Competition and Neutralization: Thermally Induced Crystallization and Phase Evolution of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate with Cosubstitution of Larger and Smaller Divalent Cations.

The presented study evaluated the effect of cosubstitution of larger and smaller divalent cations on the thermally induced crystallization of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). The predesigned combinations of larger (Sr and Ba) and smaller (Mg, Cu, and Co) divalent cations were carried out and their effects on the thermodynamic equilibrium between α/β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) were outlined. The coexistence of larger and smaller divalent cations shielded the formation of α-TCP and shifted the thermodynamic equilibrium toward the β-TCP, which implied that the smaller cations dominated the crystalline phase.

Upconverted persistent luminescent ZnGaSnO: Cr, Yb, Er phosphor for composite anti-counterfeiting ink.

Herein, a novel colorless anti-counterfeiting luminous ink composite material, to the best of our knowledge, was prepared by incorporating upconverted persistent luminescent :1, 5, 0.5 (ZGSO: Cr,Yb,Er) phosphors into a resin solution, followed by stirring. Owing to its small particle size and uniform distribution, ZGSO: Cr, Yb, Er exhibits long-lasting, persistent near-infrared emission at 696 nm following the stoppage of excitation by a 274 nm ultraviolet light and a 980 nm excitation.

Auditory Discrimination Elicited by Nonspeech and Speech Stimuli in Children With Congenital Hearing Loss.

Purpose: Congenital deafness not only delays auditory development but also hampers the ability to perceive nonspeech and speech signals. This study aimed to use auditory event-related potentials to explore the mismatch negativity (MMN), P3a, negative wave (Nc), and late discriminative negativity (LDN) components in children with and without hearing loss.

Method: Nineteen children with normal hearing (CNH) and 17 children with hearing loss (CHL) participated in this study.

Blue LED-pumped intense short-wave infrared luminescence based on Cr-Yb-co-doped phosphors.

The growing demand for spectroscopy applications in the areas of agriculture, retail and healthcare has led to extensive research on infrared light sources. The ability of phosphors to absorb blue light from commercial LED and convert the excitation energy into long-wavelength infrared luminescence is crucial for the design of cost-effective and high-performance phosphor-converted infrared LEDs. However, the lack of ideal blue-pumped short-wave infrared (SWIR) phosphors with an emission peak longer than 900 nm greatly limits the development of SWIR LEDs using light converter technology.

Enhancing the understanding of hydrological responses induced by ecological water replenishment using improved machine learning models: A case study in Yongding River.

The ecological water replenishment (EWR) of Yongding River has been an important project implemented in response to the Development of an Ecological Civilization policy in China since 2016. A reasonable amount of EWR requires a systematic understanding of the relationship among the surface water, groundwater, ecology and economy. However, studying surface water-groundwater interactions still remains an important issue.

Color modification of ZnGaO:Yb,Er,Tm upconversion phosphors with the doping of Sn and Ge ions.

Upconversion phosphors :,, were prepared by solid-state reaction with a subsequent thermal treatment at 1300°C. Under the excitation of a 980 nm laser, all phosphors produced blue emission at 477 nm, green emissions at 526 nm and 549 nm, and red emissions at 659 nm and 694 nm. The doping of ions and ions had no effect on the positions of upconversion emission peaks.

Up-conversion Persistent Luminescence of a 980 nm Laser Activated ZnGa(GeSn)O:Yb,Er,Cr Phosphors.

ZnGa(GeSn)O:Yb,Er,Cr phosphors with different doping ratio of Ge/Sn were prepared by high temperature solid-state method. After excited at 270 nm with a xenon lamp for 15 min, the persistent luminescence (PL) of ZnGa(GeSn)O:Yb,Er,Cr phosphor can last more than 60 min. Under the excitation at 980 nm, ZnGa(GeSn)O:Yb,Er,Cr phosphors can generate effective up-conversion emissions from Er ions at 410 nm, 525 nm, 550 nm, 660 nm and Cr ions around 700 nm.

A Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor Platform Based on Specific Recognition and Conductive Polymer-Decorated CuCoO Carbon Nanofibers.

CuCoO decoration carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as an enzyme-free glucose sensor were fabricated via electrospinning technology and carbonization treatment. The CNFs with advantages of abundant nitrogen amounts, porosity, large surface area, and superior electrical conductivity were used as an ideal matrix for CuCoO decoration. The resultant CuCoO-CNF hybrids possessed favorable properties of unique three-dimensional architecture and good crystallinity, accompanied by the CuCoO nanoparticles uniformly growing on the CNF skeleton.

