Three-dimensional dose reconstruction-based pretreatment dosimetric verification in volumetric modulated arc therapy for prostate cancer.

Purpose: We performed three-dimensional (3D) dose reconstruction-based pretreatment verification to evaluate gamma analysis acceptance criteria in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment verification for 28 VMAT plans for prostate cancer was performed using the COMPASS system with a dolphin detector. The 3D reconstructed dose distribution of the treatment planning system calculation (TC) was compared with that of COMPASS independent calculation (CC) and COMPASS reconstruction from the dolphin detector measurement (CR).

Micro-endoscopic Monitoring in the Blood and Lymphatic Vessels of the Oral Cavity after Radiation Therapy.

Radiotherapy, although used worldwide for the treatment of head, neck, and oral cancers, causes acute complications, including effects on vasculature and immune response due to cellular stress. Thus, the ability to diagnose side-effects and monitor vascular response in real-time during radiotherapy would be highly beneficial for clinical and research applications. In this study, recently-developed fluorescence micro-endoscopic technology provides non-invasive, high-resolution, real-time imaging at the cellular level.

Evaluation of connectivity map-discovered celastrol as a radiosensitizing agent in a murine lung carcinoma model: Feasibility study of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

This study was designed to identify potential radiosensitizing (RS) agents for combined radio- and chemotherapy in a murine model of human lung carcinoma, and to evaluate the in vivo effect of the RS agents using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI). Radioresistance-associated genes in A549 and H460 cells were isolated on the basis of their gene expression profiles. Celastrol was selected as a candidate RS by using connectivity mapping, and its efficacy in lung cancer radiotherapy was tested.

Adjuvant Treatment after Surgery in Stage IIIA Endometrial Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: We evaluated the role of adjuvant therapy in stage IIIA endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgery followed by radiotherapy (RT) alone or chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) according to risk group.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted including patients with surgical stage IIIA endometrial cancertreated by radical surgery and adjuvant RT or CTRT. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.

Multi-institutional analysis of T3 subtypes and adjuvant radiotherapy effects in resected T3N0 non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic significance of T3 subtypes and the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with resected the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IIB T3N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: T3N0 NSCLC patients who underwent resection from January 1990 to October 2009 (n = 102) were enrolled and categorized into 6 subgroups according to the extent of invasion: parietal pleura chest wall invasion, mediastinal pleural invasion, diaphragm invasion, separated tumor nodules in the same lobe, endobronchial tumor <2 cm distal to the carina, and tumor-associated collapse.

Results: The median overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 55.

A multicenter analysis of adjuvant therapy after surgery for stage IIIC endometrial adenocarcinoma: A Korean Radiation Oncology Group study (KROG 13-17).

Objective: To investigate whether combined chemoradiotherapy (CTRT) confers a benefit for survival outcome over radiotherapy (RT) alone after primary surgery in patients with FIGO stage IIIC endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of patients with surgical stage IIIC endometrial cancer from 1990 to 2011. Adjuvant RT alone was performed in 85 patients (40.

High-dose-rate vs. low-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We performed a meta-analysis to compare the treatment outcomes between high-dose-rate (HDR) and low-dose-rate (LDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for the treatment of cervical cancer.

Methods And Materials: We searched the PubMed database for articles and the related referenced articles that compared HDR-ICBT and LDR-ICBT. A total of 15 published articles, 3 prospective randomized trials, and 12 retrospective studies performed between 1966 and December 2013 were selected using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria for each study.

A magnetic resonance imaging study on changes in rat mandibular bone marrow and pulp tissue after high-dose irradiation.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is appropriate for detecting early changes in the mandibular bone marrow and pulp tissue of rats after high-dose irradiation.

Materials And Methods: The right mandibles of Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with 10 Gy (Group 1, n=5) and 20 Gy (Group 2, n=5). Five non-irradiated animals were used as controls.

The role of autophagy induced by pemetrexed in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Autophagy is known as an important regulatory mediator for cell survival or death and its important role in cancer. Pemetrexed (PTX) has been used in chemotherapy for lung cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully clarified.

Autophagy induction by low-dose cisplatin: the role of p53 in autophagy.

The majority of chemotherapy treatments for lung cancer use cisplatin; however, its use is limited as it has several side-effects. Autophagy (or type II cell death) is an important mechanism by which programmed cell death occurs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether low-dose cisplatin treatment induces autophagy in lung cancer cells.

Combination treatment with arsenic trioxide and sulindac enhances apoptotic cell death in lung cancer cells via activation of oxidative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinases.

Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been introduced to the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and has also been shown to induce apoptosis in a variety of solid tumor cell lines, including non-small cell lung cancer. However, the prohibitively high concentration required for the induction of apoptotic cell death in many solid tumor cells is unacceptable for clinical utilization due to the excessive toxicity associated with this dose. Sulindac is known to enhance the cellular responsiveness of tumors toward chemotherapeutic drugs.

Recombinant human epidermal growth factor accelerates recovery of mouse small intestinal mucosa after radiation damage.

Purpose: To determine whether systemically administered recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) accelerates the recovery of mouse small intestinal mucosa after irradiation.

Methods And Materials: A mouse mucosal damage model was established by administering radiation to male BALB/c mice with a single dose of 15 Gy applied to the abdomen. After irradiation, rhEGF was administered subcutaneously at various doses (0.

Preliminary results of a phase I/II study of simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy for nondisseminated nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: To present preliminary results of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with the simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy (SMART) boost technique in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods And Materials: Twenty patients who underwent IMRT for nondisseminated NPC at the Asan Medical Center between September 2001 and December 2003 were prospectively evaluated. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy was delivered with the "step and shoot" SMART technique at prescribed doses of 72 Gy (2.

Expression of Ku80 correlates with sensitivities to radiation in cancer cell lines of the head and neck.

The Ku protein is essential for the repair of a majority of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the expression of Ku70/80 and sensitivity to radiation in cancer cell lines of the head and neck. The sensitivity to radiation in various head and neck cancer cell lines (AMC-HN-1 to -9) was analyzed by colony forming assay.

Primary NK/T cell lymphoma of the testis. A case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of aggressive 'nasal type' natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma initially presenting as a testicular tumor in a Korean man, which quickly took a fatal course by widespread dissemination. Histologically, the testicular mass showed a diffuse dense infiltrate of medium-sized and atypical large lymphoid cells with angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration and areas of coagulative necrosis on hematoxylin-eosin stained sections. Immunophenotyping by immunohistochemistry yielded surface markers consistent with NK/T cell lymphoma.

Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor in Stage IB carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Purpose: To clarify the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression as an independent prognostic factor in Stage IB cervical cancer.

Methods And Materials: A total of 117 patients with Stage IB cervical cancer who had undergone radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection with complete histopathologic examination were included. Eighty-eight (75.

Intensity modulation technique using the complementary boost-fields for ethmoid sinus cancer.

Purpose: To explore a static intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique of a more homogeneous isodose distribution to an irregular-shaped tumour of the ethmoid sinus, with concomitantly sparing the adjacent critical normal organs including the orbit.

Methods And Materials: We conducted a static IMRT technique adding 2 or smaller complementary boost-fields to the underdosed volume in the PTV, which resulted from complete blocking of the orbits in all coplanar or non-coplanar main ports of the standard 3-D CRT. The standard 3-D CRT plans (Plan A) and IMRT plans adding complementary boost fields (Plan B) were established for 10 patients with ethmoid sinus cancer.