Atomoxetine-Induced Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Crisis Managed With Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGLs) crises can be triggered by various factors, including norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which worsen symptoms in patients with PPGLs. Therefore, attention should be paid to the potential for serious adverse reactions in patients with PPGLs taking ADHD medications. A 21-year-old man presented to the emergency department with acute onset of severe respiratory and circulatory failure after initiating atomoxetine treatment.

Epinephrine dosing interval and neurological outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Objective: Current guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) recommend that standard-dose epinephrine be administered every 3-5 minutes during cardiac arrest. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the optimal epinephrine dosing interval. This study aimed to examine the association between epinephrine dosing intervals and outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Clinical results following intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results following intra-articular knee injection of Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF cell therapy).

Methods: This study involved 13 consecutive patients who had received SVF cell therapy at our clinic before November 2015 and completed the 6-month post-treatment follow-up period. For each treatment, approximately 200 mL or more of subcutaneous adipose tissue was harvested using tumescent liposuction technique and manual aspiration of tissue from the lower abdomen using a suction cannula under local anesthesia in the operating room.

The prevalence of airway obstruction among Japanese HIV-positive male patients compared with general population; a case-control study of single center analysis.

Background And Objective: Previous studies have suggested that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and/or the airway colonization of Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pcj) impact on the progression of airway obstruction, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between HIV infection, airway colonization of Pcj and airway obstruction in Japanese male patients.

Methods: Case-control study of 49 HIV-positive and 257 HIV-negative men were enrolled in this study.

[Clinical study on 45 cases of adult and adolescent pertussis].

We studied 45 cases of adult and adolescent pertussis. The diagnosis of pertussis was made by two criteria. 1) 4-fold increase in antibody against B.

Overwhelming pneumococcal bacteremia revealed by a peripheral blood smear in a 74-year-old healthy woman.

A 76-year-old woman, who had never been seriously ill, was admitted to our hospital with fever and shaking chills. She progressively developed septic shock. We detected Streptococcus pneumoniae in a routine examination of a Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smear.

[A case of group B Streptococcus endogenous endophthalmitis in elderly man with diabetes mellitus].

Endogenous endophthalmitis (EBE) is intraocular infection usually associated by bcteremia. Although, EBE is an uncommon disease, visually prognosis is very poor. Immune suppressive disease, such as diabetes or malignancy is a predisposing factor of EBE.

High expression of p40(tax) and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the lungs of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-related bronchopulmonary disorders.

Study Objective: Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is closely associated with the development of certain pulmonary diseases, such as bronchiolitis, although the pathologic mechanism remains unclear. To elucidate the pathogenesis of HTLV-1-associated bronchopulmonary disorders, we analyzed the relationship between expression of p40(tax), a regulatory component of HTLV-1 that stimulates various host genes, and synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by cells in BAL fluid (BALF) obtained from HTLV-1-infected patients.

Design: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to compare the expression of p40(tax) and pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines messenger RNA (mRNA) in BALF of 10 HTLV-1 carriers and 7 healthy subjects.

Differing functional recovery of donor-derived immune cells after purified haploidentical and fully mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in mice.

Functional recovery of the immune system is critical for long-term survival in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. In this study, two donor-recipient allogeneic transplant settings (haploidentical and fully mismatched) are used to investigate the functional activity of donor-derived B and T cells in animals grafted with purified c-kit(+), Thy 1.1(lo), Lin(-/lo), and Sca-1(+) hematopoietic stem cells (KTLS HSC).

Strains of measles vaccine differ in their ability to replicate in an damage human thymus.

A number of strains of live attenuated measles virus are in use worldwide as measles vaccines. All effectively induce protective immunity, but many differences in immunogenicity and, potentially, in safety are seen between strains in young infants. However, no system for assessing biologic differences between vaccine strains has been available.

[Overview of sleep medicine and sleep respiratory disorders centers in Japan].

Sleep medicine in Japan evolved gradually, beginning with sleep research being conducted in the late 1960's exclusively on the university basis. Japan Sleep Society was founded in 1977 mainly by psychiatrists. Recently public awareness regarding sleep related breathing disorders has been raised as a result of a media campaign in Japan.

Altered virulence of vaccine strains of measles virus after prolonged replication in human tissue.

To understand the molecular determinants of measles virus (MV) virulence, we have used the SCID-hu thymus/liver xenograft model (SCID-hu thy/liv) in which in vivo MV virulence phenotypes are faithfully duplicated. Stromal epithelial and monocytic cells are infected by MV in thymus implants, and virulent strains induce massive thymocyte apoptosis, although thymocytes are not infected. To determine whether passage of an avirulent vaccine strain in human tissue increases virulence, we studied a virus isolated from thymic tissue 90 days after infection with the vaccine strain Moraten (pMor-1) and a virus isolated from an immunodeficient child with progressive vaccine-induced disease (Hu2).

