Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction disturbs neuronal and cardiac lineage commitment of human iPSCs.

Mitochondrial diseases are genetically heterogeneous and present a broad clinical spectrum among patients; in most cases, genetic determinants of mitochondrial diseases are heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. However, it is uncertain whether and how heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations affect particular cellular fate-determination processes, which are closely associated with the cell-type-specific pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases. In this study, we established two isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines each carrying different proportions of a heteroplasmic m.

[A case of cardioembolic stroke due to intracardiac papillary fibroelastoma evaluated by using transesophageal echocardiography].

A 62-year-old woman had a prior ischemic stroke in the right temporal lobe with dysarthria and dysesthesia of the left hand. Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) was diagnosed and warfarin was administered. However, transient ischemic attack recurred upon admission to our hospital.

Therapeutic Strategies to Attenuate Hemorrhagic Transformation After Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

This review focuses on the mechanisms and emerging concepts of stroke and therapeutic strategies for attenuating hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The therapeutic time window for tPA treatment has been extended. However, the patients who are eligible for tPA treatment are still ＜5% of all patients with AIS.

Effects of acetaminophen on mitochondrial complex I activity in the rat liver and kidney: a PET study with F-BCPP-BF.

Background: In the present study, 2-tert-butyl-4-chloro-5-[6-(4-F-fluorobutoxy)-pyridin-3-ylmethoxy]-2H-pyridazin-3-one (F-BCPP-BF), a PET probe for mitochondrial complex I (MC-I), was used to validate whether MC-I is a useful biomarker for detecting acetaminophen-induced dysfunctions in the liver and kidney. The kinetic and distribution of F-BCPP-BF were assessed in rats using high-resolution animal PET in vivo. The binding specificity of F-BCPP-BF to MC-I in the liver and kidney was confirmed by the pre-administration of rotenone, a specific MC-I inhibitor.

Combined effect of new complete dentures and simple dietary advice on nutritional status in edentulous patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Individuals who are edentulous have a lower intake of fruit, vegetables, fiber, and protein compared with their dentate counterparts because tooth loss is accompanied by a decrease in ability to chew. Whether or not a combination of prosthetic rehabilitation and simple dietary advice produces improvement in dietary intake among edentulous persons is unclear. We aim to investigate the effect of a simultaneous combination of simple dietary advice delivered by dentists and provision of new complete dentures on dietary intake in edentulous individuals who request new dentures.

Single-incision laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal mesh hernioplasty: results in 182 Japanese patients.

Background: We introduced single-incision transabdominal preperitoneal (S-TAPP) herniorrhaphy (described herein) at our institution in June 2010. We recently conducted a retrospective study to assess the feasibility and safety of the procedure.

Methods: The study involved 182 patients (159 men, 23 women) who underwent S-TAPP herniorrhaphy between June 2010 and February 2015 for 202 groin hernias (162 unilateral hernias, 20 bilateral hernias).

Influence of implant number on the movement of mandibular implant overdentures.

Statement Of Problem: The rotational movement of an implant overdenture (IOD) has a negative effect on the perceived masticatory ability of the denture wearer. However, the influence of implant number on the movement of IODs has not been investigated.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the denture movement of mandibular IODs anchored by different numbers of implants.

Clinical guidelines and procedures for provision of mandibular overdentures on 4 mini-dental implants.

This article describes the flapless placement of mini-dental implants (MDI) to retain mandibular overdentures. Clinical inclusion/exclusion criteria and clinical protocols for the flapless placement of MDIs and for retrofitting the overdenture are presented. A minimum bone height of 13 mm and a minimal flap are recommended.

Two Cases of Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia with Prolonged Neurologic Symptoms and Brain Hypoperfusion on Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography.

Cerebral and cerebellar symptoms are frequently associated with Legionnaires' disease. However, corresponding brain lesions are difficult to demonstrate using either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report here two patients with Legionella pneumophila pneumonia accompanied by prolonged neurologic symptoms.

Clinical analysis of the pediatric inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection due to human metapneumovirus.

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is known as one of popular agents of acute respiratory infection in children. We reviewed the patients' background, result of initial blood test, bacterial culture, chest X-ray and clinical features of hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections caused by hMPV from March 2014 to February 2015 and compared them with the infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other causative agents. Of 419 patients tested by rapid virus antigen tests, 35 were positive for hMPV, 145 were positive for RSV, and 239 were negative for both viruses.

Differential Activation in Amygdala and Plasma Noradrenaline during Colorectal Distention by Administration of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone between Healthy Individuals and Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often comorbids mood and anxiety disorders. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a major mediator of the stress response in the brain-gut axis, but it is not clear how CRH agonists change human brain responses to interoceptive stimuli. We tested the hypothesis that brain activation in response to colorectal distention is enhanced after CRH injection in IBS patients compared to healthy controls.

Prognoses of new complete dentures from the patient's denture assessment of existing dentures.

Objectives: The aim was to determine prognostic factors affecting frequent post-delivery adjustments of new complete dentures using patients' assessments of existing complete dentures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 125 edentulous participants (56 men, 69 women; mean age, 76.4 years) who required new complete dentures evaluated existing dentures using the patient's denture assessment (PDA), a questionnaire regarding the self-assessment of dentures composed of 22 question items and containing six subscales: "function," "lower denture," "upper denture," "expectation," "esthetics and speech," and "importance.

