Annexin A5 Derived from Cell-free Fat Extract Attenuates Osteoarthritis via Macrophage Regulation.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging degenerative joint disease to manage. Previous research has indicated that cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) may hold potential for OA treatment. This study investigated the role of Annexin A5 (AnxA5) within CEFFE in regulating macrophage polarization and protecting chondrocytes.

Gender differences in the association between transitions in depressive symptoms and oral health among older adults with chronic conditions.

Background: Oral health influences the quality of life of older adults. Further, depression is negatively associated with oral health. However, little is known about this relationship among older adults with chronic health conditions.

Optical detection of infectious SARS-CoV-2 virions by counting spikes.

Existing methods for the mass detection of viruses are limited to the registration of small amounts of a viral genome or specific protein markers. In spite of high sensitivity, the applied methods cannot distinguish between virulent viral particles and non-infectious viral particle debris. We report an approach to solve this long-standing challenge using the SARS-CoV-2 virus as an example.

[Rectal Syphilis Mimicking Malignancy: A Case Report].

Rectal syphilis is a rare form of syphilis presentation and its symptoms, endoscopic and radiologic findings are nonspecific. Rectal syphilis typically presents with features such as concentric rectal wall thickening, mucosal hyperemia, perirectal fat stranding, and lymphadenopathy. Rectal cancer exhibits asymmetric wall thickening and lymph node necrosis, aiding in the differentiation between these two diseases.

PITPβ promotes COPI vesicle fission through lipid transfer and membrane contact formation.

Intracellular transport among organellar compartments occurs in two general ways, by membrane-bound carriers or membrane contacts. Specific circumstances that involve the coordination of these two modes of transport remain to be defined. Studying Coat Protein I (COPI) transport, we find that phosphatidylcholine with short acyl chains (sPC) is delivered through membrane contact from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to sites of COPI vesicle formation at the Golgi to support the fission stage.

Mercury-induced toxicity: Mechanisms, molecular pathways, and gene regulation.

Mercury is a well-known neurotoxicant for humans and wildlife. The epidemic of mercury poisoning in Japan has clearly demonstrated that chronic exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) results in serious neurological damage to the cerebral and cerebellar cortex, leading to the dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS), especially in infants exposed to MeHg in utero. The occurrences of poisoning have caused a wide public concern regarding the health risk emanating from MeHg exposure; particularly those eating large amounts of fish may experience the low-level and long-term exposure.

Characteristics of novel Ti-40Nb-xCu alloy and surface treatment with superior antibacterial property and biocompatibility using micro-arc oxidation for dental implants.

Peri-implantitis and insufficient osseointegration are the principal challenges faced by dental implants at present. In order to fabricate dual-function dental implant materials possessing both antibacterial and osteogenic capabilities, this study incorporates the antimicrobial element Cu into the Ti40Nb alloy, developing a novel Ti40Nb-xCu alloy with antibacterial properties. Among them, Ti40Nb3Cu has the best overall performance.

Prioritizing the multifaceted community and species uniqueness for the conservation of lacustrine fishes in the largest subtropical floodplain, China.

Hydrological variations affect habitat characteristics and fish distribution in floodplain lakes. Assessing the contributions of the local community (i.e.

Systemic Inflammatory Response Following Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Can Affect Oncologic Outcomes in MSI-H/dMMR Rectal Cancer.

Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) is a crucial determinant of disease progression and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This study investigated the prognostic relevance of changes in the platelet count on survival and the predictive value of changes in the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the pathological tumor response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) rectal cancer. From 2011 to 2022, data of 46 consecutive patients with MSI-H rectal cancer who were treated with preoperative CRT followed by curative surgery at Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital (Daegu, South Korea) were retrospectively analyzed.

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 testing, 2024 revision: A technical standard of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG).

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a form of muscular dystrophy causing progressive muscle loss and weakness. Although clinical features can manifest at any age, it is the most common form of muscular dystrophy with onset in adulthood. DM1 is an autosomal dominant condition, resulting from an unstable CTG expansion in the 3'-untranslated region of the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) gene.

