Effects of Capsinoid Intake on Brown Adipose Tissue Vascular Density and Resting Energy Expenditure in Healthy, Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Capsinoids are some of the most promising ingredients to increase energy expenditure (EE) due to brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation. However, there is limited information regarding the effect of prolonged capsinoid ingestion (CI) on BAT activity and resting EE (REE) in healthy, middle-aged, normal to overweight subjects (Sub) with distinct BAT characteristics. We examined the changes in BAT density (BAT-d), using near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy, and REE/kg induced by daily CI.

Structure-activity relationship study, target identification, and pharmacological characterization of a small molecular IL-12/23 inhibitor, APY0201.

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 are proinflammatory cytokines and therapeutic targets for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. We describe the discovery of APY0201, a unique small molecular IL-12/23 production inhibitor, from activated macrophages and monocytes, and demonstrate ameliorated inflammation in an experimental model of colitis. Through a chemical proteomics approach using a highly sensitive direct nanoflow LC-MS/MS system and bait compounds equipped with the FLAG epitope associated regulator of PIKfyve (ArPIKfyve) was detected.

Effects of safflower seed extract supplementation on oxidation and cardiovascular risk markers in healthy human volunteers.

We previously demonstrated that safflower seed extract (SSE) and its major antioxidant constituents, serotonin hydroxycinnamic acid amides, suppressed LDL oxidation in vitro, decreased plasma autoantibody titres to oxidized LDL and attenuated atherosclerotic lesion formation in apoE-deficient mice. In this report, we examined whether SSE, rich in serotonin derivatives, could affect markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and aortic stiffness in healthy human subjects. Twenty Japanese male volunteers were studied at baseline, after 2.

Serotonin derivatives, major safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed antioxidants, inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

The effects of defatted safflower seed extract and its phenolic constituents, serotonin derivatives, on atherosclerosis were studied. Ethanol-ethyl acetate extract of safflower seeds (SSE) inhibited low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation induced in vitro by an azo-containing free-radical initiator V70 or copper ions. Two serotonin derivatives [N-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin, CS; N-feruloylserotonin, FS] and their glucosides were identified as the major phenolic constituents of the extract.