Advances in gelatin-based hydrogels for wound management.

Skin wounds can be classified into two categories, namely acute and chronic wounds. While acute wounds are healed by the normal wound healing process, chronic wounds are not normally healed, causing inflammation, pain, discomfort, serious complications, and economic burden owing to treatment costs. To alleviate and treat chronic wounds, various biomaterials have been developed.

Medical Malpractice Lawsuits Involving Anesthesiology Residents: An Analysis of the National Westlaw Database.

Background: Medical specialties have evaluated malpractice claims in residents, but to the best of our knowledge, malpractice claims have not been evaluated in anesthesiology residents.

Methods: The Westlaw legal database was queried for all malpractice litigation cases involving anesthesiology residents in the United States from January 1959 through December 2018. The cases were divided into 2 cohorts by year (before and after 1990) to account for the differences in patient safety features and monitoring available in the different time periods.

Abdominal Drainage in the Prevention and Management of Major Intra-Abdominal Complications after Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Carcinoma.

Purpose: The role of prophylactic abdominal drainage in total gastrectomy is not well-established. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of abdominal drainage in the prevention and management of major intra-abdominal complications after total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 499 patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma in a high-volume institution.

Associations of physiologic myocardial F-FDG uptake with fasting duration, HbA1c, and regular exercise.

Objective: The variability of physiologic F-FDG uptake in the myocardium has hampered the accurate evaluation of cardiac glucose metabolism. We investigated the effects of multiple factors, including fasting duration and physical activity, on the physiologic uptake of F-FDG by the myocardium in healthy participants.

Methods: A total of 446 participants (predominantly male, 91%) in a health screening program were included in this retrospective study.

(Fungi, Sordariomycetes), a new species from in northern Thailand.

Background: Species of the fungal genus (Sordariomycetes, Amphisphaeriales, Apiosporaceae) are often found on bamboo in Asia. They are endophytes, saprobes and important plant pathogens. The genus currently contains 92 species and is widely distributed in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Oceania.

Inhibitory Activity of -Derived 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Vanillic Acid on the Type III Secretion System of pv. DC3000.

The type III secretion system (T3SS) is a key virulence determinant in the infection process of pv. DC3000 ( DC3000). Pathogen constructs a type III apparatus to translocate effector proteins into host cells, which have various roles in pathogenesis.

Synergistic Interactions of Schizostatin Identified from with Demethylation Inhibitor Fungicides.

, which causes gray mold disease in more than 200 plant species, is an economically important pathogen that is mainly controlled by synthetic fungicides. Synergistic fungicide mixtures can help reduce fungicide residues in the environment and mitigate the development of fungicide-resistant strains. In this study, we screened microbial culture extracts on to identify an antifungal synergist for tebuconazole.

FRZB as a key molecule in abdominal aortic aneurysm progression affecting vascular integrity.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), when ruptured, results in high mortality. The identification of molecular pathways involved in AAA progression is required to improve AAA prognosis. The aim of the present study was to assess the key genes for the progression of AAA and their functional role.

Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Frontal Assessment Battery test as a predictor of performance of unaffected hand function after subcortical stroke.

The objective of this study was to elucidate the association between unaffected hand function and cognitive impairment and to determine whether the cognitive screening test can be a predictor of unaffected upper limb function in patients with unilateral subcortical strokes. A retrospective study of 37 patients with unilateral first-ever subcortical stroke was conducted through a review of medical records. The unaffected hand function and cognitive screening tests were measured upon admission to the neurorehabilitation unit and then 4 weeks later at discharge.

Simplified Brain Organoids for Rapid and Robust Modeling of Brain Disease.

Although brain organoids are an innovative technique for studying human brain development and disease by replicating the structural and functional properties of the developing human brain, some limitations such as heterogeneity and long-term differentiation (over 2 months) impede their application in disease modeling and drug discovery. In this study, we established simplified brain organoids (simBOs), composed of mature neurons and astroglial cells from expandable hPSC-derived primitive neural stem cells (pNSCs). simBOs can be rapidly generated in 2 weeks and have more homogeneous properties.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the National PPM Tuberculosis Control Project in Korea: the Korean PPM Monitoring Database between July 2019 and June 2020.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused disruptions to healthcare systems and endangered the control and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). We investigated the nationwide effects of COVID-19 on the national Public-Private Mix (PPM) TB control project in Korea, using monitoring indicators from the Korean PPM monitoring database.

Methods: The Korean PPM monitoring database includes data from patients registered at PPM hospitals throughout the country.

AML poor prognosis factor, TPD52, is associated with the maintenance of haematopoietic stem cells through regulation of cell proliferation.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a blood cancer where undifferentiated myeloid cells are increased in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. As AML is dangerous and shows poor prognosis, many researchers categorised the relevant cytogenetic factors according to risk and prognosis. However, the specific reasons for poor cytogenetic factors remain unknown.

