16S rRNA-based amplicon analysis of changes in the bacterial population in the lesions of papillomatous digital dermatitis in dairy cattle after topical treatment with allyl isothiocyanate.

Papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) is a foot disease causing lameness in dairy cattle. It is regarded as a polymicrobial infection, although its etiology is not fully understood. PDD is treated by the topical or systemic administration of antibiotics such as lincomycin (LCM); however, the milk of the cows cannot be marketed during the treatment and withdrawal period due to the residual antibiotics in milk.

Impact of discontinuation of fish oil after pioglitazone-fish oil combination therapy in diabetic KK mice.

Pioglitazone is one of the thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and an insulin-sensitive drug for type 2 diabetes. In our previous study, a combination of pioglitazone and fish oil rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was shown to inhibit pioglitazone-induced side effects, such as accumulation of subcutaneous fat and body weight gain. However, the effects of the discontinuation of fish oil after combination treatment with TZD and fish oil are not clear.

Benefits of combination low-dose pioglitazone plus fish oil on aged type 2 diabetes mice.

The elderly patients with type 2 diabetes suffer more adverse drug events than young adults due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes associated with aging. Reducing the risks of these medication-related problems are equally important for the clinical care of older type 2 diabetes patients. Pioglitazone is used for treating type 2 diabetes as an oral antidiabetic drug.

The therapeutic efficacy of allyl isothiocyanate in cows with bovine digital dermatitis.

Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is the most prevalent infectious cause of lameness in cattle. Because Treponema infection is a major etiology of BDD, the most common treatment of BDD is an antibiotic. Nonetheless, dairy cows require a withdrawal period after antibiotic treatment before their milk can be marketed.