Dosimetry Sensitivity in a Lower Dimensional Model of Patient-Specific Asthma Subjects.

Objective: Experimental uncertainty will impact in silico model calculations of aerosol delivery and deposition. Patient-specific dosimetry models are often parameterized based on medical imaging data, which contain inherent experimental variability.

Methods: Here, we created and parameterized 1D models of three subject-specific asthmatic subjects and randomly assigned perturbations of up to 15 % on airway diameter, segmental volume, and defected volume.

A whole lung in silico model to estimate age dependent particle dosimetry.

Anatomical and physiological changes alter airflow characteristics and aerosol distribution in the developing lung. Correlation between age and aerosol dosimetry is needed, specifically because youth are more susceptible to medication side effects. In this study, we estimate aerosol dosages (particle diameters of 1, 3, and 5 [Formula: see text]m) in a 3 month-old infant, a 6 year-old child, and a 36 year-old adult by performing whole lung subject-specific particle simulations throughout respiration.

Particle transport and deposition correlation with near-wall flow characteristic under inspiratory airflow in lung airways.

Exposure of lung airways to detrimental suspended aerosols in the environment increases the vulnerability of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. In addition, recent developments in therapeutic inhalation devices magnify the importance of particle transport. In this manuscript, particle transport and deposition patterns in the upper tracheobronchial (TB) tree were studied where the inertial forces are considerable for microparticles.

Patient-specific modeling of aerosol delivery in healthy and asthmatic adults.

The magnitude and regional heterogeneity of airway obstructions in severe asthmatics is likely linked to insufficient drug delivery, as evidenced by the inability to mitigate exacerbations with inhaled aerosol medications. To understand the correlation between morphometric features, airflow distribution, and inhaled dosimetry, we perform dynamic computational simulations in two healthy and four asthmatic subjects. Models incorporate computed tomography-based and patient-specific central airway geometries and hyperpolarized He MRI-measured segmental ventilation defect percentages (SVDPs), implemented as resistance boundary conditions.

Patient-Specific Computational Simulations of Hyperpolarized 3He MRI Ventilation Defects in Healthy and Asthmatic Subjects.

Unlabelled: Combined, medical imaging data and respiratory computer simulations may facilitate novel insight into pulmonary disease phenotypes, including the structure/function relationships within the airways. This integration may ultimately enable improved classification and treatment of asthma. Severe asthma (15% of asthmatics) is particularly challenging to treat, as these patients do not respond well to inhaled therapeutics.

Regional flow and deposition variability in adult female lungs: A numerical simulation pilot study.

Background: Despite the promise of respiratory simulations improving diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases, model predictions have yet to be translated into the clinical setting. Current state-of-the-art in silico models have not yet incorporated subject variability in their predictions of airflow distributions and extent of deposited particles. Until inter-subject variability is accounted for in lung modeling, it will remain impossible to translate model predictions into clinical practice.