Prognosis of Cirrhotic Patients After Osteoporotic Femoral Neck Fracture.

: Osteoporotic hip fractures in cirrhotic subjects are associated with increased post-fracture mortality. Our aim was to identify unfavorable factors that were associated with increased post-fracture mortality. : We employed a retrospective evaluation of the short- and long-term prognosis of cirrhotic patients that were admitted with a hip fracture to our institution.

Chondrocytes supplemented to bone graft-containing scaffolds expedite cranial defect repair.

Critical maxillofacial bone fractures do not heal spontaneously, thus, often there is a need to facilitate repair via surgical intervention. Gold standard approaches, include the use of autologous bone graft, or devices supplemented with osteogenic growth factors and bone substitutes. This research aimed to employ a critical size calvaria defect model, to determine if the addition of chondrocytes to collagen-containing bone graft substitute, may expedite bone repair.

Natural history of changes in knee skin temperature following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Patients undergoing total-knee arthroplasty (TKA) have transient increases in anterior knee skin temperature (ST) that subside as recovery progresses-except in cases of systemic or local prosthetic joint infections (PJI). This meta-analysis was designed to quantify the changes in knee ST following TKA in patients with uncomplicated recovery as a prerequisite for assessing the usefulness of thermal imaging for diagnosis of PJI. This meta-analysis (PROSPERO-CRD42021269864) was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Repairing a critical cranial defect using WISP1-pretreated chondrocyte scaffolds.

In cranial flat bone fractures, spontaneous bone repair will occur only when the fracture ends are in close contact. However, in cases wherein bone discontinuity is extensive, surgical interventions are often required. To this end, autologous bone is harvested and surgically integrated into the site of fracture.

Cushioned Footwear Effect on Pain and Gait Characteristics of Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Double-Blinded 3 Month Intervention Study.

One of the recommendations for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the use of specific footwear, such as sturdy or cushioned shoes. However, the long-term use effects of using cushioned shoes on the pain and spatiotemporal gait parameters in individuals with knee OA are yet to be reported. We therefore aimed to compare the efficacy of cushioned sport footwear versus sham shoes on motor functions, pain and gait characteristics of individuals with knee OA who used the shoes for 3 months.

New Versus Old-How Reliable Is the New OTA/AO Classification for Trochanteric Hip Fractures?

Objective: To evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the 2018 OTA/AO trochanteric hip fracture (THF) classification compared with the 1983 OTA/AO Muller classification system. To further delineate the reliability of classifying stable and unstable THF using the 2 classification systems.

Design: Radiographic observational study.

Total knee arthroplasty using a computerized assisted stereotaxic navigation system with bluetooth communication in obese patients - A randomized controlled study.

Correct mechanical alignment (180° hip-knee-angle (HKA)) may be difficult to obtain on a consistent basis in obese patients. This is a randomized controlled study comparing the post-operative coronal alignment in obese patients between two surgical total knee arthroplasty (TKA) techniques - conventional and computer assisted navigation. The primary outcome was the post-operative HKA.

A Fenchone Derivative Effectively Abrogates Joint Damage Following Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Lewis Rats.

Background: In a previous report, we have identified the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist HU308 to possess a beneficial effect in preventing age and trauma-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in mice. The effects of HU308 were largely related to the capacity of this compound to induce cartilage anabolism which was dependent on the CREB/SOX9 axis, and exhibited pro-survival and pro-proliferative hallmarks of articular cartilage following treatment. Here, we utilized the novel cannabinoid-fenchone CB2 agonists (1B, 1D), which were previously reported to render anti-inflammatory effects in a zymosan model.

HU308 Mitigates Osteoarthritis by Stimulating Sox9-Related Networks of Carbohydrate Metabolism.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by progressive, irreversible erosion of articular cartilage accompanied by severe pain and immobility. This study aimed to assess the effect and mechanism of action of HU308, a selective cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) agonist, in preventing OA-related joint damage. To test the assumption that HU308 could prevent OA-related joint damage, Cnr2 null mice and wild type (WT) mice were aged to reach 20 months and analyzed for joint structural features.

The effect of steroid injection into the shoulder on glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Injections of corticosteroids into or around joints have been reported to increase blood glucose in patients with diabetes due to corticosteroid absorption into the bloodstream. However, the magnitude, duration, and clinical implications of local corticosteroid injections on glycemic control are not clear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of corticosteroid injection to the shoulder on glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a continuous glucose monitoring device.

The impact of femoral bone quality on cementless total hip pre-operative templating.

Introduction: Accurate templating is an integral part of pre-operative planning for total hip arthroplasty (THA). Templating of cementless implant accuracy has been average. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of Dorr femoral classification on the accuracy of pre-operative digital templating.

Lef1 ablation alleviates cartilage mineralization following posttraumatic osteoarthritis induction.

