Fetoscopic laser versus amnioreduction, septostomy, and expected management for the treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS): an economic evaluation analysis in Iran.

Background: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) affects 10-15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies. Without treatment, their mortality rates would be considerable. There are differences in survival rate between different therapeutic modalities.

Estimating the number of required nurses in different types of hospitals: An application of the workload indicators of staffing needs (WISNS) method.

Background: Health system performance depends on the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of health workforces. Policymakers seek whether the number of nurses is optimally matched based on patients' needs. This study aimed to assess the workforce stock, workload activities, activity standards, and workload pressure to determine the number of required nurses in different types of hospitals in Iran.

A Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of a Multi-interventional Approach for Fall Prevention.

Background And Objectives: Falls are one of the most common adverse events at hospitals that may result in injury and even death. They are also associated with raised length of stay (LOS) and hospitalization costs. This experiment aimed to examine the effectiveness of multiple interventions in reducing inpatient fall rates and the consequent injuries.

A multi-phase approach for developing a conceptual model for human resources for health observatory (HRHO) toward integrating data and evidence: a case study of Iran.

Background: Evidence-informed policymaking on human resources for health (HRH) has been directly linked with health system productivity, accessibility, equity, quality, and efficiency. The lack of reliable HRH data has made the task of planning the HRH more difficult in all settings.

Aim: This study aimed to develop a conceptual model to integrate HRH data and evidence.

Establishing an Observatory on Human Resources for Health (HRH) in Iran: A Qualitative Case Study.

Many countries face critical challenges due to shortage and maldistribution of human resources for health (HRH). An HRH observatory can be used as a mechanism to monitor HRH issues and facilitate evidence-based decision-making. This study aims to identify the essential elements of an HRH observatory for Iran.

Cost-effectiveness of neuroimaging technologies in management of psychiatric and insomnia disorders: A meta-analysis and prospective cost analysis.

Background: The optimal diagnostic strategy for patients with psychiatric and insomnia disorders has not been established yet.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to perform cost-effectiveness analysis of six neuroimaging technologies in diagnosis of patients with psychiatric and insomnia disorders.

Methods: An economic evaluation study was conducted in three parts, including a systematic review for determining diagnostic accuracy, a descriptive cross-sectional study with Activity-Based Costing (ABC) technique for tracing resource consumption, and a cost-effectiveness analysis using a short-term decision-analytic model.

Effective thermodynamics of two interacting underdamped Brownian particles.

Starting from the stochastic thermodynamics description of two coupled underdamped Brownian particles, we showcase and compare three different coarse-graining schemes leading to an effective thermodynamic description for the first of the two particles: marginalization over one particle, bipartite structure with information flows, and the Hamiltonian of mean force formalism. In the limit of time-scale separation where the second particle with a fast relaxation time scale locally equilibrates with respect to the coordinates of the first slowly relaxing particle, the effective thermodynamics resulting from the first and third approach are shown to capture the full thermodynamics and to coincide with each other. In the bipartite approach, the slow part does not, in general, allow for an exact thermodynamic description as the entropic exchange between the particles is ignored.

Pressure Ulcer Rate in Multidisciplinary Hospital Units After Multifactorial Intervention: A Stepped-Wedge, Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: This study was conducted to measure the effectiveness of interventions in decreasing the rates of pressure ulcer in a general hospital setting.

Methods: Sixteen units in a general hospitals in Iran participated in this stepped-wedge, cluster randomized controlled trial during a 45-week study period. This trial has a one-sided crossover design from control to intervention.