Effect of music therapy on postembolization syndrome in Thai patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A quasi-experimental crossover study.

Background: Postembolization syndrome (PES), including abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, are complications most severe on the first day after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Music therapy has been found to help manage pain. If pain, a cause of nausea and vomiting, can be relieved, then nausea and vomiting should also be reduced.