Altered Blood Molecular Markers of Cardiovascular Function in Rats after Intrauterine Hypoxia and Drug Therapy.

Many children and adults who have suffered prenatal hypoxia at an early age develop many serious diseases. This disease is an actual problem of pediatric cardiology and little studied. The aim was to analyze the cardioprotective effect of L-arginine, Thiotriazoline, Angioline, and Mildronate on the cardiovascular system of rats after prenatal hypoxia.

Cardioprotective Activity of Pharmacological Agents Affecting NO Production and Bioavailability in the Early Postnatal Period after Intrauterine Hypoxia in Rats.

Intrauterine hypoxia in newborns leads to a multifaceted array of alterations that exert a detrimental impact on the cardiovascular system. The aim of this research was to assess the cardioprotective effects of modulators of the nitric oxide (NO) system, including L-arginine, Thiotriazoline, Angiolin, and Mildronate, during the early postnatal period following intrauterine hypoxia. Methods: The study involved 50 female white rats.

Unveiling the potential pleiotropic effects of metformin in treating COVID-19: a comprehensive review.

This review article explores the potential of metformin, a medication commonly used for type 2 diabetes, as an antiviral and anti-inflammatory agent in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Metformin has demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture models and has shown promising results in reducing viral load and achieving undetectable viral levels in clinical trials. Additionally, metformin exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating immune cell function, which may help prevent cytokine storms associated with severe COVID-19.

Case report: Azithromycin-meropenem combination therapy as a low-cost approach to combat PDR gram-negative infections of war wounds in Ukraine.

Antimicrobial resistance recognised as a major global health problem and it poses a significant challenge in conflict zones, such as the Russia-Ukraine war. This case study focuses on a 32-year-old soldier who sustained combat-related injuries, including extensive wound infections caused by multidrug-resistant and pan-resistant bacteria and was successfully treated with azithromycin-meropenem combination therapy. The emergence of pan-resistant bacteria, particularly a pandrug-resistant strain of , highlights the severity of the problem and the limited treatment options available.

Gene expression of protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 (PRKAA1), solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes patients with COVID-19: impact on inflammation markers.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global health crisis that has severely impacted patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D patients have a higher risk of experiencing severe COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalization, and mortality compared to patients without diabetes. The dysregulated immune response in T2D patients can exacerbate the severity of COVID-19 symptoms.

Association of Myocardial Changes and Gene Expression of the and -Calcineurin Signaling Pathway in Children with Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Background: The role of NFATC gene expression in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) progression is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to determine the significance of NFATC1 and NFATC4 gene expression for myocardial changes in children with BAV.

Methods: In 47 children with BAV, the standard Doppler echocardiographic characteristics were detected, and the expression of the NFATC1 and NFATC4 genes was studied.

Effects of metformin on the gut microbiota: A systematic review.

Background: The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor in human health and disease. Metformin, a commonly prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes, has been studied for its potential impact on the gut microbiota in preclinical models. However, the effects of metformin on the gut microbiota in humans remain uncertain.

Genetic Predictors of Comorbid Course of COVID-19 and MAFLD: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its potential impact on the severity of COVID-19 have gained significant attention during the pandemic. This review aimed to explore the genetic determinants associated with MAFLD, previously recognized as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and their potential influence on COVID-19 outcomes. Various genetic polymorphisms, including PNPLA3 (rs738409), GCKR (rs780094), TM6SF2 (rs58542926), and LYPLAL1 (rs12137855), have been investigated in relation to MAFLD susceptibility and progression.

Identifying risk factors and disease severity in leptospirosis: A meta-analysis of clinical predictors.

Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. In order to identify potential risk factors and predictors of disease severity, a meta-analysis of the clinical features of severe and non-severe leptospirosis patients was conducted. PubMed was searched to collect studies on the difference in clinical characteristics of severe and nonsevere patients, and data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V3 software.

Infectious diseases during the Russian-Ukrainian war - Morbidity in the Transcarpathian region as a marker of epidemic danger on the EU border.

•The Transcarpathian region in Ukraine has received over 350,000 Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) since the beginning of the invasion, making the region vulnerable to outbreaks of communicable diseases.•The coverage of vital vaccination programs has been substantially harmed since the invasion began, with many children displaced without documentation and their vaccination status unknown.•The conditions in which IDPs in Transcarpathia reside risk local outbreaks of infectious diseases and their transmission into EU countries, making it vital to continue supporting Ukrainian healthcare authorities on the pivotal issue of vaccination.

Metformin Therapy Changes Gut Microbiota Alpha-Diversity in COVID-19 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Antibiotic Treatment.

The gut microbiota play a crucial role in maintaining host health and have a significant impact on human health and disease. In this study, we investigated the alpha diversity of gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients and analyzed the impact of COVID-19 variants, antibiotic treatment, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metformin therapy on gut microbiota composition and diversity. We used a culture-based method to analyze the gut microbiota and calculated alpha-diversity using the Shannon H' and Simpson 1/D indices.

