The lysine demethylase, KDM4B, is a key molecule in androgen receptor signalling and turnover.

The androgen receptor (AR) is a key molecule involved in prostate cancer (PC) development and progression. Post-translational modification of the AR by co-regulator proteins can modulate its transcriptional activity. To identify which demethylases might be involved in AR regulation, an siRNA screen was performed to reveal that the demethylase, KDM4B, may be an important co-regulator protein.

SPRY2 loss enhances ErbB trafficking and PI3K/AKT signalling to drive human and mouse prostate carcinogenesis.

Loss of SPRY2 and activation of receptor tyrosine kinases are common events in prostate cancer (PC). However, the molecular basis of their interaction and clinical impact remains to be fully examined. SPRY2 loss may functionally synergize with aberrant cellular signalling to drive PC and to promote treatment-resistant disease.

Results of laparoscopic cryoablation in the treatment of small renal masses.

Context: Study of clinical outcome in renal cryoablation.

Aims: Laparoscopic cryoablation (LCA) is emerging as a reliable treatment option for small renal masses (SRMs) particularly in elderly patients. Our aim was to study the results of cryoablation for small renal masses in our cohort of patients.

LYRIC/AEG-1 is targeted to different subcellular compartments by ubiquitinylation and intrinsic nuclear localization signals.

Purpose: LYRIC/AEG-1 has been reported to influence breast cancer survival and metastases, and its altered expression has been found in a number of cancers. The cellular function of LYRIC/AEG-1 has previously been related to its subcellular distribution in cell lines. LYRIC/AEG-1 contains three uncharacterized nuclear localization signals (NLS), which may regulate its distribution and, ultimately, function in cells.

Application of transcript profiling in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded diagnostic prostate cancer needle biopsies.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of transcript profiling in diagnostic formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsies for prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: Laser-capture microdissection (LCM) was used to microdissect glandular epithelium as well as stromal tissue in archival prostate needle biopsies. Optimized RNA extraction, reverse transcription and real-time PCR (QPCR) protocols were used to detect transcript expression.

Is continent diversion using the Mitrofanoff principle a viable long-term option for adults requiring bladder replacement?

Objective: To audit the long-term outcome of patients with Mitrofanoff continent urinary diversion (MUD) to inform counselling of future patients concerning the procedure.

Patients And Methods: All patients who underwent MUD between 1990 and 2003 were identified. Continence, urinary tract infection (UTI), calculus formation and renal function were assessed by chart review and interviews.

Are conventional pressure-flow measurements dependent upon filled volume?

Objective: To determine, in a prospective study, whether detrusor pressure (p(det.Qmax)) and maximum urinary flow rate (Q(max)) measurements obtained after filling to maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) differ from those obtained with filling restricted to average voided volume (V(void)), as standard protocols for pressure flow studies (PFS) mandate bladder filling until the subject has a strong desire to void, which aids standardization but further divorces the test from real-life experience.

Patients And Methods: After calculating the appropriate sample size, 84 patients attending for PFS with an adequately completed 3-day frequency-volume chart were recruited.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of a cervical lymph node: case report and review of the literature.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a rare tumor that occurs mainly in lymph nodes. We report a case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in a cervical lymph node that was initially diagnosed as a B-cell lymphoma by Tru-Cut biopsy. The correct diagnosis was established by excision biopsy and immunohistochemistry.