Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery is increasingly utilized for its minimally invasive nature, leading to reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery. This study aimed to compare postoperative pain, surgical complications, and recovery between laparoscopic-assisted ovariohysterectomy (LAOHE) and open ovariohysterectomy (OHE) in dogs.
Methods: A total of 40 healthy female dogs were randomly assigned to undergo either LAOHE ( = 20) or OHE ( = 20).