Unforeseen current and future benefits of uncommon yeast: the Metschnikowia genus.

Metschnikowia, the single-cell yeast form, is a genus of 85 species in the Saccharomycetales order that developed in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems after being found in 1899. This yeast is commonly used to control microbial populations in many biological and artificial conditions, such as fermentation. However, current study of Metschnikowia is limited to biological control features rather than researching on lucrative sectors such as beverage production, bioconversion manufacturing, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry.

Electron density dual-energy CT can improve the detection of lumbar disc herniation with higher image quality than standard and virtual non-calcium images.

Objectives: To compare the diagnostic performance and image quality of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with electron density (ED) image reconstruction with those of DECT with standard CT (SC) and virtual non-calcium (VNCa) image reconstructions, for diagnosing lumbar disc herniation (L-HIVD).

Methods: A total of 59 patients (354 intervertebral discs from T12/L1 to L5/S1; mean age, 60 years; 30 women and 29 men) who underwent DECT with spectral reconstruction and 3-T MRI within 2 weeks were enrolled between March 2021 and February 2022. Four radiologists independently assessed three image sets of randomized ED, SC, and VNCa images to detect L-HIVD at 8-week intervals.

Secondary metabolites and transcriptomic analysis of novel pulcherrimin producer KIOM G15050: A potent and safe food biocontrol agent.

, a novel endophytic yeast strain isolated from calyx, possesses strong antimicrobial activity. We investigated its potential use as an environmentally safe food biocontrol agent through genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Secondary metabolites were isolated from , followed by chemical structure elucidation, gene cluster identification, and RNA sequencing.

Deep-Learning-Based Automated Rotator Cuff Tear Screening in Three Planes of Shoulder MRI.

This study aimed to develop a screening model for rotator cuff tear detection in all three planes of routine shoulder MRI using a deep neural network. A total of 794 shoulder MRI scans (374 men and 420 women; aged 59 ± 11 years) were utilized. Three musculoskeletal radiologists labeled the rotator cuff tear.

T2 Black Synovitis in Musculoskeletal MRI: Disease Spectrum and Imaging Characteristics of Joint Diseases.

The synovium may be affected by a wide spectrum of disorders, including inflammatory, infectious, degenerative, traumatic, hemorrhagic, and tumorous conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable imaging modality to characterize synovial disorders. Most abnormal lesions appear as areas of nonspecific high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2-WI) due to high water content or increased perfusion.

Clinical Validation of an Artificial Intelligence Model for Detecting Distal Radius, Ulnar Styloid, and Scaphoid Fractures on Conventional Wrist Radiographs.

This study aimed to assess the feasibility and performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for detecting three common wrist fractures: distal radius, ulnar styloid process, and scaphoid. The AI model was trained with a dataset of 4432 images containing both fractured and non-fractured wrist images. In total, 593 subjects were included in the clinical test.

Aponeurotic expansion of the supraspinatus tendon and concomitant shoulder pathologies.

Objectives: We investigated the correlation of aponeurotic expansion of the supraspinatus tendon (AESST) with shoulder pathologies such as long head of biceps tendon (LHB), supraspinatus tendon (SST), and subscapularis tendon (SSc).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 47 healthy patients and 163 patients with shoulder symptoms from August 2014 to March 2021. First, the presence of AESST was evaluated based on Moser et al.

Ultrasonographic and strain elastographic features of epidermal cyst according to body location.

Background: There are not many studies on the differences of ultrasound (US) findings between epidermal cysts (ECs) located in the trunk and those in the extremities.

Purpose: To compare the sonographic findings of ECs according to location in the body (trunk vs. extremity) and evaluated the feasibility of strain elastography (SE).

Effect of MED-02 Containing Two Probiotic Strains, MG4231 and MG4244, on Body Fat Reduction in Overweight or Obese Subjects: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

MED-02 is a complex supplement containing two probiotic strains, MG4231 and MG4244, isolated from humans. The anti-obesity effects and safety profile of MED-02 were assessed in overweight and obese subjects. In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter study, 100 healthy obese and overweight subjects aged 19-65 years with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 31.

A Systematic Approach to Diagnosing Arthritis Based on Radiological Imaging.

Radiology plays a key role in the diagnosis of arthritis. We herein suggest an algorithmic approach to diagnosing arthritis. First, the number of joint involvements is reviewed.

Virtual non-contrast images from dual-energy CT angiography of the abdominal aorta and femoral arteries: comparison with true non-contrast CT images.

Objectives: To assess whether virtual non-contrast (VNC) computed tomography (CT) images acquired from dual-energy CT (DECT) have sufficient image quality to replace true non-contrast (TNC) CT images in CT angiography (CTAG).

