Baicalein prevents stress-induced anxiety behaviors in zebrafish model.

Baicalein is a flavonoid mainly obtained from plants with wide range of biological activities, including neuroprotection. An acute and unexpected chronic stress (UCS) protocol has recently been adapted to zebrafish, a popular vertebrate model in brain research. The present study was aimed to evaluate baicalein's anti-anxiety potential in a zebrafish model by induction, which included neuropharmacological evaluation to determine behavioural parameters in the novel tank diving test (NTDT) and light-dark preference test (LDPT).

Potential effects of noni ( L.) fruits extract against obsessive-compulsive disorder in marble burying and nestlet shredding behavior mice models.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and complex psychiatric disorder that usually includes both obsessions and compulsions. L. (Noni) is a functional food and it is a well-known plant due to its potential therapeutic effects on human health in many disorders including neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.

PKC inhibitor reversed the suppressive effect of orexin-A on IPSCs of locus coeruleus neurons in naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal.

The locus coeruleus (LC) as a target of addictive drugs receives a dense projection of orexinergic fibres from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and is accordingly a candidate site for the expression of the somatic aspects of morphine withdrawal. Recently it has been shown that the inhibitory synaptic currents of LC neurons decrease partly through orexin type 1 receptors in the context of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal; however, its cellular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, whole-cell patch clamp recordings of LC neurons in brainstem slices were used to investigate the impact of protein kinase C (PKC) on GABAergic inhibitory post-synaptic currents (IPSCs) in the context of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal.

Methanolic extract of Mitragyna speciosa Korth leaf inhibits ethanol seeking behaviour in mice: involvement of antidopaminergic mechanism.

In the current study, the effect of methanolic extract of Mitragyna speciosa leaf (MMS) against the rewarding and reinforcing properties of ethanol using a mouse model of conditioned place preference (CPP) and runway model of drug self-administration was studied. Subsequently, the effect of MMS on dopamine level in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the mouse brain was further investigated. From the data obtained, MMS (50 and 75 mg/kg, p.

Methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn. unripe fruit attenuates methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preferences in mice.

The first objective of the present study was to determine the appropriate dose of methamphetamine (Meth) to induce a successful conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice. The next objective was to examine the effect of a methanolic extract of M. citrifolia unripe fruit (MMC) against Meth-induced CPP in mice.

Anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like activities of a methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn. (noni) fruit in mice: Involvement of benzodiazepine-GABAergic, serotonergic and adrenergic systems.

This study presents anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of a methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn. (noni) fruit (MMC) in well-established mouse models of anxiety and depression. The administration of MMC (1 g/kg, p.

Antipsychotic-like activity of scopoletin and rutin against the positive symptoms of schizophrenia in mouse models.

In an earlier report, we demonstrated an antipsychotic-like activity of a methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia Linn fruit in mouse models and postulated the contribution of its bioactive principles, scopoletin and rutin. Moreover, the antidopaminergic activities of scopoletin and rutin were reported in isolated vas deferens preparations. In the present study, scopoletin and rutin were assessed for antipsychotic-like activity using apomorphine-induced climbing behavior and methamphetamine-induced stereotypy in mice.

PHYTOCHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROFILES OF TRAGIA SPECIES (FAMILY: EUPHORBIACEAE).

Background: Tragia belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae which contains about 152 species. Interestingly, most of the earlier investigations have been done using only five Tragia species, namely, , , , , and . The objective of the present review is to compile the phytochemical, pharmacological and biological studies of the selected five Tragia species reported in the literature.

The ethyl acetate fraction of a methanolic extract of unripe noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) fruit exhibits a biphasic effect on the dopaminergic system in mice.

In earlier ex vivo studies, we reported the biphasic effect of a methanolic extract of unripe Morinda citrifolia fruit (MMC) on dopamine-induced contractility in isolated rat vas deferens preparations. The present in vivo study was designed and undertaken to further explore our earlier ex vivo findings. This study examined the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of a methanolic extract of unripe Morinda citrifolia Linn.

Leaf Extract Exhibits Antipsychotic-Like Effect with the Potential to Alleviate Positive and Negative Symptoms of Psychosis in Mice.

In this study, we investigated the antipsychotic-like effect of methanolic extract of leaf (MMS) using and studies. studies comprised of apomorphine-induced climbing behavior, haloperidol-induced catalepsy, and ketamine-induced social withdrawal tests in mice whereas the study was conducted utilizing isolated rat vas deferens preparation. Acute oral administration of MMS (50-500 mg/kg) showed an inverted bell-shaped dose-response in apomorphine-induced cage climbing behavior in mice.