A Positive Regulatory Feedback Loop between EKLF/KLF1 and TAL1/SCL Sustaining the Erythropoiesis.

The erythroid Krüppel-like factor EKLF/KLF1 is a hematopoietic transcription factor binding to the CACCC DNA motif and participating in the regulation of erythroid differentiation. With combined use of microarray-based gene expression profiling and the promoter-based ChIP-chip assay of E14.5 fetal liver cells from wild type (WT) and EKLF-knockout () mouse embryos, we identified the pathways and direct target genes activated or repressed by EKLF.

Comorbidity of Narcolepsy and Psychotic Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.

Background: Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder that is likely to have neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Psychotic disorders are characterized by delusion, hallucination, and reality impairments. This study investigates the relationship between narcolepsy and psychotic disorders.

Association of Bone Metastasis With Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Women With and Without Precancer Osteoporosis According to Osteoporosis Therapy Status.

Importance: Deaths from cancer are attributed more to secondary than primary tumors, but the pathogenesis of organ-specific cancer metastasis has not been determined.

Objective: To investigate whether precancer osteoporosis and osteoporosis therapy are associated with alteration of bone metastasis patterns.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This nationwide retrospective cohort study was performed from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2013, using 2 cohorts from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database: a random sample of 1 million beneficiaries from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database who were enrolled in 2005 (LHID2005) and a specific data set of all the patients with osteoporosis.

Testicular Function After Long-Term Methylphenidate Treatment in Boys with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with methylphenidate (MPH) has become increasingly common, while both animal studies and case reports have previously suggested that MPH may exert adverse effects on the reproductive system or gonadal hormones. This study aims to investigate whether long-term MPH treatment of boys with ADHD can induce testicular dysfunction (TD). A nationwide cohort that included 59,746 boys diagnosed with ADHD and 52,008 healthy subjects retrieved from the National Health Insurance database in Taiwan was also observed between 1999 and 2011.

Impact of Drug Adherence on Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder Among Patients With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be a predecessor of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD), and medication is an effective treatment option for ADHD. This study aims to examine whether adherence to medication treatment is associated with developing ODD and CD among youths with ADHD.

Methods: A total of 33,835 youths (4 years ≤ age of diagnosis ≤ 18 years) with ADHD (ICD-9-CM code 314.

Correlation between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, its pharmacotherapy and thyroid dysfunction: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the comorbid rates of thyroid dysfunction among patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the general population. We further examined whether pharmacotherapy affects ADHD patients' risk of developing thyroid dysfunction.

Design And Measurement: We recruited 75 247 newly diagnosed ADHD patient and 75 247 healthy controls between January 1999 and December 2011 from the National Health Insurance database in Taiwan.

Serum Glutamine Levels as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker in Sepsis following Surgery for Peritonitis.

Few diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis after emergency peritonitis surgery are available to clinicians, and, thus, it is important to develop new biomarkers for patients undergoing this procedure. We investigated whether serum glutamine and selenium levels could be diagnostic biomarkers of sepsis in individuals recovering from emergency peritonitis surgery. From February 2012 to March 2013, patients who had peritonitis diagnosed at the emergency department and underwent emergency surgery were screened for eligibility.

Comorbidity of narcolepsy and depressive disorders: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Objective: Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder that is likely to have neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Depression is a serious mood disorder that affects individuals' daily activities and functions. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between narcolepsy and depressive disorders.

Trend, characteristics, and pharmacotherapy of adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide survey in Taiwan.

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults may result in functional impairment warranting clinical interventions. However, few studies have investigated the diagnosis and treatment rates of adult ADHD in non-Caucasian ethnic groups. This study used nationwide population-based data to investigate the rate of diagnosis, associated characteristics, and pharmacological treatment for adult ADHD in Taiwan.

Initiation and Persistence of Pharmacotherapy for Youths with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Taiwan.

Background: Pharmacotherapy is an effective therapeutic option for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Understanding the patterns of medication treatment is crucial for clinical practice. This study employed nationwide population-based data to elucidate the initiation and persistence of pharmacotherapy (immediate-release methylphenidate [IR-MPH], osmotic controlled-release formulations of methylphenidate [OROS-MPH] and atomoxetine [ATX]) for youths with ADHD in Taiwan.

Seasonal Patterns of Medications for Treating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Comparison of Methylphenidate and Atomoxetine.

Purpose: Medication is a first-line effective treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Currently, immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH), the osmotic, controlled-release formulation of methylphenidate (OROS-MPH), and atomoxetine (ATX) are the only 3 medications approved in Taiwan for the treatment of ADHD. Short-term discontinuation of ADHD treatment is often seen among patients undergoing drug therapy.

Risk of Mortality Among Patients Treated With Antipsychotic Medications: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.

In this nationwide population-based study, we examined whether haloperidol exposure is associated with a higher risk of mortality than are other antipsychotic medications. Patients who newly received monotherapy with chlorpromazine (n = 2133), haloperidol (n = 4454), quetiapine (n = 1513), and risperidone (n = 1046) between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2011, were selected from a random sample of the 1 million enrollees of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The association between antipsychotic prescription and mortality was estimated through Cox proportional hazard regression.

Impact of negative media publicity on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication in Taiwan.

Purpose: This study explores trends in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications in Taiwan from 2000 to 2011 and whether negative media coverage of Ritalin in January 2010 impacted ADHD prescriptions throughout the country.

Method: Patients throughout Taiwan who had been newly diagnosed with ADHD (n = 145,269) between January 2000 and December 2011 were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database as subjects for this study. We analyzed monthly and yearly data on person-days of treatment with immediate-release methylphenidate (IR-MPH), osmotic controlled-release formulation of methylphenidate (OROS-MPH), and atomoxetine (ATX) using linear models of curve estimation and the time series expert modeler.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, its pharmacotherapy, and the risk of developing bipolar disorder: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Unlabelled: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during childhood and subsequent diagnoses of bipolar disorder (BD), as well as to determine whether the pharmacotherapy for ADHD (methylphenidate and atomoxetine) influence the risks of developing BD. A nationwide cohort of patients newly diagnosed with ADHD (n = 144,920) and age- and gender-matching controls (n = 144,920) were found in Taiwan's National Health Insurance database from January 2000 to December 2011. Both patients and controls were observed until December 31, 2011.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, its treatment with medication and the probability of developing a depressive disorder: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the risk of developing depressive disorders by evaluating children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in comparison to controls that do not have ADHD, as well as to analyze whether the medications used to treat ADHD, methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX), influence the risk of depression.

Methods: A group of patients newly diagnosed with ADHD (n=71,080) and age- and gender-matching controls (n=71,080) were chosen from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database during the period of January 2000 to December 2011. Both the patients and controls were monitored through December 31, 2011.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate use and the risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

This study estimated the risk of developing psychotic disorders by comparing children with ADHD to non-ADHD controls, and to examine whether methylphenidate (MPH) treatment influences the risks of psychotic disorders. A nationwide cohort of patients who were newly diagnosed with ADHD (n=73,049) and age- and gender-matched controls (n=73,049) were selected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database from January 2000 to December 2011. All participants were observed until December 31, 2011.

Clustered genomic alterations in chromosome 7p dictate outcomes and targeted treatment responses of lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-activating mutations.

Purpose: Although epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been proven more effective for patients with lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR-activating mutation rather than wild type, the former group still includes approximately 30% nonresponders. The molecular basis of this substantial response heterogeneity is unknown. Our purpose was to seek molecular aberrations contributing to disease progression at the genome-wide level and identify the prognostic signature unique to patients with EGFR-activating mutation.