Induction of MHC class I expression on immature thymocytes in HIV-1-infected SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice: evidence of indirect mechanisms.

The SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse and human fetal thymic organ culture (HF-TOC) models have been used to explore the pathophysiologic mechanisms of HIV-1 infection in the thymus. We report here that HIV-1 infection of the SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse leads to the induction of MHC class I (MHCI) expression on CD4+CD8+ (DP) thymocytes, which normally express low levels of MHCI. Induction of MHCI on DP thymocytes in HIV-1-infected Thy/Liv organs precedes their depletion and correlates with the pathogenic activity of the HIV-1 isolates.

Host control of HIV-1 parasitism in T cells by the nuclear factor of activated T cells.

Post HIV-1 entry, productive HIV-1 infection of primary T cells requires overcoming several cellular blocks to provirus establishment and replication. Activation of unknown host intracellular events overcomes such inhibitory steps and is concomitant with HIV-1 replication. We show that the transcription factor NFATc was sufficient as a cellular factor to induce a highly permissive state for HIV-1 replication in primary CD4+ T cells.

The ORF47 and ORF66 putative protein kinases of varicella-zoster virus determine tropism for human T cells and skin in the SCID-hu mouse.

The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) genes ORF47 and ORF66 are predicted to encode serine/threonine protein kinases, which are homologs of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) UL13, and US3. When mutants were constructed by inserting stop codons into ORF47 and ORF66, the recombinants ROka47S and ROka66S, as well as intact ROka replicated in tissue culture. In contrast, inoculation of human thymus/liver or skin implants in SCID-hu mice showed that ORF47 protein was required for viral growth in human T cells and skin.

Recombinant measles viruses with mutations in the C, V, or F gene have altered growth phenotypes in vivo.

An understanding of the determinants of measles virus (MV) virulence has been hampered by the lack of an experimental model of infection. We have previously demonstrated that virulence phenotypes in human infections are faithfully reproduced by infection of human thymus/liver (thy/liv) implants engrafted into SCID mice, where the virus grows primarily in stromal cells but induces thymocyte apoptosis (P. G.

[The correlation between the outbreaks of asthma attack and meteorologic parameters in Okinawa].

The correlation between the outbreaks of asthma attack and meterologic parameters was analyzed in Okinawa island which belongs to the subtropics. The epidemiologic outbreaks of asthma was investigated for 2 years from the asthma diaries described by 27 patients. The severity of asthma attack was expressed as the asthma score on the basis of asthma diaries.

Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in myelomonocytic cells derived from retroviral vector-transduced peripheral blood progenitor cells.

Monocytes and macrophages (Mo/Mphi) contribute to the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. A successful hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC)-based gene therapy strategy for HIV-1 disease must protect Mo/Mphi as well as T cells from HIV-1-related pathology. In this report, we demonstrate that RevM10-transduced HSPCs isolated from cytokine-mobilized peripheral blood give rise to Mo/Mphi suppressing replication of Mphi-tropic HIV-1 isolates.

Comparative analyses of intracellularly expressed antisense RNAs as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication.

The antiviral activities of intracellularly expressed antisense RNAs complementary to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pol, vif, and env genes and the 3' long terminal repeat (LTR) sequence were evaluated in this comparative study. Retroviral vectors expressing the antisense RNAs as part of the Moloney murine leukemia virus LTR promoter-directed retroviral transcript were constructed. The CD4+ T-cell line CEM-SS was transduced with retroviral constructs, and Northern blot analyses showed high steady-state antisense RNA expression levels.

[A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis mimicking relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis].

A 61-year-old woman was suspected of relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis. A chest X-ray film taken at a regular health check-up suggested relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis in a 61-year-old woman. Chest X-ray revealed irregular shadow with calcification in the upper lobe of the left lung and pulmonary tuberculosis was initially diagnosed a despite a negative reaction for acid-fast bacilli on examination of her sputum and bronchial lavage.

Attenuation of the vaccine Oka strain of varicella-zoster virus and role of glycoprotein C in alphaherpesvirus virulence demonstrated in the SCID-hu mouse.

The SCID-hu mouse implanted with human fetal tissue is a novel model for investigating human viral pathogenesis. Infection of human skin implants was used to investigate the basis for the clinical attenuation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) strain, V-Oka, from which the newly licensed vaccine is made. The pathogenicity of V-Oka was compared with that of its parent, P-Oka, another low-passage clinical isolate, strain Schenke (VZV-S), and VZV-Ellen, a standard laboratory strain.

Antiviral potency of drug-gene therapy combinations against human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Gene therapy for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection using intracellular immunization strategies is currently being tested in clinical trials. With the continuing development of potent antiretroviral drugs (e.g.