Open versus laparoscopic Hartmann's procedure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Hartmann's procedure is traditionally performed in emergency situations where single-step procedures with immediate anastomosis may be unsafe. However, it can be associated with significant morbidity and low colostomy reversal rate. Whilst randomised controlled trials and a Cochrane review have reported strong evidence of laparoscopic over open colectomies, no such reviews have been performed for Hartmann's procedure.

Outcomes of Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasties Performed for Proximal Humeral Fractures Versus Elective Etiologies.

Background: Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty is commonly performed for elective indications, such as cuff tear arthropathies, salvage arthropathies and tumours with excellent outcomes. However, its use in treating acute conditions such as 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures in the elderly has been more controversial. The aim of our study is to directly compare the short-term intra-operative and post-operative outcomes of RTSA for traumatic proximal humeral fractures as compared to elective shoulder arthroplasty.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Toward Dementia Among Middle-Aged Singapore Residents.

Background: Dementia is the decline in cognitive function sufficient to impair one's accustomed functioning. Countries with aging populations, such as Singapore, face rising rates of dementia. Dementia patients and their caregivers endure great financial and emotional stress.

Is underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of colon polyps superior to conventional techniques? A network analysis of endoscopic mucosal resection and submucosal dissection.

Evidence from recent trials comparing conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) to underwater EMR (UEMR) have matured. However, studies comparing UEMR to endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are lacking. Hence, we sought to conduct a comprehensive network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of UEMR, ESD, and EMR.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection for rectal carcinoid tumor. A meta-analysis and meta-regression with single-arm analysis.

Objective: As there has been so far no consensus on the best endoscopic resection technique, a meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for treating rectal carcinoid tumors.

Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for articles on the treatment of rectal carcinoid tumors using ESD vs EMR published up to October 2020 for outcomes including en bloc and complete resection, margin involvement, procedure time, requirement for additional surgery, bleeding, perforation and recurrence. Risk ratio and weighted mean differences were used for a DerSimonian and Laird random effects pairwise meta-analysis.

Teaching Medical Research to Medical Students: a Systematic Review.

Phenomenon: Research literacy remains important for equipping clinicians with the analytical skills to tackle an ever-evolving medical landscape and maintain an evidence-based approach when treating patients. While the role of research in medical education has been justified and established, the nuances involving modes of instruction and relevant outcomes for students have yet to be analyzed. Institutions acknowledge an increasing need to dedicate time and resources towards educating medical undergraduates on research but have individually implemented different pedagogies over differing lengths of time.

A network meta-analysis of direct oral anticoagulants for portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis.

Background: Current guidelines have limited consensus on the approach to portal venous thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhotic patients. While there is rising interest in direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) use for PVT, current evidence is limited by small sample size and lack of comparisons to traditional anticoagulants. Thus, a network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the use of DOACs with traditional anticoagulants.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection endoscopic mucosal resection for colorectal polyps: A meta-analysis and meta-regression with single arm analysis.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has shown to be effective in management of colorectal neoplasm in the Asian countries, while its implementation in Western countries where endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is preferred is still debatable.

Aim: To compare the surgical, histological, and oncological outcomes between ESD and EMR in the treatment of colorectal polyps, with subgroup analysis comparing the efficacy of ESD and EMR between Japan and the rest of the world.

Methods: Embase and Medline databases were searched from inception to October 2020 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines for studies comparing , complete resection, margin involvement, resection time, need for additional surgery, complications, and recurrence rate of ESD with EMR.

Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fracture: An Age-Based Treatment Algorithm.

Purpose: Fractures of the femoral shaft in children are common. The rates of bone growth and remodeling in children vary according to their ages, which affect their respective management.

Methods: This paper evaluates the incidence and patterns of pediatric femoral shaft fracture and the current concepts of treatments available.

Neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced colon cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: The role of perioperative or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced colon cancer is unclear. Emerging evidence such as the FOXTROT trial is challenging the conventional norm of upfront operation for these patients. However, these trials have yet to reach statistical significance.

Comparing complete mesocolic excision versus conventional colectomy for colon cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Conventional colectomy, and the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) D2 Lymphadenectomy (LND2), are currently considered standard of care for surgical management of colon cancer. Colectomy with complete mesocolic excision (CME) and JSCCR D3 Lymphadenectomy (LND3) are more radical alternative approaches and provide a greater degree of lymph nodal clearance. However, controversy exists over the long-term benefits of CME/LND3 over non-CME colectomies (NCME)/LND2.