Characterization of four structurally diverse inhibitors of SUR2-containing K channels.

Vascular smooth muscle ATP-sensitive potassium (K) channels play critical roles in modulating vascular tone and thus represent important drug targets for diverse cardiovascular pathologies. Despite extensive research efforts spanning several decades, the search for selective inhibitors that can discriminate between vascular K (i.e.

Discovery and Characterization of VU0542270, the First Selective Inhibitor of Vascular Kir6.1/SUR2B K Channels.

Vascular smooth muscle K channels critically regulate blood flow and blood pressure by modulating vascular tone and therefore represent attractive drug targets for treating several cardiovascular disorders. However, the lack of potent inhibitors that can selectively inhibit Kir6.1/SUR2B (vascular K) over Kir6.

Synthesis and SAR of a novel Kir6.2/SUR1 channel opener scaffold identified by HTS.

Kir6.2/SUR1 is an ATP-regulated potassium channel that acts as an intracellular metabolic sensor, controlling insulin and appetite-stimulatory neuropeptides secretion. In this Letter, we present the SAR around a novel Kir6.

Implantable collamer lens implantation (ICL) versus small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in low to moderate myopia: study protocol for a randomized, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Implantable collamer lens implantation (ICL) is a form of 'foldable' posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens refractive surgery that generally does not impair cornea and natural accommodation. The potential advantages of the ICL over keratorefractive laser procedures include less induction of higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and enhanced retinal image magnification. On the other hand, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), currently, one of the most popular refractive surgery procedures, also offers excellent visual outcomes, particularly for eyes with low to moderate amounts of myopia.

Visual outcomes and corneal biomechanics after V4c implantable collamer lens implantation in subclinical keratoconus.

Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the safety, efficacy, stability, predictability, and corneal biomechanical parameters after V4c implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in subclinical keratoconus.

Setting: Xi'an AIER Eye Hospital, Xi'an, China.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Providing a New Aniline Bioisostere through the Photochemical Production of 1-Aminonorbornanes.

This report describes the photochemical conversion of aminocyclopropanes into 1-aminonorbornanes via formal [3+2] cycloadditions initiated by homolytic fragmentation of amine radical cation intermediates. Aligning with the modern movement toward -rich motifs in drug discovery, this strategy provides access to a diverse array of substitution patterns on this saturated carbocyclic framework while offering the robust functional group tolerance (e.g.

HiPSC-derived retinal ganglion cells grow dendritic arbors and functional axons on a tissue-engineered scaffold.

Unlabelled: Numerous therapeutic procedures in modern medical research rely on the use of tissue engineering for the treatment of retinal diseases. However, the cell source and the transplantation method are still a limitation. Previously, it was reported that a self-organizing three-dimensional neural retina can be induced from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).

Stage-specific differentiation of iPSCs toward retinal ganglion cell lineage.

Purpose: As an alternative and desirable approach for regenerative medicine, human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology raises the possibility of developing patient-tailored cell therapies to treat intractable degenerative diseases in the future. This study was undertaken to guide human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts-derived iPSCs (TiPSCs) to differentiate along the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) lineage, aiming at producing appropriate cellular material for RGC regeneration.

Methods: By mimicking RGC genesis, we deliberately administered the whole differentiation process and directed the stage-specific differentiation of human TiPSCs toward an RGC fate via manipulation of the retinal inducers (DKK1+Noggin+Lefty A) alongside master gene (Atoh7) sequentially.

4-[(2'-Cyano-biphen-yl-4-yl)meth-yl]morpholin-4-ium tetra-fluoridoborate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(18)H(19)N(2)O(+)·BF(4) (-), bifurcated N-H⋯(F,F) hydrogen bonds link the protonated 4'-morpholine-methyl-biphenyl-2-carbonitrile cations and slightly distorted tetra-fluoro-borate anions. π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.805 (3) Å] help to consolidate the packing.

Tear menisci and ocular discomfort during daily contact lens wear in symptomatic wearers.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between tear meniscus volumes and ocular discomfort during daily soft contact lens wear in symptomatic and asymptomatic wearers.

Methods: Three groups of subjects (n = 20 each) were enrolled. Group 1: symptomatic lens wearers; group 2: asymptomatic lens wearers; group 3: asymptomatic non-lens wearers.