[Guideline for Minimizing Radiation Exposure of Interventionalists during Fluoroscopy-guided Interventional Procedures].

As fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures gain popularity, the associated health threats from radiation exposure to interventionalists during these procedures are increasing. Therefore, an understanding of the potential risks of radiation and careful consideration on minimizing exposure to radiation during the procedures are of paramount importance. The Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed a clinical practice guideline to minimize radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures.

Transparent radiative cooling cover window for flexible and foldable electronic displays.

Transparent radiative cooling holds the promise to efficiently manage thermal conditions in various electronic devices without additional energy consumption. Radiative cooling cover windows designed for foldable and flexible displays could enhance cooling capacities in the ubiquitous deployment of flexible electronics in outdoor environments. However, previous demonstrations have not met the optical, mechanical, and moisture-impermeable criteria for such cover windows.

Observation for the feasibility of a bile duct biopsy technique using a loop-tip guidewire during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Endoscopists frequently have difficulty approaching biliary lesions using biopsy forceps. The aim of this study was not only to describe an easy technique for biliary biopsy assisted by a looped guidewire but also to present preliminary results regarding its safety and feasibility. A preliminary proof-of-concept study was performed at a single tertiary medical center.

Bowel Preparation Efficacy and Safety of 1 L vs 2 L Polyethylene Glycol With Ascorbic Acid for Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid (PEG/Asc) is a well-established bowel preparation solution with guaranteed effectiveness and safety. A new low-volume agent, 1 L-PEG/Asc, has recently been released. This study aimed to compare the bowel cleansing efficacy and safety of 1 L-PEG/Asc and 2 L-PEG/Asc administered to adult outpatients in a split-dose manner.

Minimally invasive treatment of duodenal obstruction with acute pancreatitis caused by two large bezoars.

Bezoar without gastrointestinal surgical history occurring simultaneously in the gastric and duodenal lumen is very rare. We report a case of acute pancreatitis due to duodenal obstruction caused by two large bezoars. Two large bezoars were detected in the gastric and duodenal lumen, respectively, on abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy images.

Simple and Reliable Position Sense Assessment Under Different External Torques: Toward Developing a Post-Stroke Proprioception Evaluation Device.

Evaluation of position sense post-stroke is essential for rehabilitation. Position sense may be an output of a process needing position information, external torque, and the sense of effort. Even for healthy individuals, it is unclear whether external torque affects position sense.

Intra-instrument channel workable, optical-resolution photoacoustic and ultrasonic mini-probe system for gastrointestinal endoscopy.

There has been a long-standing expectation that the optical-resolution embodiment of photoacoustic tomography could have a substantial impact on gastrointestinal endoscopy by enabling microscopic visualization of the vasculature based on the endogenous contrast mechanism. Although multiple studies have demonstrated the in vivo imaging capability of a developed imaging device over the last decade, the implementation of such an endoscopic system that can be applied immediately when necessary via the instrument channel of a video endoscope has been a challenge. In this study, we developed a 3.

Efficacy and safety of a thermosensitive hydrogel for endoscopic submucosal dissection: An in vivo swine study.

Injectable thermo-sensitive chitosan hydrogels have recently been developed for the use of submucosal fluids in endoscopic submucosal dissections (ESD). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of chitosan hydrogels during ESD. Submucosal fluids were administered as follows: 0.

Gram-negative bacteria and their lipopolysaccharides in Alzheimer's disease: pathologic roles and therapeutic implications.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most serious age-related neurodegenerative disease and causes destructive and irreversible cognitive decline. Failures in the development of therapeutics targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau, principal proteins inducing pathology in AD, suggest a paradigm shift towards the development of new therapeutic targets. The gram-negative bacteria and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are attractive new targets for AD treatment.

Effect of histological examination on the diagnosis of pancreatic mass using endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a well-established method for the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions. However, the diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions varies at around 70-90%. Samples from EUS-FNA consist of cells and tissues that can be analyzed separately, and the results can be combined for a final diagnosis.

