Efficacy of drug treatment for severe melioidosis and eradication treatment of melioidosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare the efficacy of all available treatments for severe melioidosis in decreasing hospital mortality and to identify eradication therapies with low disease recurrence rates and minimal risk of adverse drug events (AEs).

Methodology: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) were searched from Medline and Scopus databases from their inception until July 31, 2022. RCTs that compared the efficacy between treatment regimens for severe melioidosis or eradication therapy of melioidosis, measured outcomes of in-hospital mortality, disease recurrence, drug discontinuation, or AEs, were included for review.

Co-Infection with and COVID-19 in Thailand.

With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, healthcare systems not only had to address the pressing clinical needs of the COVID-19 pandemic but anticipate the effect on and of other conditions and diseases. This was of particular concern in areas of the world endemic with malaria, a disease which takes hundreds of thousands of lives each year. This case report from Thailand describes a 25-year-old man diagnosed with , who was then found to be co-infected with COVID-19.

Case series of three malaria patients from Thailand infected with the simian parasite, Plasmodium cynomolgi.

Background: While human cases of Plasmodium knowlesi are now regularly recognized in Southeast Asia, infections with other simian malaria species, such as Plasmodium cynomolgi, are still rare. There has been a handful of clinical cases described, all from Malaysia, and retrospective studies of archived blood samples in Thailand and Cambodia have discovered the presence P. cynomolgi in isolates using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays.

Update on and Nontyphoidal Salmonella Antimicrobial Drug Resistance: Implications on Empirical Treatment of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Cambodia.

Information on causative diarrheal pathogens and their associated antimicrobial susceptibility remains limited for Cambodia. This study describes antimicrobial resistance patterns for and nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates collected in Cambodia over a 5-year period. Multidrug resistance was shown in 98% of isolates, with 70%, 11%, and 29% of isolates being resistant to fluoroquinolones, azithromycin, and cephalosporin, respectively.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase prevalence and virulence factor characterization of enterotoxigenic responsible for acute diarrhea in Nepal from 2001 to 2016.

Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial species are an increasingly dangerous public health threat, and are now endemic in many areas of South Asia. However, there are a lack of comprehensive data from many countries in this region determining historic and current MDR prevalence. Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) is a leading cause of both acute infant diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea in Nepal.

Multidrug-Resistant Shigella Infections in Patients with Diarrhea, Cambodia, 2014-2015.

We observed multidrug resistance in 10 (91%) of 11 Shigella isolates from a diarrheal surveillance study in Cambodia. One isolate was resistant to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins and showed decreased susceptibility to azithromycin. We found mutations in gyrA, parC, β-lactamase, and mphA genes.

Molecular characterization and PCR-based replicon typing of multidrug resistant Shigella sonnei isolates from an outbreak in Thimphu, Bhutan.

Background: Shigella species are an important cause of diarrhea in developing countries. These bacteria normally acquire their antibiotic resistance via several different mobile genetic elements including plasmids, transposons, and integrons involving gene cassettes. During a diarrhea surveillance study in Thimphu, Bhutan in June and July, 2011, Shigella sonnei were isolated more frequently than expected.

Enteric pathogen sampling of tourist restaurants in Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: Travelers' diarrhea (TD) is the most prevalent disorder affecting travelers to developing countries. Thailand is considered "moderately risky" for TD acquisition, but the risk by city visited or behavior of the visitor has yet to be definitely defined. Restaurant eating is consistently associated with the acquisition of diarrhea while traveling, and pathogen-free meals serve as a marker of public health success.