Applying the theory of planned behaviour to understand mental health professionals' intentions to work using a human rights-based approach in acute inpatient settings.

Background: There has been a shift to implement human rights-based approaches in acute mental health care due to increasing concerns around quality of care. National Health Service (NHS) Trusts have a legal duty to uphold a person's human rights, therefore it is important to understand what any barriers might be. Using psychological theory may help to develop this understanding.

Health professionals interface with cultural conflict in the delivery of type 2 diabetes care.

Objective: This study explored the knowledge and experiences of health professionals (HPs) caring for South Asian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Design: Fourteen HPs, who supported patients with T2D, were interviewed. The recruitment strategy employed purposeful and theoretical sampling methods to recruit HPs who worked across primary and secondary care settings.

The best possible self-intervention as a viable public health tool for the prevention of type 2 diabetes: A reflexive thematic analysis of public experience and engagement.

Background: Public health initiatives seek to modify lifestyle behaviours associated with risk (e.g., diet, exercise, and smoking), but underpinning psychological and affective processes must also be considered to maximize success.

Cultural Identity Conflict Informs Engagement with Self-Management Behaviours for South Asian Patients Living with Type-2 Diabetes: A Critical Interpretative Synthesis of Qualitative Research Studies.

The prevalence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing, particularly among South Asian (SA) communities. Previous research has highlighted the heterogeneous nature of SA ethnicity and the need to consider culture in SA patients' self-management of T2D. We conducted a critical interpretative synthesis (CIS) which aimed to a) develop a new and comprehensive insight into the psychology which underpins SA patients' T2D self-management behaviours and b) present a conceptual model to inform future T2D interventions.

Self-rated health and multimorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The relationship between multimorbidity and self-rated health is well established. This study examined self-rated health in relation to multimorbidity, glycaemia and body weight specifically in adults with type 2 diabetes. Bootstrapped hierarchical logistic regression and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyse survey data from 280 adults with type 2 diabetes.

A grounded theory of type 2 diabetes prevention and risk perception.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programmes should target high-risk groups. Previous research has highlighted minimal engagement in such services from South Asian (SA) people. Given SA's elevated risk of T2D, there is a need to understand their perceptions, risks, and beliefs about T2D.

Efficacy of the Best Possible Self protocol in diabetes self-management: A mixed-methods approach.

Recent research has demonstrated that positive affect may facilitate illness self-management. This study used a sequential exploratory mixed-methods typology to assess whether a brief writing task designed to boost positive affect (the Best Possible Self protocol) could improve aspects of diabetes self-management, specifically. A qualitative investigation explored people with diabetes' ( = 20) views regarding Best Possible Self feasibility and acceptability, while a subsequent quantitative investigation assigned people with diabetes ( = 50) to a Best Possible Self or non-Best Possible Self condition and assessed affect and self-management behaviours over a 4-week period.

Personal care plans and glycaemic control: the role of body mass index and physical activity.

Background: although body mass index (BMI) and physical activity are implicated in diabetes complications, it is unclear how these factors influence personalised care planning linked to glycaemic control. This study assessed the mediating effects of BMI and physical activity on relations between personalised care plans (PCPs) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, using population-based data.

Method: Bootstrapping was used to analyse PCP, HbA1c, BMI, and physical activity data from 3894 respondents to the 2014 Health Survey for England, for whom HbA1c data were available, regardless of diabetes status.

Ethnic inequalities in doctor-patient communication regarding personal care plans: the mediating effects of positive mental wellbeing.

Objective: There is limited understanding of ethnic inequalities in doctor-patient communication regarding personal care plans (PCPs). This study investigated the mediating effects of positive mental wellbeing on differences in PCP-related doctor-patient communication amongst South Asian and Caucasian UK residents.

Design: Data from 10,980 respondents to the 2013 Health Survey for England was analysed using bootstrapping methods.

Health professional feedback on HPV vaccination roll-out in a developing country.

Background: Worldwide, Zambia has the highest cervical cancer incidence rates (58.4/100,000 per year) and mortality rates (36.2/100,000 per year).