Feasibility and effectiveness of endoscopic irreversible electroporation for the upper gastrointestinal tract: an experimental animal study.

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local non-thermal ablative technique currently used to treat solid tumors. Here, we investigated the clinical potency and safety of IRE with an endoscope in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Pigs were electroporated with recently designed endoscopic IRE catheters in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

Feasibility of Wearable Display Glasses for Medical Students in the Endoscopy Room.

Background/aims: Several attempts have been made to incorporate smart glasses in the medical field. We applied wearable display glasses to show the position of an observer during endoscopy and compared students' responses between the conventional and new methods.

Methods: We surveyed 28 medical students regarding the use of wearable display devices.

Bactericidal Lubricating Synthetic Materials for Three-Dimensional Additive Assembly with Controlled Mechanical Properties.

3D printable synthetic materials have been developed to realize desired surface and mechanical properties. Lubricating synthetic surfaces have broad technological impacts on many applications including food packaging, microfluidic systems, and biomedical devices. However, combining soft materials with lubricants leads to significant phase separation and swelling phenomena, together with lowered mechanical strength, impeding full utilization of lubricating synthetic surfaces with desired shapes in a highly controllable manner.

Development of a New Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy Tool for Obtaining Surface Morphology Through Electrochemical Reaction.

Electrochemical atomic force microscopy is a complex electrochemical analysis method that has been applied in many fields. Electrochemical atomic force microscopy consists of an electrochemical cell, electrochemical analysis system, and atomic force microscopy. To simultaneously analyze the electrochemical system and the atomic force microscopy, an electrochemical cell with a suitable structure is needed.

Comparison of Repeatability and Agreement between Swept-Source Optical Biometry and Dual-Scheimpflug Topography.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability and agreement of parameters obtained with two biometers and to compare the predictability.

Methods: Biometry was performed on 101 eyes with cataract using the IOLMaster 700 and the Galilei G6. Three measurements were obtained per eye with each device, and repeatability was evaluated.

Assessment of the Tear Meniscus by Strip Meniscometry and Keratograph in Patients With Dry Eye Disease According to the Presence of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the tear meniscus measurements using strip meniscometry (SM) and Keratograph5M (K5M) between 3 subtypes of dry eye disease patient groups, classified according to the presence of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and normal subjects.

Methods: We enrolled 145 eyes from 145 subjects and measured the tear meniscus using SM and K5M, tear film breakup time, ocular surface staining, and ocular surface disease index; the Schirmer test; and examined lid margins and meibomian glands. Correlation of tear meniscus parameters with other parameters and efficacy of the 2 measurements were evaluated.

A massive haemothorax as an unusual complication of infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus sanguinis.

Objective And Importance: Infective endocarditis involving the tricuspid valve is an uncommon condition, and a consequent haemothorax associated with pulmonary embolism is extremely rare. Particularly, there are no guidelines for the management of this complication. We describe a rare case of pulmonary embolism and infarction followed by a haemothorax due to infective endocarditis of the tricuspid valve caused by Streptococcus sanguinis.

A Rare Manifestation of Hypothyroid Myopathy: Hoffmann's Syndrome.

Hypothyroid myopathy is observed frequently and the resolution of the clinical manifestations of myopathy following thyroid hormone replacement is well known. However, a specific subtype of hypothyroid myopathy, Hoffmann's syndrome, characterized by increased muscular mass (pseudohypertrophy), proximal muscle weakness, muscle stiffness and cramps, is rarely reported. Herein, we describe a 34-year-old male who presented with proximal muscle weakness and non-pitting edema of the lower extremities.

Mass-producible superhydrophobic surfaces.

Mass-producible superhydrophobic surfaces with remarkably identical appearance and efficiency through a mold fabrication and hot embossing process are reported.

The relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients.

Background And Objectives: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) is well known as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients. Mathematically, AASI reflect the standard deviation (SD) of blood pressure (BP) variation. AASI is measured higher levels in non-dipper than dipper.