The Intersection of COVID-19 and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: An Overview of the Current Evidence.

The global population is currently experiencing the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which has caused the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. With our profound comprehension of COVID-19, encompassing the involvement sequence of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal system, and cardiovascular apparatus, the multiorgan symptoms of this infectious disease have been discerned. Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a pervasive public health concern intricately linked with metabolic dysregulation and estimated to afflict one-fourth of the global adult population.

The F/B ratio as a biomarker for inflammation in COVID-19 and T2D: Impact of metformin.

The pandemic of COVID-19 has highlighted the intricate relationship between gut microbiome and overall health. Recent studies have shown that the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiome may be linked to various diseases including COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Understanding the link between gut microbiome and these diseases is essential for developing strategies for prevention and treatment.

Therapeutic Effectiveness of Interferon-α2b against COVID-19 with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: The Ukrainian Experience.

Despite several targeted antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 currently being available, the application of type I interferons (IFNs) still deserves attention as an alternative antiviral strategy. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of IFN-α in hospitalized patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia. The prospective cohort study included 130 adult patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Target B Lymphocytes.

Autoimmune disorders and some types of blood cancer originate when B lymphocytes malfunction. In particular, when B cells produce antibodies recognizing the body's proteins, it leads to various autoimmune disorders. Additionally, when B cells of various developmental stages transform into cancer cells, it results in blood cancers, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia.

EXPERIMENTAL GESTATIONAL DIABETES DISRUPTS THE FORMATION OF IMMUNE TOLERANCE IN OFFSPRING.

Objective: The aim: To analyze the mRNA gene expression level of Aire, Deaf1, Foxp3, Ctla4, Il10, Nlrp3 and distribution of NLRP3+-cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of the offspring of rats with GD, both untreated and treated with glibenclamide and in conditions of insulin oral tolerance formation.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study involves 160 male rats, one- or six-month-old. The mRNA genes expression was studied by real time quantitative poly¬merase chain reaction.

Gut microbiota in patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes: A culture-based method.

Background: The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to affect people around the world, with one of the most frequent comorbidities being Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Studies have suggested a link between disbalances in gut microbiota and these diseases, as well as with COVID-19, potentially due to inflammatory dysfunction. This study aims to analyze the changes in gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients with T2D using a culture-based method.

Efficacy of interferon alpha for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: IFN-α intervention may block SARS-CoV-2 replication and normalize the deregulated innate immunity of COVID-19.

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of interferon IFN-α-containing regimens when treating patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19.

Material And Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, and ClinicalTrials.

Weil's Disease-Immunopathogenesis, Multiple Organ Failure, and Potential Role of Gut Microbiota.

Leptospirosis is an important zoonotic disease, causing about 60,000 deaths annually. In this review, we have described in detail the immunopathogenesis of leptospirosis, the influence of cytokines, genetic susceptibility on the course of the disease, and the evasion of the immune response. These data are combined with information about immunological and pathomorphological changes in the kidneys, liver, and lungs, which are most affected by Weil's disease.

Oral Administration of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Induction of Th2/Treg Cells and Suppression of Th1/Th17 Immune Responses.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been widely used to determine the pathogenesis of the disease and evaluate new treatment strategies for MS. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of oral administration of a Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) in the treatment of EAE.

Prediction of the cognitive impairment development in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism.

The aim of the present work is to define the risk factors that can affect the presence of a cognitive impairment and analyze the associations of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphism (rs6265), vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism (rs2228570), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor gene polymorphism (rs4880213) with the cognitive impairment in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism in the Western Ukraine population and predict the development of cognitive disorders in these patients. The study involved 153 patients with various forms of thyroid pathology (hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, elevated serum antibodies anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase). Cognitive impairment in the examined patients was evaluated based on the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test.

Azithromycin possesses biofilm-inhibitory activity and potentiates non-bactericidal colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) and polymyxin B against Klebsiella pneumonia.

Novel antibiotic combinations may act synergistically to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens but predicting which combination will be successful is difficult, and standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing may not identify important physiological differences between planktonic free-swimming and biofilm-protected surface-attached sessile cells. Using a nominally macrolide-resistant model Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (ATCC 10031) we demonstrate the effectiveness of several macrolides in inhibiting biofilm growth in multi-well plates, and the ability of azithromycin (AZM) to improve the effectiveness of the antibacterial last-agent-of-choice for K. pneumoniae infections, colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), against biofilms.

Immunoregulatory Intestinal Microbiota and COVID-19 in Patients with Type Two Diabetes: A Double-Edged Sword.

Coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, is a major challenge facing scientists worldwide. Alongside the lungs, the system of organs comprising the GI tract is commonly targeted by COVID-19. The dysbiotic modulations in the intestine influence the disease severity, potentially due to the ability of the intestinal microbiota to modulate T lymphocyte functions, i.