Fetal cannabidiol (CBD) exposure alters thermal pain sensitivity, problem-solving, and prefrontal cortex excitability.

Thousands of people suffer from nausea with pregnancy each year. Nausea can be alleviated with cannabidiol (CBD), a primary component of cannabis that is widely available. However, it is unknown how fetal CBD exposure affects embryonic development and postnatal outcomes.

Intrauterine exposure to nicotine through maternal vaping disrupts embryonic lung and skeletal development via the Kcnj2 potassium channel.

Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy is associated with adverse effects on infants including low birth weight, defective lung development, and skeletal abnormalities. Pregnant women are increasingly turning to vaping [use of electronic (e)-cigarettes] as a perceived safer alternative to cigarettes. However, nicotine disrupts fetal development, suggesting that like cigarette smoking, nicotine vaping may be detrimental to the fetus.