Cholinergic dysfunction in the dorsal striatum promotes habit formation and maladaptive eating.

Dysregulation of habit formation has been recently proposed as pivotal to eating disorders. Here, we report that a subset of patients suffering from restrictive anorexia nervosa have enhanced habit formation compared with healthy controls. Habit formation is modulated by striatal cholinergic interneurons.

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the cancer microenvironment play an essential role in metastasis. Differentiation of endothelial cells into CAFs is induced by cancer cell-derived exosomes secreted from cancer cells that transfer molecular signals to surrounding cells. Differentiated CAFs facilitate migration of cancer cells to different regions through promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) modifications.

Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease with portal hypertension versus liver cirrhosis: differences in imaging features on CT and hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced MRI.

Purpose: To differentiate the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) and liver cirrhosis (LC).

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study of patients with PSVD matched in a 1:3 ratio with LC patients according to liver function, initial diagnosis and time to final diagnosis were analyzed. Imaging features on CT and the parenchymal enhancement on hepatobiliary phase of hepatobiliary agent-enhanced MRI (HBA-MRI) were compared using a generalized linear mixed model.

The benefits of enhanced recovery after surgery for gastric cancer: A large before-and-after propensity score matching study.

Background & Aims: The benefits of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in patients undergoing gastrectomy have been reported in several studies; however, there is limited evidence supporting the efficacy of ERAS in clinical settings. We aimed to identify the benefits of ERAS in the clinical setting by investigating short-term surgical outcomes before and after the implementation of ERAS in patients who underwent gastrectomy.

Methods: We searched our gastric cancer database from 2008 to 2018 to identify patients who underwent gastrectomy before ERAS was implemented (2008-2009) and after the final version of ERAS was implemented (2016-2018).

MicroRNA-31 Regulates Expression of in Both and Human Oral Cancer Cells.

Recent comparative studies have indicated distinct expression profiles of short, non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) in various types of cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this study, we employed a hybrid approach using as well as OSCC cell lines to validate putative targets of oral cancer-related miRNAs both in vivo and in vitro. Following overexpression of miR-31, we found a significant decrease in the size of the imaginal wing discs and downregulation of a subset of putative targets, including (), an important regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway.

Identification of prognostic mRNAs in metastatic cutaneous melanoma.

Cutaneous melanoma is the most common cause of skin cancer-related deaths worldwide. There is an urgent need to identify prognostic biomarkers to facilitate decision-making for treatment of metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Gene expression microarrays and RNA-seq technology have recently improved or changed current prognostic and therapeutic strategies for several cancers.

Emerging Roles of USP18: From Biology to Pathophysiology.

Eukaryotic proteomes are enormously sophisticated through versatile post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins. A large variety of code generated via PTMs of proteins by ubiquitin (ubiquitination) and ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls), such as interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 8 (NEDD8), not only provides distinct signals but also orchestrates a plethora of biological processes, thereby underscoring the necessity for sophisticated and fine-tuned mechanisms of code regulation. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) play a pivotal role in the disassembly of the complex code and removal of the signal.

Nanoelectrical characterization of individual exosomes secreted by Aβ-ingested cells using electrostatic force microscopy.

Quantifying the physical properties of individual exosomes containing amyloid-β (Aβ) is crucial for a better understanding of an underpinning mechanism of Alzheimer's disease expression which is associated with the Aβ transfer. Because of the lack of proper tools, however, there have been very few studies on how the amount of Aβ affects the physical properties of exosomes. To answer the question, we investigated the physical properties of exosomes secreted by neuroblastoma by probing individual exosomes using electrostatic force microscopy.

Xeno-Free Condition Enhances Therapeutic Functions of Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Experimental Colitis by Upregulated Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity.

The therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been actively explored due to their broad anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, the use of xenogeneic components, including fetal bovine serum (FBS), in the expansion media might pose a risk of xenoimmunization and zoonotic transmission to post-transplanted patients. Here, we extensively compared the physiological functions of human Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) in a xeno-free medium (XF-MSCs) and a medium containing 10% FBS (10%-MSCs).

CT-determined resectability of borderline resectable and unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma following FOLFIRINOX therapy.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the ability of CT-determined resectability, as defined by a recent version of NCCN criteria, and associated CT findings to predict margin-negative (R0) resection in patients with PDAC after neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy.

Methods: Sixty-four patients (36 men and 28 women; mean age, 58.8 years) with borderline resectable or unresectable PDAC who received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX were evaluated retrospectively.

Multiparametric MRI for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX therapy in borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Objectives: To identify multiparametric MRI biomarkers to predict the tumor response to neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX therapy in patients with borderline resectable (BR) or locally advanced (LA) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: From May 2016 to March 2018, adult patients with BR or LA PDAC were prospectively enrolled in this study. They received eight cycles of FOLFIRINOX therapy and underwent multiparametric MRI twice (at baseline and after the second cycle).