GluMarker: A Novel Predictive Modeling of Glycemic Control Through Digital Biomarkers.

The escalating prevalence of diabetes globally underscores the need for diabetes management. Recent research highlights the growing focus on digital biomarkers in diabetes management, with innovations in computational frameworks and noninvasive monitoring techniques using personalized glucose metrics. However, they predominantly focus on insulin dosing and specific glucose values, or with limited attention given to overall glycemic control.

A Multi-Contrast Translation-Based Registration Approach for Distortion Correction in DTI.

Correcting eddy currents and motion artifacts is crucial in Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) preprocessing, traditionally managed through affine registration to an undistorted reference. However, the contrast variation across diffusion-weighted images complicates direct registration. To surmount this challenge, our study introduces a translation-based registration approach, utilizing 312 DTI datasets from the Human Connectome Project (HCP), including both b=0 and b=2000 volumes.

Examining the moderating role of physical fitness on the relationship between ice and snow sports participation and health outcomes in China.

Background: The study examines how ice and snow sports participation, fitness, perceived social support, and access to winter sports facilities affect health outcomes in China. Understanding winter sports' health benefits is essential for improving public health in colder parts of China, where their popularity is rising.

Methods: A sample of 875 Chinese from various regions was used to examine variable relationships using structural equation modeling (SEM) and route analysis.

Myopia control efficacy of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets: results of a 5-year follow-up study.

Purpose: To evaluate myopia control efficacy in myopic children wearing spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) for 5 years.

Methods: This is a randomized, double-masked extended trial. Myopic children aged 8 to 13 years who were originally allocated to the HAL group in the 2-year clinical trial.

Electroacupuncture produces analgesic effects via cannabinoid CB1 receptor-mediated GABAergic neuronal inhibition in the rostral ventromedial medulla.

Objective: Electroacupuncture (EA) is commonly used for pain control in clinical practice, yet the precise mechanisms underlying its action are not fully understood. The rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) plays a crucial role in the modulation of pain. GABAergic neurons in the RVM (GABA neurons) facilitate nociceptive transmission by inhibiting off-cells activity.

Development of model for identifying homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status of ovarian cancer with deep learning on whole slide images.

Background: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) refers to the dysfunction of homologous recombination repair (HRR) at the cellular level. The assessment of HRD status has the important significance for the formulation of treatment plans, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis prediction of patients with ovarian cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to construct a deep learning-based classifier for identifying tumor regions from whole slide images (WSIs) and stratify the HRD status of patients with ovarian cancer (OC).

Survival impact and risk factors of skeletal muscle loss during first-line EGFR-TKIs therapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Purpose: The impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on muscle mass in individuals with advanced lung cancer has yet to be fully delineated. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of skeletal muscle mass during EGFR-TKIs targeted therapy, elucidate its clinical relevance, and explore the potential mechanisms.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 104 patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma who received icotinib or afatinib as first-line treatment.

Intelligent fault diagnosis and operation condition monitoring of transformer based on multi-source data fusion and mining.

Transformers are important equipment in the power system and their reliable and safe operation is an important guarantee for the high-efficiency operation of the power system. In order to achieve the prognostics and health management of the transformer, a novel intelligent fault diagnosis of the transformer based on multi-source data fusion and correlation analysis is proposed. Firstly, data fusion for multiple components of transformer dissolved gases is performed by an improved entropy weighting method.

Theoretical investigation of parallel NiO/GaP heterojunction nuclear battery with graphene layer and its time-related performance.

Betavoltaic (BV) batteries are regarded as appealing power sources due to their high energy densities and long lifetimes. However, the low efficiency and maximum output power density of conventional BV batteries due to the self-absorption effect of radioactive sources, which consist of separate beta-radioactive sources and semiconductor absorbers, limit their applications. In this work, we optimized and compared six NiO-related heterojunction nuclear batteries utilizing Monte Carlo software Geant4 and finite element analysis software COMSOL Multiphysics.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of animal experiments on Bushen formulas for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

The treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with Bushen traditional Chinese medicine has a long history. Every year, there are animal experiments on Bushen formulas for the treatment of PCOS. The evidence from these preclinical studies is still unclear.

Gut dysbiosis conveys psychological stress to activate LRP5/β-catenin pathway promoting cancer stemness.

Psychological stress causes gut microbial dysbiosis and cancer progression, yet how gut microbiota determines psychological stress-induced tumor development remains unclear. Here we showed that psychological stress promotes breast tumor growth and cancer stemness, an outcome that depends on gut microbiota in germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice. Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that psychological stress markedly alters the composition and abundance of gut microbiota, especially Akkermansia muciniphila (A.

Circulating mitochondrial DNA promotes M2 polarization of tumor associated macrophages and HCC resistance to sorafenib.

Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), TFAM (transcription factor A, mitochondrial), and ATP, which play crucial roles in the regulation of inflammatory environment in human diseases. However, the role of mitochondrial DAMPs in regulating tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that infiltration of M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was correlated with the resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to sorafenib.

Spatial-Temporal Information Fusion for Thyroid Nodule Segmentation in Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI: A Novel Approach.

