En-masse Retraction of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth by Applying Force from Four Different Levels - A Finite Element Study.

Objective: To find out if it is possible to control maxillary anterior teeth in sagittal and vertical plane during retraction by altering the vertical levels of force application in the posterior region, i.e. identifying the type of movement of the maxillary anterior teeth which occurs when force would be applied from four different levels i.

Cephalometric evaluation of adenoids, upper airway, maxilla, velum length, need ratio for determining velopharyngeal incompetency in subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objectives: Children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) are seen to have reduced airway size and large adenoids, which might lead to different characteristics in the upper airway and surrounding tissues from both morphological and functional perspectives. Decrease in adenoid size and increase in need ratio in cleft patients might lead to velopharyngeal incompetency (VPI) and development of nasality in adulthood. No studies have been conducted on the Indian population with variables contributing to VPI.

Effects of low-intensity laser therapy on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: A clinical trial.

Background: Low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) can be utilized for different treatments in the field of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of LILT on (1) the rate of canine movement during canine retraction phase and (2) evaluate the radiographic changes occurring during LILT around the irradiated area.

Materials And Methods: A total of 10 patients of both genders were included for this study.

Effects of first premolar extraction on maxillary and mandibular third molar angulation after orthodontic therapy.

Background/aims: To compare the change in the angulation of developing mandibular third molar in both first premolar extraction and non-extraction cases and to determine whether premolar extraction results in a more mesial movement of the mandibular buccal segment and causes favorable rotational changes in the mandibular third molar tilt, which can enhance later eruption of the third molars.

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment (T1) and post treatment (T2) panoramic radiographs were taken of 25 subjects (age 14-19 years) who had been treated by the extraction of all the first premolars and 25 subjects who had been treated with non-extraction. The horizontal reference plane was used to measure and compare the changes in the angles of the developing mandibular third molars.

Clinical investigation of periodontal ligament distraction osteogenesis for rapid orthodontic canine retraction.

Aims: To investigate rapid canine distalisation by periodontal ligament distraction and to determine the effects of periodontal ligament distraction on the canine root and pulpal vitality.

Methods: The sample consisted of 16 upper canines in eight patients who required first premolar extractions. The upper first premolars were extracted and the interseptal bone distal to each canine was thinned and undermined surgically.