Properties of reduced graphene/carbon nanotubes reinforced calcium phosphate bone cement in a microwave environment.

In this work, the setting process of reduced graphene (RGO)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced calcium phosphate cement (CPC) were conducted in a microwave environment. The introduction of microwave can increase the reaction temperature, speed up the vibration of water molecules and eliminate bubbles from the interface between RGO, CNTs and the substrate. Comparing with CPC without microwave treatment, the final setting time of composites after microwave treatment are almost a half, the flexural strength and the compressive strength are increased by 19.

Enhanced Up-Conversion Emission in Al Co-Doped ZnGaO:Yb,Tm Powder Phosphors.

Yb-Tm co-doped up-conversion powder phosphors using Zn(AlGa)O (ZAGO) as the host materials were synthesized via solid-state reaction successfully. In addition, the morphology, structural characterization and up-conversion luminescent properties were all investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence spectrophotometer (F-7000), respectively. Under the excitation of a 980 nm laser, all as-prepared powders can carry out blue emission at about 477 nm (corresponding to G → H transition of Tm ions), and red emission at about 691 nm (attributed to F → H transition of Tm ions).

Sol-gel Synthesis and Upconversion Luminescent Properties of Yb,Er,Eu Triply-Doped in YVO Phosphors.

Yb,Er,Eu triply-doped in YVO with varying molar ratio of Er/Eu were synthesized in a sol-gel method with a subsequent heat treatment for the first time. The optimal molar ratio of Er/Eu for the maximum energy transfer efficiency was 1/39. After molar ratio, the influences of different heat treatment temperatures were also researched and the maximal heat temperature was 1300 °C.

Upconversion photoluminescence of core-shell structured SiO@YVO:Yb, Er, Eu nanospheres.

Core-shell structured SiO@YVO:Yb, Er, Eu nanospheres were prepared by a simple solgel method followed by a subsequent heat treatment. The as-prepared composites were characterized by a scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, x-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectra. The influences of different coating numbers were also studied.

Red/near-infrared/short-wave infrared multi-band persistent luminescence in Pr-doped persistent phosphors.

Red/near-infrared/short-wave infrared multi-band persistent phosphors are developed by doping Pr into MgGeO and CdSiO hosts, which emit intense, very-long-lasting (>120 h) persistent luminescence at around 625 nm, 900 nm and 1085 nm after ultraviolet light excitation. The penetration power of these three wavelengths in chicken breast follows the order of 1085 nm > 900 nm > 625 nm.

New function of the Yb ion as an efficient emitter of persistent luminescence in the short-wave infrared.

The trivalent ytterbium (Yb) ion has been extensively used as an emitter in short-wave infrared (SWIR) lasers, a sensitizer to activate other lanthanide ions for up-conversion luminescence, and a spectral converter in Ln-Yb doubly doped quantum cutting phosphors. Here we report a new function of the Yb ion-as an efficient emitting center for SWIR persistent luminescence. We have developed the first real SWIR persistent phosphor, MgGeO:Yb, which exhibits very-long persistent luminescence at around 1000 nm for longer than 100 h.

Long persistent luminescence in the ultraviolet in Pb(2+)-doped Sr2MgGe2O7 persistent phosphor.

We extend the persistent luminescence into the ultraviolet spectral region by developing a new ultraviolet persistent phosphor Sr2MgGe2O7:Pb(2+). The Sr2MgGe2O7:Pb(2+) phosphor exhibits strong persistent luminescence peaking at 370 nm and a long persistence time of >12 h after excitation. The phosphor also exhibits a photo-stimulated persistent luminescence capability.

Design and construction of polymerized-chitosan coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and its application for hydrophobic drug delivery.

In this study, a novel hydrogel, chitosan (CS) crosslinked carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) polymer modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles was synthesized for delivering hydrophobic anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (CS-CDpoly-MNPs). Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin being grafted on the Fe3O4 nanoparticles (CDpoly-MNPs) contributed to an enhancement of adsorption capacities because of the inclusion abilities of its hydrophobic cavity with insoluble anticancer drugs through host-guest interactions. Experimental results indicated that the amounts of crosslinking agent and bonding times played a crucial role in determining morphology features of the hybrid nanocarriers.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate composite membrane for guided bone regeneration.

Chitosan and β-glycerol phosphate (CS/β-GP) composite, with a thermosensitive sol-gel transition behavior, has been tested as one of the viable materials for barrier membrane fabrication. These studies have provided us with a new concept for a guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane design. The composition, porous structure of the membrane, and the neutral mild preparation procedures make the CS/β-GP membrane a potentially active guide for bone regeneration.