Three consortia formulations were then selected based on their compatibility with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) properties under laboratory conditions: C consortium (KAC3, KAC10 and KAC11), C (KAC4, KAC8 and KAC10), and C (KAC11 and KAC12). In this study, we explored the use of locally available, cost-effective carrier materials, such as wood ash (NPK ratio: 1.

A Comparative Study of Platysmal Myoneurectomy With Variations of Selective Neurectomies in Post-Facial Palsy Synkinesis.

Synkinesis is a distressing sequela of facial palsy. The main treatment for this condition has been Botulinum toxin injections. However, more recently, selective neurolysis/neurectomies have shown promise, with some variations in practice evolving over time.

Epigenetic Modulation Directs Recovery Post LASIK and SMILE Surgery: An Experimental Study.

Purpose: refractive surgery, such as LASIK and SMILE, induces a wound healing response that leads to significant corneal stromal remodeling. We have shown that the protein profile in the stroma changes dramatically immediately post-surgery. However, the methylation status of the DNA post-refractive surgery remains unknown.

Untargeted Tear Proteomics in a Large South-Asian Cohort Reveals Inflammatory Signaling, ECM Remodeling, and Altered Metabolism in Keratoconus.

Purpose: Keratoconus (KC), a progressive corneal degenerative disease, is characterized by focal thinning and weakening, and the molecular pathways driving such changes are still being discovered. The progression-related pathologic molecular factors have not been identified in genetic studies from KC, and stage-specific molecular changes remain unknown in prior protein studies. We address this challenge through untargeted mass spectrometry analysis in a large KC cohort.

Microbial functional guilds respond cohesively to rapidly fluctuating environments.

Microbial communities experience environmental fluctuations across timescales from rapid changes in moisture, temperature, or light levels to long-term seasonal or climactic variations. Understanding how microbial populations respond to these changes is critical for predicting the impact of perturbations, interventions, and climate change on communities. Since communities typically harbor tens to hundreds of distinct taxa, the response of microbial abundances to perturbations is potentially complex.

Assessment of beach litter, including Abandoned, Lost, or Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG), along the coast of Tamil Nadu, India: Magnitude, sources, composition, pollution status, and management strategies.

Coastal environment provides economic, recreational, and aesthetic benefits, serving as a habitat for diverse species. This study assessed beach litter across 52 coastal villages in 13 districts of Tamil Nadu, India, examining its magnitude, sources, composition, and pollution status. The average litter density was 1.

Synergistic Inhibition of Drug Resistant KRAS Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Co-Targeting AXL and SRC.

Background/objectives: KRAS-mutated NSCLC has been targeted using monoclonal antibody (mAb) or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies. However, in time, these mutations appear to develop resistance against the targeted antibodies and TKI treatments. One possible explanation is the activation of pro apoptotic pathways through the AXL-SRC-Akt axis.

Development of Mobile Application Based System for Improving Population Based Cancer Screening by Community Health Workers.

Objective: Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with India experiencing a significant cancer burden. Effective population-based cancer screening is crucial for early detection and reduction of cancer-related deaths. This study aims to develop a mobile application-based Cancer Screening and Surveillance System (CSMS) to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of population-based cancer screening by community health workers (CHWs).

Distinct Ocular Surface Microbiome in Keratoconus Patients Correlate With Local Immune Dysregulation.

Purpose: Keratoconus (KC) is characterized by irregular astigmatism along with corneal stromal weakness and is associated with altered immune status. Tissue resident microbiomes are known to influence the immune status in other organs, but such a nexus has not been described in ocular conditions. Therefore, we examined the ocular surface microbiome of patients with KC and correlated it to the immune cell and tear molecular factor profiles.

Ambivalent partnership of the Drosophila posterior class Hox protein Abdominal-B with Extradenticle and Homothorax.

Hox proteins, a sub-group of the homeodomain (HD) transcription factor family, provide positional information for axial patterning in development and evolution. Hox protein functional specificity is reached, at least in part, through interactions with Pbc (Extradenticle (Exd) in Drosophila) and Meis/Prep (Homothorax (Hth) in Drosophila) proteins. Most of our current knowledge of Hox protein specificity stems from the study of anterior and central Hox proteins, identifying the molecular and structural bases for Hox/Pbc/Meis-Prep cooperative action.

