Mechanical bowel preparation combined with oral antibiotics in colorectal cancer surgery: a nationwide population-based study.

Background: The guidelines for reducing surgical site infection in colorectal surgery recommend mechanical bowel preparation with oral antibiotics; however, this recommendation remains controversial. This study aimed to reveal the effect of oral antibiotics combined with mechanical bowel preparation in colorectal surgery.

Methods: This study was a nationwide population-based retrospective study.

Conservative treatment of uncomplicated right-sided diverticulitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Right-sided diverticulitis has different epidemiologic features compared to left-sided diverticulitis. However, data on the appropriate treatment of right-sided diverticulitis are lacking. This systematic review aimed to examine the outcomes of conservative treatment for uncomplicated right-sided diverticulitis.

Complications Following the Use of Biologic Mesh in Ileostomy Closure: A Retrospective, Comparative Study.

Unlabelled: Prophylactic placement of mesh in the abdominal wall during ileostomy closure can decrease the rate of hernia formation. However, few studies have evaluated the safety of biologic mesh in ileostomy closure.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the safety of biologic mesh in ileostomy closure, specifically the need to remove the mesh due to infection.

Prognostic value of B-cell linker protein in colorectal cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic impact of B-cell linker (BLNK) protein expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) as its function in CRC remains unexplored. We performed immunohistochemical staining for BLNK using tissue microarrays of 418 consecutive CRC samples; of these 10 were excluded due to inappropriate staining. The expression intensity and staining level was scored as 0-3 and 0-4, respectively, based on the percentage of positive cells.

Comprehensive Analysis of Somatic Mutations in Colorectal Cancer With Peritoneal Metastasis.

Background: To analyze for genetic mutations which may presage peritoneal metastasis by using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Materials And Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor specimens were obtained from 10 patients with small obstructing colorectal cancer and peritoneal metastasis (group A) and five with large non-obstructing colorectal cancer and no recurrence (group B). DNA was extracted for the sequencing of 409 cancer genes.

The usefulness of the status of extranodal tumor extension as a factor that can predict the recurrence of stage III colorectal cancer.

Extranodal tumor extension (ENTE) is considered a poor prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for recurrence according to ENTE status in stage III CRC. We retrospectively evaluated 169 consecutive stage III CRC patients.

Loss of Wnt7a expression correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in colorectal carcinoma.

Wnt7a is a known tumor suppressor gene in non-small cell lung cancer that regulates normal cellular proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of Wnt7a expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Wnt7a expression was immunohistochemically examined in 46 normal colorectal tissues, 47 tubular adenomas, 393 adenocarcinomas, and 93 lymph node metastases.

Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression Is a Predictive Marker for Late Recurrence in Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, data about the relation between COX-2 expression and the impact on the biologic behavior of recurrent disease are inconclusive as yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the status of COX-2 expression in the primary CRC and the characteristics of recurrence after curative resection of stage I to III CRC.

Higher visceral fat area/subcutaneous fat area ratio measured by computed tomography is associated with recurrence and poor survival in patients with mid and low rectal cancers.

Purpose: Obesity is thought to influence postoperative complications and recurrence of mid and low rectal cancer (MLRC) because of intraoperative technical difficulties. However, few reports have described the relationship between obesity indices and the clinical outcomes of MLRC. This study aimed to investigate the association between visceral obesity on computed tomography (CT) and oncolofical outcomes after surgery for MLRC and identify the obesity index that most accurately reflects clinical outcomes.

Loss of APAF-1 expression is associated with early recurrence in stage I, II, and III colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (APAF-1) is a key regulator in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and an important diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker. Loss of APAF-1 expression has been observed in various tumors including colorectal cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between loss of APAF-1 expression and early recurrence of stage I-III colorectal cancer.

Visceral Obesity Predicts Fewer Lymph Node Metastases and Better Overall Survival in Colon Cancer.

Background: The relationship between visceral obesity and colon cancer outcome has not been well studied. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of visceral obesity on lymph node (LN) metastasis and overall survival (OS) in colon cancer.

Materials And Methods: Metastatic LN ratio (MLR) was defined as the number of involved nodes by tumor divided by the total number of resected LNs.

Immunohistochemical expression of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.

The role of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) appears to vary with the type of malignant tumors and is still controversial. The purpose of our study was to clarify the exact role of DUSP4 expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma. We constructed tissue microarrays and investigated DUSP4 expression by immunohistochemistry.

The use of indocyanine green fluorescence to assess anastomotic perfusion during robotic assisted laparoscopic rectal surgery.

Background: Decreased blood perfusion at an intestinal anastomosis may contribute to postoperative anastomotic leak (AL) resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. Near-infrared (NIR) laparoscopy in conjunction with indocyanine green (ICG) allows for visualization of the microcirculation before formation of the anastomosis, thereby allowing the surgeon to choose the point of transection at an optimally perfused area.

