Should we change the cannulation site for right subclavian artery cannulation? An experimental study with a newly designed cannula.

Background:: In this experimental study, we primarily aimed to show the hemodynamic effects and superiority of this newly designed cannula for perfusion compared to standard subclavian cannulation. The new cannula (Figure 1) allows bidirectional axial flow and it directly fits in the brachiocephalic trunk (innominate artery).

Methods:: We used a cardiopulmonary bypass roller pump, reservoir, 3/8- 1/2- 1/4-inch Y-connectors and tubing set.

[Cryopreservation of plasmodia with malaria models and establishment of a cryobank].

Objective: Cryopreservation is simply a method of keeping living cells frozen with the chance of regaining cellular viability, functions and antigenic structures whenever required, after heating.

Methods: In the present study, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was mixed with the red blood cells having 20% of parasitemia obtained from the mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei at a final concentration of 15%. For cryopreservation: both test tubes containing each Plasmodium species were kept 10 minutes at room temperature, 30 minutes at +4°C, 90 minutes at -20°C and finally at -80°C.