Myristoylated Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 captures the ciliary vesicle at distal appendages.

The primary cilium is a microtubule-based organelle that cycles through assembly and disassembly. In many cell types, formation of the cilium is initiated by recruitment of ciliary vesicles to the distal appendage of the mother centriole. However, the distal appendage mechanism that directly captures ciliary vesicles is yet to be identified.

A hierarchical pathway for assembly of the distal appendages that organize primary cilia.

Distal appendages are nine-fold symmetric blade-like structures attached to the distal end of the mother centriole. These structures are critical for formation of the primary cilium, by regulating at least four critical steps: ciliary vesicle recruitment, recruitment and initiation of intraflagellar transport (IFT), and removal of CP110. While specific proteins that localize to the distal appendages have been identified, how exactly each protein functions to achieve the multiple roles of the distal appendages is poorly understood.

Mitral complex geometric changes aggravate mitral stenosis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) often coexists with mitral valve stenosis (MS). MS aggravation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is common, and its etiology is multifactorial. We hypothesized that geometric changes in the mitral complex (mitral valvular and annular deformities) are adjunctive factors aggravating MS after TAVR, particularly in older adults with a smaller left ventricle (LV).

Quantitative flow ratio versus fractional flow reserve for Heart Team decision-making in multivessel disease: the randomised, multicentre DECISION QFR trial.

Background: Vessel-level physiological data derived from pressure wire measurements are one of the important determinant factors in the optimal revascularisation strategy for patients with multivessel disease (MVD). However, these may result in complications and a prolonged procedure time.

Aims: The feasibility of using the quantitative flow ratio (QFR), an angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR), in Heart Team discussions to determine the optimal revascularisation strategy for patients with MVD was investigated.

CD151 Maintains Endolysosomal Protein Quality to Inhibit Vascular Inflammation.

Background: Tetraspanin CD151 is highly expressed in endothelia and reinforces cell adhesion, but its role in vascular inflammation remains largely unknown.

Methods: In vitro molecular and cellular biological analyses on genetically modified endothelial cells, in vivo vascular biological analyses on genetically engineered mouse models, and in silico systems biology and bioinformatics analyses on CD151-related events.

Results: Endothelial ablation of leads to pulmonary and cardiac inflammation, severe sepsis, and perilous COVID-19, and endothelial CD151 becomes downregulated in inflammation.

Urine microbes and predictive metagenomic profiles associate with abnormalities in sperm parameters: implications for male subfertility.

Objective: To explore the taxonomic and predicted functional relationship between the urine microbiome and alterations of semen analysis (SA) parameters.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Semen microbiota are dramatically altered in men with abnormal sperm parameters.

There has recently been an explosion of studies implicating the human microbiome in playing a critical role in many disease and wellness states. The etiology of abnormal semen analysis (SA) parameters is not identified in 30% of cases; investigations involving the semen microbiome may bridge this gap. Here, we explore the relationship between the semen microbiome and alterations of sperm parameters.

The IFT81-IFT74 complex acts as an unconventional RabL2 GTPase-activating protein during intraflagellar transport.

Cilia are important cellular organelles for signaling and motility and are constructed via intraflagellar transport (IFT). RabL2 is a small GTPase that localizes to the basal body of cilia via an interaction with the centriolar protein CEP19 before downstream association with the IFT machinery, which is followed by initiation of IFT. We reconstituted and purified RabL2 with CEP19 or IFT proteins to show that a reconstituted pentameric IFT complex containing IFT81/74 enhances the GTP hydrolysis rate of RabL2.

Effect of fat emulsion administration on blood coagulation in terminal lung cancer patients.

Objectives: Patients with cancer, especially those with lung cancer, are at high risk of developing thrombosis. Intralipos infusion 20% is contraindicated for thrombosis, and there is no consensus on whether it can be safely used in cases of advanced cancer. We conducted a retrospective observational study to elucidate the impact of fat emulsion administration on blood coagulation in patients with terminal lung cancer.

Single-molecule imaging in the primary cilium.

The primary cilium is an important signaling organelle critical for normal development and tissue homeostasis. Its small dimensions and complexity necessitate advanced imaging approaches to uncover the molecular mechanisms behind its function. Here, we outline how single-molecule fluorescence microscopy can be used for tracking molecular dynamics and interactions and for super-resolution imaging of nanoscale structures in the primary cilium.

Myristoylated Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 captures the ciliary vesicle at distal appendages.

The primary cilium is a microtubule-based organelle that cycles through assembly and disassembly. In many cell types, formation of the cilium is initiated by recruitment of ciliary vesicles to the distal appendage of the mother centriole. However, the distal appendage mechanism that directly captures ciliary vesicles is yet to be identified.