Methods: This is a retrospective case-control analysis examining the effectiveness of NIR + ICG in reducing the rate of AL after low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer.

Short- and long-term outcomes of intracorporeal versus extracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer.

Background: We assessed the short- and long-term outcomes of intracorporeal ileocolic anastomosis (IA) in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer compared with extracorporeal anastomosis (EA).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 86 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer from March 2005 to June 2010 was performed.

Results: There were 51 and 35 patients who underwent intracorporeal and extracorporeal anastomosis, respectively.

Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is effective enough in colorectal surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) is equally effective when patients receive single-dose (SD) or three-dose antibiotic prophylaxis with second-generation cephalosporin and metronidazole in elective colorectal surgery.

Methods: Ninety-three patients were enrolled from May 2009 to November 2010. The SD group received only one preoperative prophylactic intravenous dose and the three-dose or multiple-dose (MD) group received one preoperative prophylactic and two additional post-operative doses of second-generation cephalosporin and metronidazole.

Clinicopathological significance of CADM4 expression, and its correlation with expression of E-cadherin and Ki-67 in colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Aims: Cell adhesion molecule 4 (CADM4) is a novel tumour suppressor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between its expression and the expression of E-cadherin and Ki-67 in colorectal adenocarcinomas, as well as its effect on patient survival.

Methods: We evaluated CADM4 expression in tissue microarrays of 513 colorectal adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry.

Microsatellite instability is associated with the clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer in sporadic gastric cancer patients.

Purpose: Replication error is an important mechanism in carcinogenesis. The microsatellite instability (MSI-H) of colorectal cancers is associated with the development of multiple cancers. The influence of MSI-H on the development of multiple gastric cancers in sporadic gastric cancer patients has not been defined.

Smad4 may help to identify a subset of colorectal cancer patients with early recurrence after curative therapy.

Background/aims: Loss of Smad4 function is associated with the acquisition of advanced colorectal cancer phenotypes. We investigated the role of Smad4 as a prognostic marker after curative therapy.

Methodology: Four hundred and twenty nine consecutive colorectal cancers were analyzed by tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical assay.

Clinicopathologic significance of GLUT1 expression and its correlation with Apaf-1 in colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Aim: To investigate the role of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression in colorectal carcinogenesis and evaluate the correlation with clinicopathological parameters and apoptosis-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas.

Methods: We used tissue microarrays consisting of 26 normal mucosa, 50 adenomas, 515 adenocarcinomas, and 127 metastatic lesions. Medical records were reviewed and clinicopathological analysis was performed.

Clinical usefulness of preoperative and postoperative chest computed tomography for colorectal cancer.

Purpose: This research sought to identify the utility value of chest computed tomography (CT) when it comes to the diagnosis of lung metastasis in cases of colorectal cancer.

Methods: From September 2004 to January 2008, 266 patients who were treated for colorectal cancer at Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, were divided into two groups: one that underwent preoperative and postoperative periodical chest CT (periodical inspection group, PIG; May 2006 to January 2008, 135 patients) and one that did not undergo periodical chest CT (non-periodical inspection group, NPIG; September 2004 to April 2006, 131 patients) for comparison.

Results: The overall lung metastasis diagnosis rates did not manifest any significant difference.

Clinicopathological significance of nuclear PTEN expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Aims: Tumour suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is an important negative regulator for the PIP3/Akt signalling pathway that promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. Inactivation of PTEN by mutation, deletion and promoter hypermethylation has been demonstrated in a range of cancers. The aim was to investigate whether the loss of nuclear PTEN protein expression correlates with conventional clinicopathological parameters and patient survival.

The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on stage IV (T4N1-3M0 and T1-3N3M0) gastric cancer.

Purpose: The optimal chemotherapeutic strategy for gastric cancer patients has not been determined, especially with respect to stage and the curability of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of adjuvant chemotherapy on stage IV (T4N1-3M0 and T1-3N3M0) gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy between a chemotherapy (CTX) group and non-chemotherapy (non-CTX) group.

Materials And Methods: Among 1,760 patients who underwent gastric surgery by 1 surgeon in a single institution, 162 stage IV gastric cancer patients with curative gastrectomy were analyzed retrospectively, excluding patients with TanyNanyM1.

Leptin expression correlates with favorable clinicopathologic phenotype and better prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is an adipocyte-derived neurohormone that regulates body fat storage and feeding behavior. Some studies have suggested that leptin has growth-factor-like functions in epithelial cells and its abnormal expression may be involved in cancer development and progression. We investigated leptin expression in normal and neoplastic colorectal tissues and its association with clinicopathological features and clinical outcome in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients.