A 31-year follow-up of those with occult spinal dysraphism, who underwent spinal cord untethering: Lower urinary tract function, skin stigmata, fertility, and work participation.

Objectives: This study evaluated patients with occult spinal dysraphism who underwent spinal cord untethering.

Methods: Twenty-four patients who visited us between 1983 and 2000 were followed-up for a mean duration of 31 years. We studied their lower urinary tract function, skin stigmata, fertility, and work participation.

Development and validation of a survival nomogram and calculator for male patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone acetate and/or enzalutamide.

Background: Despite the widespread availability of medication choices for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), biomarkers to predict the efficacy of each mCRPC treatment have not yet been established. This study developed a prognostic nomogram and a calculator to predict the prognosis of patients with mCRPC who received abiraterone acetate (ABI) and/or enzalutamide (ENZ).

Methods: In total, 568 patients with mCRPC who underwent ABI and/or ENZ between 2012 and 2017 were enrolled.

pT3 subclassification of renal pelvic cancer considering the tumor location improves the patients' prognostic accuracy.

Whether pT3 urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis (UCRP) and urothelial carcinoma of the ureter (UCU) have the same prognosis is controversial, this study compared the prognosis of pT3 UCRP with that of pT3 UCU. We retrospectively evaluated 954 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy at our institutions between January 1983 and December 2017. All surgical specimens were reviewed by a single genitourinary pathologist.

A high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a poor prognostic factor for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients who undergo abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide treatment.

Background: Inflammatory cytokine markers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, play important roles as prognostic markers in several solid malignancies, including prostate cancer. We previously reported the NLR as a poor prognostic marker in bladder cancer, upper-urothelial carcinoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, penile cancer, and prostate cancer. This study examined the importance of the NLR as a prognostic marker for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients who received abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide.

Response of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate to androgen deprivation therapy predicts prostate cancer prognosis in radical prostatectomy patients.

Background: Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) has a poor prognosis and is thought to be completely resistant to current therapies, including androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). However, to date, there are no data showing direct evidence of such resistance.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 145 patients with high-risk prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) with neoadjuvant ADT between 1991 and 2005.

Integrating tertiary Gleason pattern 5 into the ISUP grading system improves prediction of biochemical recurrence in radical prostatectomy patients.

Although the presence of tertiary Gleason pattern 5 is reportedly related to unfavorable prostate cancer characteristics, few data are available regarding the effects of tertiary Gleason pattern 5 on the new ISUP (International Society of Urological Pathology) grading system in radical prostatectomy patients. In this study, we evaluated the effect of tertiary Gleason pattern 5 on biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer. We retrospectively evaluated 1000 patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy.

Efficacy of docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with intraductal carcinoma of the prostate.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively identified 79 CRPC patients with distant metastasis at initial diagnosis from June 2002 to January 2014. All patients received initial androgen deprivation therapy and 46 received docetaxel chemotherapy after progressing to CRPC.

Prognostic parameter for high risk prostate cancer patients at initial presentation.

Background: High-risk prostate cancer can be defined by a patient's Gleason score (GS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and clinical T (cT) stage, but a novel marker is needed due to heterogeneity of the disease. In this study, we evaluated whether intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) confirmed by needle biopsy is an adverse prognostic parameter for progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with high-risk prostate cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 204 patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated by radical prostatectomy from 1991 to 2005 at Nagoya University and its affiliated hospitals.

Factors having effect on graft survival in cadaveric renal transplantation.

Background: One of the problems of cadaveric renal transplantation is that its graft survival rate is less than that for living renal transplantation. We aim to study relationships between the graft survival of cadaveric renal transplantation patients and various factors.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 350 cadaveric renal transplantation patients from our institutions from 1983 to 2011.

A new treatment for retroperitoneal fibrosis: initial experiences of using Seprafilm® to wrap the ureter.

Objective: To confirm the efficacy of using Seprafilm® (Genzyme Corp., Cambridge, MA, USA) for wrapping the ureter to treat the ureteric stenosis caused by retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF).

Patients And Methods: Between August 2010 and September 2012, 11 ureters in eight patients with RPF (seven males and one female, mean age 65 years) were treated.

Correlation between treated hypertension in prepregnancy and transplanted kidney function deterioration during pregnancy even if within pregnancy permission criteria.

Neither pregnancy nor birth is easy in female patients with chronic renal failure, but after kidney transplantation, childbirth is possible when the graft function is good. There are few guidelines for pregnancy permission and multiple reports of decreased transplanted kidney function after pregnancy. In this study, we analyzed factors that influenced transplanted kidney function deterioration during pregnancy.

(99m)Tc-mercaptoacetyl triglycine renography to monitor renal transplant function among kidneys from donors after cardiac death.

Purpose: Delayed graft function usually occurs after kidney transplantation from donors after cardiac death, It is important to monitor graft function during the anuric period, but there have been few useful tools. Consequently, we evaluated the availability of (99m)-Tc mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) renography.

Methods: Thirty-two patients underwent renal transplantation from donors after cardiac death between June 2, 2005, and April 14, 2011.

Correlations among Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, Bother, and Quality of Life in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Associated Fluctuations with Tamsulosin Administration.

Objectives: To estimate correlations among lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), bother, and quality of life (QOL) and assess fluctuations in these parameters after α1-blocker administration in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: Untreated BPH patients with international prostate symptom scores (IPSS) ≥ 8 and IPSS-QOL scores ≥ 2 were administered tamsulosin at 0.2 mg/day for 4 weeks in a prospective multicenter study.

Is estimated donor glomerular filtration rate before death a better predictor of decreased-donor kidney function?

The worldwide shortage of deceased-donor kidneys for transplantation has become a serious issue in the past decade, leading to study of marginal donors. However, both the availability and the utility of kidneys from deceased donors are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate another method to estimate donor kidney function rather than using donor creatinine (Cr).

Relationship between renal parenchymal volume and single kidney glomerular filtration rate before and after unilateral nephrectomy.

Objectives: To measure the renal parenchymal volume (RPV) before and after unilateral nephrectomy and investigate the relationship between the RPV and single kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Methods: From November 2003 to August 2009, 183 patients who had undergone unilateral nephrectomy were enrolled in the present study. All patients had undergone preoperative technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy.

[Multi-center study for standardisation of perioperative management of radical prostatectomy using clinical pathways].

Purpose: Our previous study indicated that there was a great variety in the perioperative management of radical prostatectomy among hospitals. Therefore we conducted a multiinstitutional study in order to standardize the perioperative management using clinical pathways.

Materials And Methods: The perioperative data on radical prostatectomy were collected between January and December 2004 (Period 1) from eight hospitals.

Change in contralateral renal parenchymal volume 1 week after unilateral nephrectomy.

Objectives: To measure the contralateral renal parenchymal volume (RPV) before and after nephrectomy and investigate the factors influencing compensatory hypertrophy. Unilateral nephrectomy induces compensatory hypertrophy in the contralateral kidney.

Methods: From December 2003 to January 2008, 142 patients undergoing nephrectomy were enrolled in this study.

Laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy: a multicenter analysis in Japan.

Background: Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LNUx) is prevalent in Japan and throughout the world, but long-term outcome data remain limited.

Objective: To understand the present state of LNUx in Japan, we conducted a multicenter analysis of clinical outcome and long-term cancer control for patients who underwent the procedure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Between January 1995 and December 2005, 1003 patients with urothelial cancer in the upper urinary tract were treated with LNUx at 51 institutions in Japan, and patient data were collected retrospectively.

Neural tube defects: prevalence, etiology and prevention.

Spina bifida and anencephaly, the common form of neural tube defects, affect approximately 300 000 newborns each year worldwide. The effectiveness of folic acid supplementation in preventing their occurrence or recurrence has been unambiguous since 1991. In general, the prevalence of these abnormalities has decreased in the past 20 to 30 years because of periconceptional folate supplementation, food fortification in several countries, avoiding exposure to environmental factors, and increased accuracy of prenatal screening for fetal anomalies.

Ischemic renal damage after nephron-sparing surgery in patients with normal contralateral kidney.

Background: Although nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) has been reported not to affect total renal function, the functional damage of the operated kidney is masked by the contralateral kidney in elective indications.

Objective: To determine ischemic renal damage after NSS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: From August 2005 to October 2007, 32 consecutive patients with elective indications underwent NSS.

[Periconceptional intake of folate reduces the risk of neural tube defects: awareness among urologists in 2007].

Aims: Folic acid is one of water-soluble Vitamin B group and plays an important role in proliferating cells of the fetus. A multicentered, randomized control trial proved in 1991 that folic acid supplements of 4 mg per day periconceptionally administered to 1031 women who were recruited from 7 countries and had afflicted prior pregnancy successfully prevented 72% of recurrence of neural tube defects. As a primary prevention method, the Government has recommended to take 400 microgram of folate supplements per day from 4 weeks before and 12 weeks after conception.

[Renal cell carcinoma presenting high serum level of CA19-9 due to hydronephrosis: a case report].

A 58-year old female was referred to our hospital due to left renal cyst that was pointed out at her health check-up. Abdominal CT scan showed left hydronephrosis with a 20 x 12 x 11cm tumor. The serum CA19-9 level elevated to 4,400 U/ml.

[Triple cancer in the urinary system: a case report].

A 74-year-old male was referred to our hospital due to microhematuria that was pointed out at his health check-up. Cystoscopy showed many papillary bladder tumors under 5 mm in size. Intravenous pyelography also showed deformity of the right kidney and shadow defects in the left renal pelvis.

[Questionnaire survey of peri-operative management of radical prostatectomy for the educational institutions of Japanese urological association].

Objectives: The perioperative management of radical prostatectomy in Japan has not been investigated previously. It would be significant to document present management practices.

Methods: A questionnaire survey of 1,213 educational institutions of Japanese urological association was conducted by mail.