A hierarchical pathway for assembly of the distal appendages that organize primary cilia.

Distal appendages are nine-fold symmetric blade-like structures attached to the distal end of the mother centriole. These structures are critical for formation of the primary cilium, by regulating at least four critical steps: ciliary vesicle recruitment, recruitment and initiation of intraflagellar transport (IFT), and removal of CP110. While specific proteins that localize to the distal appendages have been identified, how exactly each protein functions to achieve the multiple roles of the distal appendages is poorly understood.

Immunoglobulin G4-related coronary periarteritis: a systematic literature review with a case series.

We aimed to assess the clinical and radiological characteristics of immunoglobulin G4-related coronary periarteritis through a systematic literature review and from our case series. In the systematic literature review, we assessed English language manuscripts on immunoglobulin G4-related coronary periarteritis cases. Additionally, we identified patients with immunoglobulin G4-related coronary periarteritis at St.

Heart Team risk assessment with angiography-derived fractional flow reserve determining the optimal revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel disease: Trial design and rationale for the DECISION QFR randomized trial.

In patients with multivessel disease (MVD), functional information on lesions improves the prognostic capability of the SYNTAX score. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR®) is an angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) that does not require a pressure wire or pharmacological hyperemia. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of QFR-based patient information in Heart Teams' discussions to determine the optimal revascularization strategy for patients with MVD.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for people with cardiovascular disease: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally. Recently, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were approved for treating people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although metformin remains the first-line pharmacotherapy for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a body of evidence has recently emerged indicating that DPP4i, GLP-1RA and SGLT2i may exert positive effects on patients with known CVD.

Temporal trends in clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review of 66,327 patients from 25 all-comers trials.

Background: With the improvements of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) technology and post-PCI patient management, several registry studies reported temporal trends in post-PCI clinical outcomes. However, their results are inconclusive, potentially reflecting region-specific trends, based on site-reported events without external validity.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate temporal trends in post-PCI clinical outcomes in all-comers randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving coronary stents.

The relationship between coronary stent strut thickness and the incidences of clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Drug-eluting stents (DESs) have been developed with thinner stent struts, and more biocompatible polymers and anti-proliferative drugs to improve the clinical performance. However, it remains unclear whether thinner struts are associated with favorable short- and long-term clinical outcomes such as target lesion revascularization (TLR), periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI), and stent thrombosis (ST).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and other online sources for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing clinical outcomes between a DES and other stent(s), with independent clinical event adjudication.

Effectiveness of daptomycin against infective endocarditis caused by highly penicillin-resistant viridans group streptococci.

Penicillin-resistant viridans group streptococci (VGS) infections are an emerging issue in infectious diseases. Here, we present a case of mitral valve infective endocarditis caused by highly penicillin-resistant VGS (minimum inhibitory concentration >4 μg/mL), which was successfully treated with daptomycin. Although the clinical efficacy of daptomycin has not been established, it can be an alternative for the treatment of highly resistant VGS endocarditis.

Connecting autoimmune disease to Bardet-Biedl syndrome and primary cilia.

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetic disorder caused by the dysfunction of the primary cilium. To date, immunological defects in the disease have not been systematically assessed. In this issue, Tsyklauri and colleagues find, through detailed analysis of BBS mutant animals, that B-cell development is altered in mutant mice (Tsyklauri et al, 2021).

Spontaneous regression of gastric gastrinoma after resection of metastases to the lesser omentum: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Gastric gastrinoma and spontaneous tumor regression are both very rarely encountered. We report the first case of spontaneous regression of gastric gastrinoma.

Case Summary: A 37-year-old man with a 9-year history of chronic abdominal pain was referred for evaluation of an 8 cm mass in the lesser omentum discovered incidentally on abdominal computed tomography.

ACE2 localizes to the respiratory cilia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or ARBs.

The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the ongoing severe acute respiratory disease pandemic COVID-19. Tissue and cellular tropism is one key to understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We investigate the expression and subcellular localization of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), within the upper (nasal) and lower (pulmonary) respiratory tracts of human donors using a diverse panel of banked tissues.

Silicone Resin Coating of Micro-Sized Ferrite Particles Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide.

An environmentally friendly and efficient polymer coating method for micro-sized particles was developed using supercritical CO. Because this method used supercritical CO as the solvent to dissolve the coating material, we avoided environmental pollution from organic solvents, saved the energy required to evaporate/remove organic solvents, realized a uniform coating film on the fine particles, and prevented agglomeration of the coating particles. The solubilities of the five silicone resins used as coating materials were measured using the flow method, and the data were well correlated by Chrastil's equation with an average deviation of 5.