Late Anterior Dislocation Due to Posterior Pelvic Tilt in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Excessive pelvic tilt may be one of the factors leading to instability in total hip arthroplasty (THA), even when the acetabular cup is placed properly. To our knowledge, only a few studies have described late anterior dislocation due to posterior pelvic tilt. We present 3 cases with late anterior dislocations possibly due to posterior pelvic tilt.

[Progranulin].

In central nervous system, a growth factor progranulin (PGRN) is considered to play crucial roles in maintaining physiological functions, and mutations in PGRN gene cause TDP-43-positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration. We demonstrated a dynamic change of PGRN expression in ischemic rats, including increased levels of PGRN expression in microglia within the ischemic core, and those in survived neurons as well as induction of PGRN expression in endothelial cells within the ischemic penumbra. We observed that PGRN could protect against acute focal cerebral ischemia by variety of mechanisms, which we call "brain protection", including neuroprotection in part by inhibition of cytoplasmic redistribution of TDP-43 using PGRN knock-out mice, suppression of neuroinflammation via anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 in microglia, and attenuation of blood-brain barrier disruption via vascular endothelial growth factor.

Abdominal bloating is the most bothersome symptom in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C): a large population-based Internet survey in Japan.

Background: Abdominal bloating is a common symptom in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). However, it is not included among the required items in the Rome III diagnostic criteria for IBS. Little is known about an impact of abdominal bloating seen in patients with IBS-C.

Quantification of pelvic tilt and rotation by width/height ratio of obturator foramina on anteroposterior radiographs.

Objective: Compared to sagittal pelvic tilt, only a few studies have examined axial rotation on anteroposterior radiographs. We therefore quantified 3-D pelvic rotation using the width and height ratio of the obturator foramina under the various pelvic tilts.

Methods: Using CT reconstructions of 10 healthy pelvises, anterior pelvic planes (APPs) were rotated by 20° in 5° increments on the axial plane with various degrees of sagittal pelvic tilt.

Androgen suppresses testicular cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo.

Silencing of androgen receptor (AR)-meditated androgen signaling is thought to be associated with the development of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). However, the role of the androgen/AR signal in TGCT development has not been investigated. In this study, we show that the androgen/AR signal suppressed the cell growth of seminomas (SEs), a type of TGCT, in vitro and in vivo.

Eosinophil infiltration in the upper gastrointestinal tract of patients with bronchial asthma.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is related to allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma (BA), atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to examine the eosinophil infiltration in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract in patients with BA using esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Methods: Patients with BA who had upper GI tract symptoms were enrolled.

PET Imaging of Mitochondrial Complex I with 18F-BCPP-EF in the Brains of MPTP-Treated Monkeys.

Unlabelled: (18)F-BCPP-EF was applied to assess mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) activity in the brains of Parkinson disease model monkeys prepared by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and also presynaptic dopamine parameters.

Methods: (11)C-β-CFT for the dopamine transporter; (11)C-3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl-L-alanine (β-(11)C-L-DOPA), L-6-(18)F-fluorodopa ((18)F-FDOPA), or 6-(11)C-methyl-m-tyrosine ((11)C-6MemTyr) for dopamine synthesis; or 2-tert-butyl-4-chrolo-5-{6-[2-(2-(18)F-fluoroethoxy)-ethoxy]-pyridin-3-ylmethoxy}-2H-pyridazin-3-one ((18)F-BCPP-EF) for MC-I was intravenously injected into normal and MPTP monkeys in order to analyze their uptake in the striatum.

Results: Significant reductions in presynaptic dopamine parameters and MC-I activity were detected in the striatum of MPTP monkeys.

Associations between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Related Genes and Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Unlabelled: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional disorder with distinct features of stress-related pathophysiology. A key mediator of the stress response is corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Although some candidate genes have been identified in stress-related disorders, few studies have examined CRH-related gene polymorphisms.

Invasive tracheobronchial aspergillosis progressing from bronchial to diffuse lung parenchymal lesions.

Invasive tracheobronchial aspergillosis that is entirely limited or predominantly confined to tracheobronchial lesions is a relatively rare form of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Extended parenchymal opacities that are radiological manifestations of invasive aspergillosis sometimes occur following invasive tracheobronchial aspergillosis. However, it remains unclear whether or not invasive tracheobronchial aspergillosis is the initial stage of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 2 Gene Variants in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and regulates the stress response through two CRH receptors (R1 and R2). Previously, we reported that a CRHR1 gene polymorphism (rs110402, rs242924, and rs7209436) and haplotypes were associated with IBS. However, the association between the CRHR2 gene and IBS was not investigated.

Comparison of patient-reported outcomes between immediately and conventionally loaded mandibular two-implant overdentures: A preliminary study.

Purpose: The aim of this preliminary study is to compare patient-reported outcomes between immediately and conventionally loaded mandibular two-implant overdentures retained by magnetic attachments.

Methods: Nineteen participants with edentulous mandibles were randomly assigned into either an immediate loading group (immediate group) or a conventional loading group (conventional group). Each participant received 2 implants in the inter-foraminal region by means of flapless surgery.