Effectiveness of Inhalational Tranexamic Acid in Patients with Nonmassive Hemoptysis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Hemoptysis, the expectoration of blood from the lower respiratory tract, varies in severity and necessitates effective management to mitigate morbidity. Traditional treatments include bronchial artery embolization and pharmacological approaches. Tranexamic acid (TXA), an antifibrinolytic agent known for its efficacy in reducing bleeding during surgery and trauma, is being explored for its efficacy in treating Hemoptysis via both intravenous and inhalational routes.

Enhanced grinding process of a cement ball mill through a generalised predictive controller integrated with a CARIMA model.

Cement ball mills in the finishing stage of the cement industries consume the highest energy in the cement manufacturing stage. Therefore, suitable controllers that result in good productivity and product quality with reduced energy consumption are required for the cement ball mill grinding process to increase the profit margins. In this study, generalised predictive controllers (GPC)have been designed for the cement ball mill grinding operation using the model obtained from the step response data taken from the industrially recognized simulator.

CCL2/CCR2 Signalling in Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cell Recruitment and Fracture Healing in Mice.

Macrophage efferocytosis (clearance of apoptotic cells) is crucial for tissue homeostasis and wound repair, where macrophages secrete factors that promote resolution of inflammation and regenerative signalling. This study examined the role of efferocytic macrophage-associated CCL2 secretion, its influence on mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell (MSPC) chemotaxis, and in vivo cell recruitment using Ccr2 (KO) mice with disrupted CCL2 receptor signalling in two regenerative models: ossicle implants and ulnar stress fractures. Single cell RNA sequencing and PCR validation indicated that efferocytosis of various apoptotic cells at bone injury sites (osteoblasts, pre-osteoblasts, MSPC) upregulated CCL2.

Neoteric Predictors for Lymph Node Metastasis in Early Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Tumor Budding and Worst Pattern of Invasion.

Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers seen in the Indian subcontinent. Its primary treatment is surgery with or without adjuvant treatment. Despite advances in science, prognosis and overall survival has not yet chanced over the past two decades.

Gelatin and lipidoid integrate to create to enhance siRNA delivery with low toxicity.

RNAi therapeutics possess the potential to cure many uncurable human diseases. For instance, RNAi therapeutics using liposomes showed remarkable survival benefits in patients with liver diseases. However, the extension of liposomes to deliver RNA to cure other ailments has largely been unsuccessful.

Nanofibrous 3D scaffolds capable of individually controlled BMP and FGF release for the regulation of bone regeneration.

The current clinical applications of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are limited to only a few specific indications. Locally controlled delivery of combinations of growth factors can be a promising strategy to improve BMP-based bone repair. However, the success of this approach requires the development of an effective release system and the correct choice of growth factors capable of enhancing BMP activity.

Genome sequencing of and its comparative analysis with malacostracan crustaceans.

Unlabelled: The is commonly found in the brackish waters of the southwestern coastal regions of India. This study provides a comprehensive genomic investigation of the shrimp species , offering insights into its genetic makeup, evolutionary dynamics, and functional annotations. The genomic DNA was isolated from tissue samples, sequenced using next-generation sequencing (NGS), and stored in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database (Accession No: PRJNA847710).

Regioisomers containing triarylboron-based motifs as multi-functional photoluminescent materials: from dual-mode delayed emission to pH-switchable room-temperature phosphorescence.

Triarylboron compounds have been established as promising candidates in optoelectronic applications. However, realizing multi-functional properties in triaryl boron-based materials remains challenging. Herein, we present two regioisomers, 1 and 2, designed judiciously by connecting a dimethylamino donor and a dimesitylboryl acceptor at 1,4 and 2,6-positions of the naphthalene spacer, respectively.

O,S-Chelated bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron and diphenylboron-β-thioketonates: synthesis, photophysical, electrochemical and NLO properties.

Boron-β-diketonates are classical emissive materials that have been utilized in various fields, however, boron monothio-β-thioketonates, where one oxygen atom is exchanged for a sulphur atom, have not been explored in detail. To gain a better understanding of this class of materials, we synthesised various aryl substituted monothio-β-diketonate boron complexes with two different aryl substitutions on the boron center and studied their structural, optical and electrochemical properties. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed that there is considerable deviation in B-O and B-S bond lengths for bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron complexes against diphenyl boron complexes.