Exome Sequencing Identified Susceptible Genes for High Residual Risks in Early-Onset Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease.

Aims: Despite the tremendous improvement in therapeutic medication and intervention for coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD), residual risks remain. Exome sequencing enables identification of rare variants and susceptibility genes for residual risks of early-onset coronary atherosclerotic disease (EOCAD) with well-controlled conventional risk factors.

Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing of subjects who had no conventional risk factors, defined as higher body mass index, smoking, hypertension and dyslipidemia, screened from 1950 patients with EOCAD (age ≤ 45 years, at least 50% stenosis of coronary artery by angiography), and selected control subjects from 1006 elder (age ≥ 65 years) with < 30% coronary stenosis.

Moisture Distribution and Ice Front Identification in Freezing Soil Using an Optimized Circular Capacitance Sensor.

As the interface between frozen and unfrozen soil, the ice front is not only a spatial location concept, but also a potentially dangerous interface where the mechanical properties of soil could change abruptly. Accurately identifying its spatial position is essential for the safe and efficient execution of large-scale frozen soil engineering projects. Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is a promising method for the visualization of frozen soil due to its non-invasive nature, low cast, and rapid response.

Terminalia Chebula Extract Replacing Zinc Oxide Enhances Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Capabilities, Improves Growth Performance, and Promotes Intestinal Health in Weaned Piglets.

This study aimed to assess the effects of substituting zinc oxide with terminalia chebula extract (TCE) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and intestinal health in weaned pigs. Initially, 72 weaned Duroc × Landrace × Large White piglets, 28 days old with an initial weight of 7.43 ± 0.

Key Factors of Uniform Polarization Reversal Barrier in Wurtzite Materials Utilizing Machine Learning Methods.

Scandium-doped aluminum nitride with a wurtzite structure has emerged as a promising ferroelectric material due to its exceptional physical and chemical properties and its compatibility with existing processing techniques. However, its high coercive voltage presents a substantial challenge for its potential applications. To effectively reduce this high coercive voltage, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the factors governing polarization reversal processes.

Unraveling the role of bisphenol A in osteosarcoma biology: insights into prognosis and immune microenvironment modulation.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common environmental pollutant, and its specific mechanisms in cancer development and its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment are not yet fully understood.

Methods: Transcriptome data from osteosarcoma (OS) patients were downloaded from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. BPA-related genes were identified through the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), yielding 177 genes.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Membrane-Camouflaged Liposomes for Biomimetic Delivery of Cyclosporine A for Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Prevention.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a prevalent issue during liver resection and transplantation, with currently no cure or FDA-approved therapy. A promising drug, Cyclosporin A (CsA), ameliorates HIRI by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis but has systemic side effects due to its low bioavailability and high dosage requirements. This study introduces a biomimetic CsA delivery system that directly targets hepatic lesions using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) membrane-camouflaged liposomes.

Association between hemoglobin and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in United States adults: Results from NHANES 2017-2020.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a chronic liver condition of increasing prevalence, is closely related to various metabolic disorders. Hemoglobin, a protein that transports oxygen in red blood cells, is the focus of this study, which seeks to investigate its potential association with NAFLD.

Methods: We selected 6,516 eligible adult participants from the United States using the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database for cross-sectional analyses.

Unraveling the relationship between serum parathyroid hormone levels and trabecular bone score: a cross-sectional study.

The TBS is a new method for clinicians to assess the bone quality. It is directly related to the mechanical strength of bone and helps predict fracture risk. The present analysis aimed to investigate the associations between serum PTH levels and TBS by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Hidden Blood Loss in Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PE-TLIF) has become one of the most popular minimally invasive surgeries today. However, the issue of hidden blood loss (HBL) in this surgery has received little attention. This study aims to examine the HBL in PE-TLIF surgery and the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss.

Effects of Dietary l-Glutamine Supplementation on the Intestinal Function and Muscle Growth of Piglets.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary l-glutamine (Gln) supplementation on the morphology and function of the intestine and the growth of muscle in piglets. In this study, sixteen 21-day-old piglets were randomly divided into two groups: the Control group (fed a basal diet) and the Gln group (fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.81% Gln).

Tumour response following preoperative chemotherapy is affected by body mass index in patients with colorectal liver metastases.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy globally and ranks second in cancer-related mortality, with the liver being the primary organ of metastasis. Preoperative chemotherapy is widely recommended for initially or potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). Tumour pathological response serves as the most important and intuitive indicator for assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Dietary fat and high energy density diet: Influence on intestinal health, oxidative stress and performance of weaned piglets.