This study aims to develop a novel segmentation method that utilizes spatio-temporal information for segmenting two-dimensional thyroid nodules on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Leveraging medical morphology knowledge of the thyroid gland, we designed a semi-supervised segmentation model that first segments the thyroid gland, guiding the model to focus exclusively on the thyroid region. This approach reduces the complexity of nodule segmentation by filtering out irrelevant regions and artifacts.

Allograft valves harvesting and preservation technique for enhanced performance.

Allograft valves offer significant advantages in valve replacement; however, their limited availability from cadaveric or brain-dead donors presents a considerable challenge. This study aims to share our experience in harvesting and preserving Allograft valves from heart transplant recipients, addressing this shortage and streamlining the process. Allograft valves were harvested from patients who underwent heart transplants at our center from October 2007 to October 2022.

Elevated baseline CTX levels predict enhanced therapeutic efficacy of zoledronic acid in augmenting lumbar spine bone mineral density among Chinese osteoporosis patients.

Unlabelled: This study examined the link between baseline CTX levels and zoledronic acid's effectiveness in boosting bone density in osteoporosis patients. Among 472 Chinese patients, higher initial CTX levels correlated with greater lumbar spine bone density improvement after treatment. However, no such correlation was found for hip or femoral neck bones.

Closing the loop in DBS: A data-driven approach.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has transformed the treatment of movement disorders like Parkinson's Disease (PD). Innovations in DBS technology and experimentation have fostered adaptive DBS (aDBS), which employs a closed-loop system that senses physiological biomarkers to inform precise neuromodulation and personalized therapy. This review analyzes several promising advances in aDBS, including biomarker detection, control policies, mechanisms of efficacy, and a data-driven approach using artificial intelligence to decode motor states from neural signals.

Personal Goal-Related Mental Time Travel and Its Association With Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Individuals With High Schizotypal Traits.

Background And Hypothesis: Mental time travel (MTT) is a crucial ability for daily life. Personal goal-related MTT events has stronger phenomenological characteristics than personal goal-unrelated ones, ie, the "personal goal-advantage effect". However, it remains unclear whether this effect is impacted in individuals with high schizotypal traits (HST) and the neural correlates of this effect have yet to be elucidated.

Ultrafast self-gelling, superabsorbent, and adhesive chitosan-based hemostatic powders for rapid hemostasis and wound healing.

Hemostatic powders are widely used for managing bleeding from wounds with various irregular shapes. However, their limited liquid absorption capacity and difficulty in removal after application remain significant clinical challenges. Herein, we introduce a multifunctional hemostatic powder composed of dually crosslinked poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid) (pMATC-co-AA) and N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chitosan chloride (HTCC), which are integrated via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.

An AIE-active near-infrared molecular probe for migrasome labeling.

Migrasomes, newly identified organelles, play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological activities, including embryogenesis, immune responses, wound healing, and metastasis of cancer cells. Migrasome visualization is essential for the deep exploration of migrasome biology. Despite the reported labeling methods based on migrasome marker proteins, a simple and convenient method for migrasome labeling is more desirable compared to the complicated transfection technique.

Functional identification of the diterpene synthases exploring the landscape of diterpene structural diversity in Isodon.

The genus Isodon is recognized as a primary source for the production of ent-kaurane-type diterpenes and previous studies predominantly focused on ent-kaurene and miltiradiene as the most extensively investigated diterpenes in Isodon. The diversity of diterpene synthases within this genus has recently been acknowledged, while such studies have been largely restricted to single species. In this study, we systematically mined and functionally validated diterpene synthases from three Isodon species using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Systematic investigation into matrix effect compensation in the GC-MS analysis of flavor components using analyte protectants.

Accurate quantitative analysis of flavor components is critical to eusuring product quality and safety. Matrix effects (MEs) in gas chromatography (GC) analysis frequently leads to a low sensitivity and inaccurate quantitation. This study first analyzed the MEs of 32 representative flavor components that cover the volatility range of GC-amenable analytes.

Global spatio-temporal distribution of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine hesitancy between 2020 and 2022: A meta-analysis.

Objective: Vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier to high coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine coverage. To synthesize global research on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, a meta-analysis was conducted to provide scientific evidence for understanding its spatial and temporal variations and influencing factors.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies published in English between January 2020 and December 2023 and included cross-sectional and cohort studies with study populations that included the general adult population aged ≥18 years and provided quantitative data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance or hesitancy.

Covalent conjugation with dietary flavonoids Rutin and Isoschaftoside ameliorates intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation induced by Peanut allergy protein Arah 3 and enhances their antioxidant properties.

Food allergies, particularly those caused by peanut allergens e.g. Arah 3, are a significant health concern.

Genome-based taxonomy of the family Haloarculaceae, proposal of Natronomonadaceae fam. nov., and description of four novel halophilic archaea from two saline lakes and a marine solar saltern.

A new family related to the family Haloarculaceae was proposed and the genus Actinarchaeum was merged into the genus Halocatena through phylogenetic, phylogenomic, and comparative genomic analyses. Four strains KK48, YCN56, SYNS191, and SYNS196 with new taxonomic status were isolated from inland saline lakes and a marine solar saltern. According to the comparison of 16S rRNA gene and rpoB' gene sequences, strains KK48, YCN56, SYNS191, and SYNS196 showed high sequence similarities to the genera Salinibaculum and Salinirubellus, respectively.