Spontaneous hypoglycemia: should we mind the gap? Long-term follow-up of healthy people who met Whipple's triad criteria.

Context: Patients discharged as "healthy" with the symptoms of spontaneous hypoglycemia, commonly known as Whipple's triad, need more attention.

Objective: Characterization and long-term follow-up of symptom development in patients with spontaneous hypoglycemia discharged as "healthy". The objective was to ascertain whether any conditions related to the symptoms were diagnosed during the follow-up period.

Relevance of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Endocrinology Today: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1, Insulinoma, Primary Aldosteronism-An Expert's Perspective Based on Three Decades of Scientific and Clinical Experience.

In endocrinology, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) may be used to image the adrenals, the endocrine pancreas, and other organs where endocrine neoplasms may occur. During the recent decades, EUS has been established predominantly to assess multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, to localize insulinomas, and to identify aldosterone-producing adenomas. EUS in endocrinology requires special skills and individual experience in order to provide reliable diagnostic information.

Changes in diagnosis and operative treatment of insulinoma over two decades.

Purpose: Most insulinomas are small solitary, benign neoplasms. Imaging and surgical techniques improved over the last 20 years. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze changes in diagnosis and surgery of insulinoma patients in a referral center over two decades.

Regional Growth Velocity and Incidence of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasias in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Objectives: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasias (pNENs) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 are predominantly found in the dorsal anlage. Whether their growth velocity and incidence might be related to their location in the pancreas has not been investigated yet.

Methods: We studied 117 patients using endoscopic ultrasound.

Is the Size of Insulinoma Predictive for its Endocrine Behavior? An Endoscopic Ultrasound Study.

Objective: Insulinoma is a rare tumor of the pancreas that can lead to spontaneous hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin secretion. Seventy-two-hour fast is the gold standard for finding the correct diagnosis. Endoscopic ultrasound is an established examination method to identify the suspicious lesion.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy Is the Best Surgical Procedure for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Aim: The aim of this research was to evaluate the long-term outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) versus other duodenopancreatic resections (non-PD) for the surgical treatment of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1).

Methods: Prospectively recorded patients with biochemically confirmed MEN1-ZES who underwent duodenopancreatic surgery were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinical characteristics, complications, cure rate, and long-term morbidity, including quality of life assessment (EORTC QLQ-C30).

Results: 35 patients (16 female, 19 male) with MEN1-ZES due to duodenopancreatic gastrinomas with a median age of 42 (range 30-74) years were included.

Two Case Reports of Subacute Thyroiditis after Receiving Vaccine for COVID-19.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2, has struck the planet with great force. As of December 2019, the virus has made its devasting route across all continents . In January 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) registered over 5.

Adult Proinsulinomatosis Associated With a MAFA Germline Mutation as a Rare Cause of Recurrent Hypoglycemia.

Sporadic adult insulinomatosis is an extremely rare clinical condition. Adult proinsulinomatosis has not yet been described. We report the case of a 48-year-old female patient with recurrent hypoglycemia caused by benign proinsulin-secreting pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasias (pNENs) with no history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Pheochromocytoma and Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Morphological Characteristics in Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging.

Pheochromocytoma (PCC) and adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) are two rare endocrine diseases. Early diagnosis is crucial to significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. In this study, we used endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for high-resolution imaging to investigate the endosonographic morphology pattern of PCC and ACC.

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasias in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Are Predominantly Located in the Dorsal Anlage: An Endoscopic Ultrasound Study.

Objectives: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasias (pNENs) frequently occur in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Their distribution referring to embryology, that is, the pancreatic anlagen, has not been investigated yet.

Methods: In the time between 1998 and 2019, we studied the distribution of pNENs in MEN1 concerning the embryologic origin of the pancreas, that is, the dorsal versus ventral anlage using endoscopic ultrasound in 117 MEN1 patients: 56 women, 61 men; aged 40 years (standard deviation, 14 years) at first endoscopic ultrasound.

[Spontaneous Hypoglycemia: A Diagnostic Challenge].

History: A 59-year-old woman presented for an endocrinological evaluation of recurrent spontaneous hypoglycemia. The complaints always regressed after carbohydrate intake. Due to classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, the patient received substitution therapy with hydrocortisone for decades.

Spinal Opioid Tolerance Depends upon Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor- Signaling, Not -Opioid Receptor Internalization.

Opioids are some of the most potent analgesics available. However, their effectiveness is limited by the development of analgesic tolerance. Traditionally, tolerance was thought to occur by termination of -opioid receptor (MOR) signaling via desensitization and internalization.

Gender Differences in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Implications for Screening?

