Fusobacterium nucleatum increases collagenase 3 production and migration of epithelial cells.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is closely associated with human periodontal diseases and may also be a causative agent in other infections, such as pericarditis, septic arthritis, and abscesses of tonsils and liver. Initiation and outcome of infective diseases depend critically on the host cell signaling system altered by the microbe. Production of proteinases by infected cells is an important factor in pericellular tissue destruction and cell migration.

Bacteremia after plate removal and tooth extraction.

Our aim was to investigate the occurrence of bacteremia associated with removal of a semirigid osteosynthesis plate and an adjacent third molar. Ten patients with fixed mandibular angle fracture were bacteriologically sampled from the second molar's distal gingival pocket, from the third molar's extraction socket and from the osteosynthesis plate. Blood samples from the ante-cubital vein were taken 10 times until 30 min postoperatively.

Nosocomial bloodstream infections due to viridans streptococci in haematological and non-haematological patients: species distribution and antimicrobial resistance.

Objectives: We studied the species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of viridans streptococci (VS) isolates causing nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs) in Finnish hospitals.

Patients And Methods: Patients with nosocomial BSIs due to VS were identified through a hospital-wide prospective laboratory-based surveillance in two university and two regional hospitals during September 1998-August 2001. Isolates of VS were sent to the reference laboratory for species confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Characterisation of aerobic gram-negative bacteria from subgingival sites of dogs--potential bite wound pathogens.

Ninety-eight aerobic, gram-negative bacterial isolates from subgingival samples from family-owned dogs with naturally occurring periodontitis were characterised phenotypically by conventional biochemical testing, by cellular fatty acid profiling and by the use of commercial identification systems. The majority (48, 81%) of the fermentative isolates but only 18% of the non-fermenters were identified by conventional biochemical testing alone. With additional cellular fatty acid profiling, another 7 (12%) fermentative and 23 (59%) non-fermentative isolates were identified to genus or group level.

Oral colonization with Actinomyces species in infants by two years of age.

In early childhood, the human mouth is already colonized by actinomycetes. Due to recent taxonomic changes within the genus Actinomyces, up-to-date data are warranted on the time and succession of different Actinomyces species in the oral cavity. By using a longitudinal study design and culture techniques, we examined the age-related occurrence of Actinomyces species in saliva from 39 healthy infants at 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age.

Establishment of oral anaerobes during the first year of life.

Anaerobic species constitute a significant part of the bacterial community of the mouth. Although the time and species involved in the primary colonization of infants are of great importance by forming the basis for further colonization, the development of the oral anaerobic microflora with age is still inadequately understood. In the present study, time and succession of colonization of oral anaerobes were longitudinally examined in 44 healthy Caucasian infants at 2, 6, and 12 months of age.

beta-lactamase production and antimicrobial susceptibility of oral heterogeneous Fusobacterium nucleatum populations in young children.

Oral Fusobacterium nucleatum populations from 20 young, healthy children were examined for beta-lactamase production. Ten children (50%) harbored, altogether, 25 beta-lactamase-positive F. nucleatum isolates that were identified as F.

Susceptibilities of bovine summer mastitis bacteria to antimicrobial agents.

The susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents of 32 aerobic bacterial isolates and to 10 antimicrobial agents of 37 anaerobic bacterial isolates from 23 cases of bovine summer mastitis (16 Actinomyces pyogenes isolates, 8 Streptococcus dysgalactiae isolates, 3 S. uberis isolates, 3 S. acidominimus isolates, 2 Streptococcus spp.

Atrial natriuretic peptide and its mRNA in heart and brain of vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats.

To understand the secretion and synthesis of atrial natriuretic peptide we measured immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide from plasma, heart tissues and brain areas, and ANP mRNA was determined from heart auricles and ventricles of vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats (DI) and from desmopressin treated Brattleboro rats (DI+DDAVP). Long-Evans rats (LE) served as controls. DI+DDAVP rats were given for 3 days sc.

Phylogenetic analysis of members of the genus Porphyromonas and description of Porphyromonas cangingivalis sp. nov. and Porphyromonas cansulci sp. nov.

The partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of representative strains of two groups of anaerobic, gram-negative, pigmented, asaccharolytic, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from subgingival plaque of dogs with naturally occurring periodontal disease were determined. A comparative analysis of the rRNA sequence data revealed that the two groups of organisms represent previously unknown lines of descent within the genus Porphyromonas. On the basis of our phylogenetic findings and the phenotypic distinctiveness of the organisms, two new species, Porphyromonas cangingivalis and Porphyromonas cansulci, are proposed.

Porphyromonas canoris sp. nov., an asaccharolytic, black-pigmented species from the gingival sulcus of dogs.

A new species, Porphyromonas canoris, is proposed for black-pigmented asaccharolytic strains isolated from subgingival plaque samples from dogs with naturally occurring periodontal disease. This bacterium is an obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming, gram-negative, rod-shaped organism. On laked rabbit blood or sheep blood agar plates, colonies are light brown to greenish brown after 2 to 4 days of incubation and dark brown after 14 days of incubation.

The efficacy of tinidazole in naturally occurring periodontitis in dogs: bacteriological and clinical results.

The efficacy of tinidazole in addition to a single course of scaling was studied in 14 dogs with periodontitis. Three test teeth, two with periodontitis and one with healthy periodontium, were selected per dog. Subgingival bacterial samples were taken, and clinical examination was carried out at each of four visits (0, 14, 90 and 180 days).

Porphyromonas-like gram-negative rods in naturally occurring periodontitis in dogs.

A total of 259 Gram-negative Porphyromonas-like rods isolated from subgingival plaque samples of 16 family-owned dogs with naturally occurring periodontitis were characterized phenotypically by biochemical reactions, metabolic end products and enzymatic activities (API-ZYMTM, RoscoTM). Four distinct groups were found. Group A isolates (63) were asaccharolytic, lipase negative, trypsin positive and produced phenylacetic acid (PAA) from peptone-yeast extract glucose broth.

Plasma ANP during hypertonic NaCl infusion in man.

To determine the relationship between hyperosmolality and immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide of heart atrial plasma six healthy men were given 0.06 ml kg-1 min-1 855 mmol l-1 NaCl, i.v.

Are certain oral pathogens part of normal oral flora in denture-wearing edentulous subjects?

A complete loss of teeth may eliminate some pathogenic bacteria for lack of a suitable habitat for colonization. The occurrence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, black-pigmented Bacteroides, mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and yeasts was investigated in 51 edentulous subjects with complete denture(s); mean age 74 years (range 44-92 years). None of the subjects had received antibiotics during the preceding 6 months.

Daily patterns of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, serum osmolality and haematocrit in the rat.

The present study documents daily rhythms of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, serum osmolality and haematocrit in the rat. One-hundred and twenty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were used. They were bred under a cycle of 12 h light/12 h dark starting at 07.

The immediate efficacy of adjunctive doxycycline in treatment of localized juvenile periodontitis.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the immediate clinical and microbiological efficacy of doxycycline (100 mg for 14 days) was carried out to determine the benefit of adjunctive medication in 16 patients with localized juvenile periodontitis. Measurements of gingival fluid flow, probing depths, bleeding on probing and suppuration were determined at 2 periodontal sites with and 2 without radiographic attachment loss, at weeks 0, 1, 3 and 8. Subgingival bacterial samples were taken with curettes from the same sites.

The long-term efficacy of systemic doxycycline medication in the treatment of localized juvenile periodontitis.

The presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in the deep periodontal pockets of patients with localized juvenile periodontitis has been causally associated with active periodontal destruction. Thus, eradication of this microorganism has become the goal of treatment. It has been postulated that such eradication cannot be achieved without systemic antimicrobial treatment.

Subgingival microflora, dental and periodontal conditions in patients with hereditary fructose intolerance.

Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is a rare autosomally recessive disease which leads to severe hypoglycemia. The fructose-free diet of these patients apparently influences dental health. Half of the patients are free of caries, but there are no reports on their periodontal condition nor on the composition of their subgingival microflora.

Certain bacterial species and morphotypes in localized juvenile periodontitis and in matched controls.

Subgingival microflora in localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) was examined by culture of certain bacterial species and by direct dark-field microscopy in affected and unaffected periodontal pockets of 11 patients and in their age- and sex-matched controls. Only Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and clinical periodontal status in Finnish juvenile periodontitis patients.

The relationship between the clinical periodontal status and the occurrence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) in 19 Finnish patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) was studied.