Cartilage mineralization is a tightly controlled process, imperative for skeletal growth and fracture repair. However, in osteoarthritis (OA), cartilage mineralization may impact the joint range of motion, inflict pain, and increase chances for joint effusion. Here we attempt to understand the link between inflammation and cartilage mineralization by targeting Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1), both reported to have contrasting effects on cartilage.

Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injury in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Traumatic dental injury is an injury inflicted on the dentoalveolar system. It has a physical as well as a psychological impact. Despite this concern, epidemiological data regarding its prevalence is insufficient in the literature of Nepal.

New-Onset Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated with Increased All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Knee and Hip Replacements.

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are common surgeries performed in elderly patients with osteoarthritis. Limited data address the clinical significance of perioperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in these patients. This study aimed to determine whether preexisting or new-onset AF is associated with increased 1-year all-cause mortality rates in the elderly population.

Muscle activity while ambulating on stairs and slopes: A comparison between individuals scheduled and not scheduled for knee arthroplasty and healthy controls.

Objective: To examine muscle activity patterns of the lower limbs while ascending and descending stairs and slope in adults with knee Osteoarthritis (knee-OA), who were scheduled or not scheduled for Total Knee Replacement (TKR) and healthy controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included three groups: knee-OA subjects scheduled for TKR (TKR group; N = 15) and not scheduled for TKR (NTKR group; N = 15) and age-matched controls (N = 11). Outcome measures included: joint range of motion (ROM), Timed Up and Go (TUG), joint pain levels, and functional disability (Oxford) score.

Impact of mandibular third molars on angle fractures: A retrospective study.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the position and presence of mandibular third molars is associated with a high risk of mandibular angle fractures. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the position and presence of mandibular third molars and mandibular angle fractures.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study consisting of 256 patients who were admitted for treatment of mandibular fractures between January 2016 and January 2018 was undertaken.

Kinematics following gait perturbation in adults with knee osteoarthritis: Scheduled versus not scheduled for knee arthroplasty.

Objective: To compare recovery kinematics following trip-simulated perturbation during gait between three groups: adults without knee Osteoarthritis (OA) and adults with OA, scheduled and not scheduled for Total Knee Replacement (TKR).

Methods: People with OA scheduled for TKR (TKR group; N = 19) and not scheduled (NTKR group; N = 17) were age-matched with People without OA (N = 19). Outcome measures included: joint range of motion (ROM), Timed Up and Go (TUG), joint pain levels, Oxford score, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire, and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale.

A novel approach for knee osteoarthritis using high molecular weight hyaluronic acid conjugated to plasma fibrinogen - interim findings of a double-blind clinical study.

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread degenerative joint disease leading to progressive loss of function and pain. Available treatments do not provide long-term relief or improvement. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel intra articular supplement, made of high molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HA) uniquely conjugated to either purified (RegenoGel) or autologous plasma-derived fibrinogen (RegenoGel-OSP), as a long-term treatment for knee OA.

Serum NT/CT SIRT1 ratio reflects early osteoarthritis and chondrosenescence.

Objective: Previous work has established that the deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is cleaved by cathepsin B in chondrocytes subjected to proinflammatory stress, yielding a stable but inactive N-terminal (NT) polypeptide (75SIRT1) and a C-terminal (CT) fragment. The present work examined if chondrocyte-derived NT-SIRT1 is detected in serum and may serve as an investigative and exploratory biomarker of osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: We developed a novel ELISA assay to measure the ratio of NT to CT of SIRT1 in the serum of human individuals and mice subjected to post-traumatic OA (PTOA) or age-dependent OA (ADOA).

Total Knee Arthroplasty for Valgus Deformity via a Lateral Approach: Clinical Results, Comparison to Medial Approach, and Review of Recent Literature.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for valgus deformity is a challenge. The standard medial parapatellar approach may not be universally useful for this. We have adopted the lateral approach to valgus knees.

Differential DNA methylation of vocal and facial anatomy genes in modern humans.

Changes in potential regulatory elements are thought to be key drivers of phenotypic divergence. However, identifying changes to regulatory elements that underlie human-specific traits has proven very challenging. Here, we use 63 reconstructed and experimentally measured DNA methylation maps of ancient and present-day humans, as well as of six chimpanzees, to detect differentially methylated regions that likely emerged in modern humans after the split from Neanderthals and Denisovans.

Submental Intubations in Panfacial Fractures.

Introduction: Airway management in patients with panfacial fracture remains a challenge to anesthesiologists and surgeons. Submental intubation is an effective and less invasive alternative to tracheostomy during intraoperative airway management where orotracheal and nasotracheal intubation are not appropriate options. In addition, submental intubation allows proper access to oronasal airways and occlusion during intraoperative management.

Current topics in robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty: a review.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is among the most successful procedures of modern medicine, yet failures and complications continue to occur, leaving room for improvement. Robotics is a cutting-edge technology that tries to improve joint arthroplasty surgery. There is some evidence that shows that robotic-assisted THA improves implant positioning, but less is known about its effect on clinical outcomes or the rate of complications.