Background: Some gender-related differences have been reported in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), although not all reports are conclusive. This systematic review with analysis of the own MEN1 cohort evaluates gender differences and potential consequences for screening.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature between 1990 and 2019 with the search terms "MEN1" or "multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1" and "gender" or "sex" was performed.

The effects of prolonged single night session of videogaming on sleep and declarative memory.

Use of electronic media is widespread among adolescents. Many male adolescents spend a major part of their evenings playing video games. The increased exposure to artificial light as well as the exciting nature of this pastime is under suspicion to impair sleep.

Single Centre Experience in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Sporadic, Lithium-associated and in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia.

Purpose: It is assumed that primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) and lithium-associated pHPT (LIHPT) are associated with multiple gland disease (MGD), persistence and recurrence. The studies purpose was to determine frequencies, clinical presentation and outcome of sporadic pHPT (spHPT), LIHPT and pHPT in MEN. Additional main outcome measures were the rates of MGD and persistence/recurrence.

Surgical Management, Preoperative Tumor Localization, and Histopathology of 80 Patients Operated on for Insulinoma.

Introduction: Diagnosis and pathological classification of insulinomas are challenging.

Aim: To characterize localization of tumors, surgery outcomes, and histopathology in patients with insulinoma.

Methods: Patients with surgically resected sporadic insulinoma were included.

Cardivascular Risk Profile in Patients with Diabetes and Acromegaly or Cushing's Disease - Analysis from the DPV Database.

Background: Although diabetes is a common complication of acromegaly or Cushing´s disease, there are only few detailed studies with a focus on cardiovascular risk, metabolic control or diabetes therapy. Here, we provide a comprehensive characterization from the longitudinal DPV (Diabetes Patienten Verlaufsdokumentation) registry.

Methods: Patients from the registry≥18 years of age with diabetes and acromegaly or Cushing´s disease were compared to patients with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes using the statistical software SAS 9.

Is endoscopic ultrasonography more sensitive than magnetic resonance imaging in detecting and localizing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?

To compare endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in terms of their sensitivities to localize pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) preoperatively. Systematic analysis of the literature; sensitivity of EUS and MRI in insulinomas and pancreaticoduodenal NETs in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) in series of at least 20 subjects referring to tumors confirmed by surgery and histopathology. Other imaging methods reported were also assessed.

Risk and Relevance of Insulin Pump Therapy in the Aetiology of Ketoacidosis in People with Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this systematic data analysis was to determine the prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) as well as hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic disorders during insulin pump therapy (CSII) in patients with type 1 diabetes. The main focus was to investigate whether CSII patients have more DKA than the general type 1 diabetes population.

Subjects And Methods: This retrospective study with patients who were treated in our treatment center from 2003 to 2016 includes data from 229 patients (52.

Prevention of breast cancer treatment-induced bone loss in premenopausal women treated with zoledronic acid: Final 5-year results from the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled ProBONE II trial.

Purpose: Premenopausal women receiving chemotherapy or endocrine treatment for early breast cancer are at increased risk for cancer treatment induced bone loss (CTIBL). The aim of the randomized, double-blind ProBONE II trial was to investigate whether a 2-year adjuvant treatment with 4 mg intravenous zoledronic acid (ZOL) every 3 months versus placebo would prevent CTIBL after a five-year period.

Methods: Thirty-one of the 34 participants in the ZOL arm and thirty-four of the 36 participants in the placebo arm were followed-up to the 5-year visit and completed the study as planned.

Endoscopic Ultrasound Features of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1-Related versus Sporadic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Aim: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) can occur in patients with a familial syndrome either as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) or as sporadic tumors. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become one of the first-line investigations for pNET characterization. The ultrasonographic features of pNETs may differ depending on the familial versus sporadic pathogenesis of the tumor.

Design of the Growth hormone deficiency and Efficacy of Treatment (GET) score and non-interventional proof of concept study.

Background: The adverse effects of growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) in adults (AGHD) on metabolism and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can be improved with GH substitution. This investigation aimed to design a score summarising the features of GHD and evaluate its ability to measure the effect of GH substitution in AGHD.

Methods: The Growth hormone deficiency and Efficacy of Treatment (GET) score (0-100 points) assessed (weighting): HRQoL (40%), disease-related days off work (10%), bone mineral density (20%), waist circumference (10%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (10%) and body fat mass (10%).

Clinicopathological hallmarks and biomarkers of colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Chromogranin A (CgA) is a well-established marker for diagnosis and follow up of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN). Recently, it has been shown that plasma levels of CgA correlate with tumor load and predict survival of patients with NEN of the small bowel. It is assumed that this is as well valid for NEN of the colon and rectum, however, this is not supported by data.