Identification of New Isolates of Phytophthora sojae and Selection of Resistant Soybean Genotypes.

Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR), caused by Phytophthora sojae, can occur at any growth stage under poorly drained and humid conditions. The expansion of soybean cultivation in South Korean paddy fields has increased the frequency of PRR outbreaks. This study aimed to identify four P.

Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Mutations after Nirmatrelvir Treatment in a Lung Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model.

Paxlovid is the first approved oral treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 and includes nirmatrelvir, a protease inhibitor targeting the main protease (M) of SARS-CoV-2, as one of the key components. While some specific mutations emerged in M were revealed to significantly reduce viral susceptibility to nirmatrelvir , there is no report regarding resistance to nirmatrelvir in patients and animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection yet. We recently developed xenograft tumors derived from Calu-3 cells in immunodeficient mice and demonstrated extended replication of SARS-CoV-2 in the tumors.

ROS-induced imbalance of the miR-34a-5p/SIRT1/p53 axis triggers chronic chondrocyte injury and inflammation.

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease based on the degeneration and loss of articular cartilage. Inflammation and aging play an important role in the destruction of the extracellular matrix, in which microRNA (miRNA) is a key point, such as miRNA-34a-5p. Upregulation of miRNA-34a-5p was previously reported in a rat OA model, and its inhibition significantly suppressed interleukin (IL)-1β-induced apoptosis in rat chondrocytes.

Correction: Incorporating mesopelagic fish into the evaluation of marine protected areas under climate change scenarios.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s42995-023-00188-9.].

DNA-Binding Agent Trabectedin Combined With Recombinant Methioninase Is Synergistic to Decrease Fibrosarcoma Cell Viability and Induce Nuclear Fragmentation But Not Synergistic on Normal Fibroblasts.

Background/aim: The alkylating agent trabectedin, which binds the minor groove of DNA, is second-line therapy for soft-tissue sarcoma but has only moderate efficacy. The aim of the present study was to determine the synergistic efficacy of recombinant methioninase (rMETase) and trabectedin on fibrosarcoma cells in vitro, compared with normal fibroblasts.

Materials And Methods: HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the nucleus and red fluorescent protein (RFP) in the cytoplasm and Hs27 normal human fibroblasts, were used.

Association of pulse pressure with hematoma expansion in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: Recent reports have demonstrated that a wider pulse pressure upon admission is correlated with heightened in-hospital mortality following spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ssICH). However, the underlying mechanism remains ambiguous. We investigated whether a wider pulse pressure was associated with hematoma expansion (HE).

Distinct Characteristics and Changes in Liver Function of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for More Than 1 Year.

Purpose: Since 2020, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Ate/Bev) has been the standard first-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but long-term treatment studies are limited. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and effects of Ate/Bev for over 1 year.

Materials And Methods: This study included patients with unresectable HCC treated with first-line Ate/Bev between May 2020 and April 2022.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound features as a potential biomarker for the prediction of breast cancer recurrence.

Purpose: To investigate the associations between contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging features and disease recurrence among patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: In the study, pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy contrast-enhanced ultrasound images of 43 patients with breast cancer were retrospectively analysed. Post-acquisition image processing involved the placement of freehand-drawn regions of interest, followed by the generation of blood flow kinetics representing blood volume and velocity for these regions of interest.

Impacts of mixed ferrous sulfate-biochar additives on humification and bacterial community during electric field-assisted aerobic composting.

This study assessed the impact of nine mixed ferrous sulfates and biochars on electric field-assisted aerobic composting (EAC), focusing on the spectroscopy of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbial communities. Adding 1.05% ferrous sulfate and 5.

Annexin-A5 monomer as a membrane repair agent for the treatment of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the causes of acute kidney injury. Annexin A5 (AnxA5), a calcium-dependent cell membrane-binding protein, shows protective effects in various organ IRI models. This study explored the therapeutic effect of exogenous AnxA5 monomer protein on renal IRI and its potential mechanism of action.