Methods: This study enrolled 63 consecutive patients who underwent a CTAG that included a single-energy non-contrast scan, followed by a post-contrast DECT scan. Comparison of attenuation and noise between TNC and VNC images was made by drawing circular regions of interest (ROI) on a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) workstation within the aortic lumen at the levels of the renal arteries, the aortic bifurcation and right femoral artery.

A pilot study on deep learning-based grading of corners of vertebral bodies for assessment of radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Radiographs are widely used to evaluate radiographic progression with modified stoke ankylosing spondylitis spinal score (mSASSS).

Objective: This pilot study aimed to develop a deep learning model for grading the corners of the cervical and lumbar vertebral bodies for computer-aided detection of mSASSS in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: Digital radiographic examination of the spine was performed using Discovery XR656 (GE Healthcare) and Digital Diagnost (Philips).

Engineering Novel Aptameric Fluorescent Biosensors for Analysis of the Neurotoxic Environmental Contaminant Insecticide Diazinon from Real Vegetable and Fruit Samples.

Background: Diazinon is a widely used organophosphorus neurotoxic insecticide. It is a common environmental contaminant and a hazardous agri-waste. Its detection is critical to control entry into food systems and protect the environment.

Lumbar Spine Computed Tomography to Magnetic Resonance Imaging Synthesis Using Generative Adversarial Network: Visual Turing Test.

(1) Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of spinal diseases, especially degenerative spinal diseases. MRI is mainly used to diagnose most spinal diseases because it shows a higher resolution than CT to distinguish lesions of the spinal canals and intervertebral discs. When it is inevitable for CT to be selected instead of MR in evaluating spinal disease, evaluation of spinal disease may be limited.

Regularized Optimal Transport Based on an Adaptive Adjustment Method for Selecting the Scaling Parameters of Unscented Kalman Filters.

In this paper, an adaptation method for adjusting the scaling parameters of an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is proposed to improve the estimation performance of the filter in dynamic conditions. The proposed adaptation method is based on a sequential algorithm that selects the scaling parameter using the user-defined distribution of discrete sets to more effectively deal with the changing measurement distribution over time and avoid the additional process for training a filter model. The adaptation method employs regularized optimal transport (ROT), which compensates for the error of the predicted measurement with the current measurement values to select the proper scaling parameter.

Image Dehazing Using LiDAR Generated Grayscale Depth Prior.

In this paper, the dehazing algorithm is proposed using a one-channel grayscale depth image generated from a LiDAR point cloud 2D projection image. In depth image-based dehazing, the estimation of the scattering coefficient is the most important. Since scattering coefficients are used to estimate the transmission image for dehazing, the optimal coefficients for effective dehazing must be obtained depending on the level of haze generation.

Diagnostic performance of electron-density dual-energy CT in detection of cervical disc herniation in comparison with standard gray-scale CT and virtual non-calcium images.

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic performance of dual-energy CT (DECT) with electron-density (ED) image reconstruction compared with standard CT (SC) and virtual non-calcium (VNCa) image CT reconstruction for detecting cervical disc herniation.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was approved by the IRB. We enrolled 64 patients (336 intervertebral discs from C2/3 to C7/T1; mean age, 55 years; 17 women and 47 men) who underwent DECT with spectral reconstruction and 3-T MRI within 2 weeks between January 2018 and June 2020.

Difference between bone age at the hand and elbow at the onset of puberty.

In the pubertal period, bone age advances rapidly in conjunction with growth spurts. Precise bone-age assessments in this period are important, but results from the hand and elbow can be different. We aimed to compare the bone age between the hand and elbow around puberty onset and to elucidate the chronological age confirming puberty onset according to elbow-based bone age.

Development of novel fluorescence-based and label-free noncanonical G4-quadruplex-like DNA biosensor for facile, specific, and ultrasensitive detection of fipronil.

Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide widely used in agriculture and residential areas; its indiscriminate use leads to environmental pollution and poses health hazards. Early detection of fipronil is critical to prevent the deleterious effects. However, current insecticide analysis methods such as HPLC, LC/MS, and GC/MS are incompetent; they are costly, immobile, time-consuming, laborious, and need skilled technicians.

Whitening and inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation properties of the biotransformed green ginseng berry of new cultivar K1, ginsenoside Rg2 enriched, on B16 and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.

Background: Main bioactive constituents and pharmacological functions of ripened red ginseng berry ( Meyer) have been frequently reported. Yet, the research gap targeting the beneficial activities of transformed green ginseng berries has not reported elsewhere.

Methods: Ginsenosides of new green berry cultivar K-1 (GK-1) were identified by HPLC-QTOF/MS.