Publications by authors named "Kandasamy Sasidaran"
High-flow nasal oxygen in infants and children for early respiratory management of pneumonia-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: the CENTURI randomized clinical trial.
Intensive Care Med Paediatr Neonatal
April 2024
Article Synopsis
- This study compared the effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy versus low-flow oxygen support (LFOS) in children under 5 with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure from severe pneumonia in low-middle-income countries.
- An open-label randomized trial involved 244 children, analyzing the failure rates of treatment within 72 hours, where HFNC displayed a significantly lower failure rate (7.3%) compared to LFOS (20%).
- The conclusion indicated that early use of HFNC resulted in better outcomes and fewer necessary intubations, highlighting its potential as a preferred treatment for young children with this condition.
Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a sequela of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection (SARS-CoV2), has been progressively reported worldwide, with cardiac involvement being a frequent presentation. Although the clinical and immunological characteristics of MIS-C with and without cardiac involvement have been described, the immunological differences between cardiac and non-cardiac MIS-C are not well understood.
Methods: The levels of type 1, type 2, type 17, other proinflammatory cytokines and CC chemokines and CXC chemokines were measured using the Magpix multiplex cytokine assay system in MIS-C children with MIS-C cardiac (MIS-C (C) ( = 88)) and MIS-C non-cardiac (MIS-C (NC) ( = 64)) abnormalities.
The clinical presentation of MIS-C overlaps with other infectious/non-infectious diseases such as acute COVID-19, Kawasaki disease, acute dengue, enteric fever, and systemic lupus erythematosus. We examined the ex-vivo cellular parameters with the aim of distinguishing MIS-C from other syndromes with overlapping clinical presentations. MIS-C children differed from children with non-MIS-C conditions by having increased numbers of naïve CD8+ T cells, naïve, immature and atypical memory B cells and diminished numbers of transitional memory, stem cell memory, central and effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, classical, activated memory B and plasma cells and monocyte (intermediate and non-classical) and dendritic cell (plasmacytoid and myeloid) subsets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGhosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia (GHDD) is a rare, autosomal recessive condition characterised by diaphyseal dysplasia of long bones with defective haematopoiesis. We describe 2 such cases with clinical and radiological evidence of GHDD. Molecular analysis revealed novel variants in TBXAS1 gene in both of them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To determine whether levetiracetam is an alternative to fosphenytoin to control Benzodiazepine Refractory Status Epilepticus (BRSE) in pediatric population and also to compare the acute drug related side-effects and ventilation requirement among the both arms of anti-epileptic drug therapy.
Methods: All consecutive children admitted with BRSE were randomized to group A, who received fosphenytoin at 20 mg/kg phenytoin equivalents (PE) dose and group B who received levetiracetam at 40 mg/kg over 10 min. Time to terminate seizure (response latency) was measured.
Objectives: Competence in point-of-care ultrasound is recommended/mandated by several critical care specialties. Although doctors commonly attend point-of-care ultrasound short-courses for introductory training, there is little follow-up data on whether they eventually attain competence. This study was done to determine the impact of point-of-care ultrasound short-courses on point-of-care ultrasound competence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To describe the needs of relatives of children admitted to an Intensive Care Unit and compare their needs with the perspectives of doctors, nurses and administrators.
Methods: This is a descriptive comparative study done at a tertiary care PICU from South India. A modified Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) (internal consistency reliability =0.
Objective: To study the clinical profile of children with scrub typhus and its association with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Methods: Children presenting with unexplained fever and multi-systemic involvement between May to December 2011 were tested for scrub typhus using IgM ELISA kits. Occurrence of Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in IgM positive cases of scrub typhus was studied.