The utilization of dietary components to support gut function and the health of young animals is an important factor for improved performance. The influence of high dietary fat levels in a low or high energy density diet on the performance of weaned piglets in relation to intestinal absorptive function, amino acid utilization, oxidative stress, and microbial metabolites was assessed in this study. The study examined the effect of two different diets containing either a low energy density/high-fat level or a high energy density/high-fat level.

Diarrhea induced by insufficient fat absorption in weaned piglets: Causes and nutrition regulation.

Fat is one of the three macronutrients and a significant energy source for piglets. It plays a positive role in maintaining intestinal health and improving production performance. During the weaning period, physiological, stress and diet-related factors influence the absorption of fat in piglets, leading to damage to the intestinal barrier, diarrhea and even death.

Meta-analysis and machine learning reveal the antiobesity effects of melatonin on obese rodents.

Melatonin appears to be a promising supplement for obesity treatment. The antiobesity effects of melatonin on obese rodents are influenced by various factors, including the species, sex, the dosage of melatonin, treatment duration, administration via, daily treatment time, and initial body weight (IBW). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis and machine learning study to evaluate the antiobesity effect of melatonin on obese mice or rats from 31 publications.

Myocardial infarction drives trained immunity of monocytes, accelerating atherosclerosis.

Background And Aims: Survivors of acute coronary syndromes face an elevated risk of recurrent atherosclerosis-related vascular events despite advanced medical treatments. The underlying causes remain unclear. This study aims to investigate whether myocardial infarction (MI)-induced trained immunity in monocytes could sustain proatherogenic traits and expedite atherosclerosis.

Multidimensional analysis to elucidate the possible mechanism of bone metastasis in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) patients tend to suffer from distant metastasis, especially bone metastasis.

Methods: All the analysis based on open-accessed data was performed in R software, dependent on multiple algorithms and packages. The RNA levels of specific genes were detected using quantitative Real-time PCR as a method of detecting the RNA levels.

Plant-derived squalene supplementation improves growth performance and alleviates acute oxidative stress-induced growth retardation and intestinal damage in piglets.

Piglets are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress, which causes inferior growth performance and intestinal damage. Squalene (SQ), a natural bioactive substance enriched in shark liver oil, shows excellent antioxidant properties and can currently be obtained at a low cost from deodorizer distillate during the production of plant oil. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant-derived SQ supplementation on the growth performance of piglets and explore the beneficial roles of SQ against oxidative stress and intestinal injury in diquat-challenged piglets.

Ecological drought monitoring of Inner Mongolia vegetation growing season based on kernel temperature vegetation drought index (kTVDI).

Ecological drought monitoring is important for regional status assessment and protection of water resources. In this study, we constructed a new ecological drought index, the kernel temperature vegetation drought index (kTVDI), by using the kernel normalized vegetation index (kNDVI) to improve the temperature vegetation drought index (TVDI) in Inner Mongolia. We further analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of ecological drought in Inner Mongolia during 2000-2022 and the future trend of ecological drought by using segmented linear regression model, Theil-Sen median, Mann-Kendall test, and Hurst index.

Machine learning-based identification of CYBB and FCAR as potential neutrophil extracellular trap-related treatment targets in sepsis.

Objective: Sepsis related injury has gradually become the main cause of death in non-cardiac patients in intensive care units, but the underlying pathological and physiological mechanisms remain unclear. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (SEPSIS-3) definition emphasized organ dysfunction caused by infection. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can cause inflammation and have key roles in sepsis organ failure; however, the role of NETs-related genes in sepsis is unknown.

Exploring indicators of success in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention with Stingray system-based antegrade dissection re-entry: Insights from retrospective analysis.

Background: The predictors of success of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through antegrade dissection and re-entry (ADR) using the Stingray system (Stingray ADR) remain elusive, mainly owing to the lack of consecutive angiographic and procedural records of patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify indicators that can determine the success of CTO PCI performed using the Stingray ADR technique.

Methods: The clinical data of 115 patients who underwent CTO PCI through Stingray ADR at the same cardiac center were retrospectively and consecutively collected.

Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with severe obstructive coronary artery disease and atherosclerotic target lesion failure among young adults.

Background: Early diagnosis and treatment effectiveness of early-onset coronary artery disease (EOCAD) are crucial, and non-invasive predictive biomarkers are needed for young adults. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel marker of insulin resistance, in identifying young CAD patients and predicting their risk of developing target lesion failure (TLF).

Methods: We recruited EOCAD patients (luminal narrowing ≥ 70%) and controls free from CAD (luminal narrowing < 30%), both aged 45 years or younger, from 38 hospitals in China between 2017 and 2020.