Are Ethnic Disparities in HbA1c Levels Explained by Mental Wellbeing? Analysis of Population-Based Data from the Health Survey for England.

Aims: It is unclear how ethnic differences in HbA levels are affected by individual variations in mental wellbeing. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the extent to which HbA disparities between Caucasian and South Asian adults are mediated by various aspects of positive psychological functioning.

Methods: Data from the 2014 Health Survey for England was analysed using bootstrapping methods.

Information and Communication Technology, Well-Being, and Ethnicity.

The relationship between use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and well-being is an increasingly debated public health issue. Currently, there is limited understanding of how the ethnic digital divide influences this association. Thus, this study assessed how ethnicity has historically moderated relations between ICT (mobile phone, computer, and TV) uptake, and several well-being indicators: (a) long-term health (chronic illness), (b) cigarette smoking, and (c) self-perceptions of personal health.

Ethnic differences in diabetes prevalence and ICT use.

Background: Uptake of information and communication technology (ICT) by individuals with diabetes can assist nursing care delivery, and improve patient outcomes. However, it is unclear how such uptake relates to ethnic differences in diabetes risk.

Aim: To assess the moderating effects of ICT uptake on South Asian excess diabetes prevalence over a specific elapsed timeframe, accounting for selected environmental, socio-economic, and behavioural risk factors.

Psychological issues in voluntary hospice care.

Background: Hospices require a multidisciplinary team of health workers to ensure that patients receive appropriate palliative care. One way to tackle this challenge has been to rely increasingly on volunteer carers. Recruiting and retaining volunteers requires some understanding of the psychological challenges (thoughts, emotions and actions) associated with voluntary care.

Heroin users' experiences of depression: a qualitative study.

Background: Heroin users represent a challenging group of patients for GPs, with a high morbidity including a high prevalence of depression. Compared to other groups, management of 'depression' in heroin users is likely to require different approaches. Aim.

Emotional vulnerability and coping styles for resolving decisional conflict.

This investigation supplements the study by D. Bouckenooghe, K. Vanderheyden, S.

Mutually dependent health beliefs associated with breast self-examination in British female university students.

Objective: Whereas research suggests young women's beliefs about breast cancer (susceptibility/severity) and its early detection (barriers/benefits) reliably distinguish breast self-examiners from nonexaminers, this study assessed whether these impressions are interreliant, especially in the context of familial risk.

Participants: The sample comprised over 200 female undergraduates from a university in England, United Kingdom.

Methods: Participants completed a self-administered survey on their attitudes concerning breast cancer and early detection.

Early detection of testicular cancer: revisiting the role of self-efficacy in testicular self-examination among young asymptomatic males.

Research suggests that self-efficacy is an important factor in behaviors that facilitate the early-detection of various cancers. In general people with high self-efficacy are more likely to attend cancer screening sessions or perform bodily self-exams. However, there is a paucity of research focusing on testicular cancer and testicular self-examination (TSE).

Work stress differentials between psychiatric and general nurses.

Reducing occupational stress among nursing staff is a public health priority in many western countries. This study assessed stress differentials between psychiatric nurses (PNs) and general nurses (GNs), and the moderating function of social support. It was expected that PNs would report different (higher) stress levels than GNs given PNs' lower levels of social support.

Theory of planned behaviour and ecstasy use: an analysis of moderator-interactions.

Objective: This study tested potential moderator interactions between components of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in relation to ecstasy use, extending previous research. It was expected that attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control (PBC) would moderate each other in predicting intended use of this drug.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 200 young adults.

Perceptions of threat, benefits, and barriers in breast self-examination amongst young asymptomatic women.

AIM: Young age at diagnosis of breast cancer is a negative prognostic factor, but early detection of breast pathology may improve prognosis. The present study examined the role of health perceptions (Health Belief Model; HBM) in young women's breast self-examination (BSE). It was hypothesized that cues to action, health motivation, and perceptions of threat (vulnerability, severity), benefits, and barriers, will predict BSE, but that threat perceptions will be more powerful predictors than benefits and barriers.