Effect of Chemical Fertilization on the Impacts of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in Maize Crops.

The use of chemical fertilizers strongly promotes productivity in agricultural crops; therefore, large amounts of chemical fertilizers have been used. The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria may be a strategy to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers; however, little is known about the effect of chemical fertilization on the performance of these bacteria through plant-microbe interactions. The present study aimed to verify the performance of Bacillus subtilis, Azospirillum brasilense, B.

Corn microbial diversity and its relationship to yield.

This study aimed to identify possible relationships between corn ( L.) productivity and its endosphere microbial community. Any insights would be used to develop testable hypotheses at the farm level.

Introducing key microbes from high productive soil transforms native soil microbial community of low productive soil.

This study aimed to understand the changes in rhizosphere microbial structure and diversity of an average corn yielding field site soil with the introduced microbial candidates from a high-yielding site. Soils used in this study were from two growers' fields located in Dunnville, Ontario, Canada, where one of the farms has an exceptional high corn yield (G-site soil; ca 20 tons/acre) and the other yields an average crop (H-site soil; 12 tons/acre) (8 years of unpublished A & L data). In growth room experiments using wheat as the indicator crop, calcium alginate beads with microbes composed of Azospirillum lipoferum, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Burkholderia ambifaria, Burkholderia graminis, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Pseudomonas lurida, Exiguobacterium acetylicum, Kosakonia cowanii, and Paenibacillus polymyxa was introduced into the soil at planting to the average-yielding soil.

Sugarcane growth and nutrition levels are differentially affected by the application of PGPR and cane waste.

Mineral and organic fertilization can be optimized by using rhizobacteria which increases dry matter, yield, and nutrients in the soil and plant, among the other biological inputs. However, the discovery of single microbes or a consortium that can benefit plants has been a challenge. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus combined with mineral fertilization and sugar and alcohol industry by-products in presprouted and the initial growth phase of sugar cane seedlings.

Prebiotic effects of diet supplemented with the cultivated red seaweed Chondrus crispus or with fructo-oligo-saccharide on host immunity, colonic microbiota and gut microbial metabolites.

Background: Gastrointestinal microbial communities are diverse and are composed of both beneficial and pathogenic groups. Prebiotics, such as digestion-resistant fibers, influence the composition of gut microbiota, and can contribute to the improvement of host health. The red seaweed Chondrus crispus is rich in dietary fiber and oligosaccharides, however its prebiotic potential has not been studied to date.

λ-Carrageenan Suppresses Tomato Chlorotic Dwarf Viroid (TCDVd) Replication and Symptom Expression in Tomatoes.

The effect of carrageenans on tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) replication and symptom expression was studied. Three-week-old tomato plants were spray-treated with iota(ɩ)-, lambda(λ)-, and kappa(κ)-carrageenan at 1 g·L-1 and inoculated with TCDVd after 48 h. The λ-carrageenan significantly suppressed viroid symptom expression after eight weeks of inoculation, only 28% plants showed distinctive bunchy-top symptoms as compared to the 82% in the control group.

Gene expression during imidacloprid-induced hormesis in green peach aphid.

Imidacloprid-induced hormesis in the form of stimulated reproduction has previously been reported in green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. Changes in gene expression accompanying this hormetic response have not been previously investigated. In this study, expression of stress response (Hsp60), dispersal (OSD, TOL and ANT), and developmental (FPPS I) genes were examined for two generations during imidacloprid-induced reproductive stimulation in M.

A fucose containing polymer-rich fraction from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum mediates lifespan increase and thermal-tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans, by differential effects on gene and protein expression.

The extracts of the brown alga, Ascophyllum nodosum, which contains several bioactive compounds, have been shown to impart biotic and abiotic stress tolerance properties when consumed by animals. However, the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanism underlying such effects remain elusive. We investigated the effect of A.

Transcriptional and metabolomic analysis of Ascophyllum nodosum mediated freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Background: We have previously shown that lipophilic components (LPC) of the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) improved freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the mechanism(s) of this induced freezing stress tolerance is largely unknown. Here, we investigated LPC induced changes in the transcriptome and metabolome of A.

Tasco®: a product of Ascophyllum nodosum enhances immune response of Caenorhabditis elegans against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

The effects of Tasco®, a product made from the brown seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) were tested for the ability to protect Caenorhabditis elegans against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. A water extract of Tasco® (TWE) reduced P. aeruginosa inflicted mortality in the nematode.

Tasco(®), a product of Ascophyllum nodosum, imparts thermal stress tolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Tasco(®), a commercial product manufactured from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum, has been shown to impart thermal stress tolerance in animals. We investigated the physiological, biochemical and molecular bases of this induced thermal stress tolerance using the invertebrate animal model, Caenorhabiditis elegans. Tasco(®) water extract (TWE) at 300 μg/mL significantly enhanced thermal stress tolerance as well as extended the life span of C.

PGPR and entomopathogenic fungus bioformulation for the synchronous management of leaffolder pest and sheath blight disease of rice.

Background: The biological control of plant pests and diseases using a single organism has been reported to give inconsistent and poor performance. To improve the efficacy, bioformulations were developed possessing mixtures of bioagents.

Results: Bioformulations combining Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula strains Pf1 and AH1 and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuill.

Understanding the molecular basis of plant growth promotional effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens on rice through protein profiling.

Background: Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), Pseudomonas fluorescens strain KH-1 was found to exhibit plant growth promotional activity in rice under both in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. But the mechanism underlying such promotional activity of P. fluorescens is not yet understood clearly.