Topiramate as a neuroprotective agent in a rat model of spinal cord injury.

Topiramate (TPM) is a widely used antiepileptic and antimigraine agent which has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in various experimental traumatic brain injury and stroke models. However, its utility in spinal cord injury has not been studied extensively. Thus, we evaluated effects of TPM on secondary cellular injury mechanisms in an experimental rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).

Using Salivary Nitrite and Nitrate Levels as a Biomarker for Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth.

Aim: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth has a multifactorial nature and the pathogenesis is still uncertain. It has been suggested that Nitric Oxide (NO) might play a role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth due to the contribution of NO to immune response and matrix degradation. NO levels in biological fluids have been used as a diagnostic biomarker in many diseases.

Evaluation of Oxidative Metabolism in Child and Adolescent Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: Oxidative metabolism is impaired in several medical conditions including psychiatric disorders, and this imbalance may be involved in the etiology of these diseases. The present study evaluated oxidative balance in pediatric and adolescent patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: The study included 48 children and adolescents (34 male, 14 female) with ADHD who had no neurological, systemic, or comorbid psychiatric disorders, with the exception of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and 24 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (17 male and seven female).

Nitrite and nitrate levels of gingival crevicular fluid and saliva in subjects with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.

Objectives: Nitrosative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The aim of this study is to analyze the gingival crevicular fluid and saliva nitrite and nitrate levels in periodontally healthy and diseased sites.

Material And Methods: A total of 60 individuals including, 20 chronic periodontitis and 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy controls participated in the present study.

Mucopolysaccharidosis: Otolaryngologic findings, obstructive sleep apnea and accumulation of glucosaminoglycans in lymphatic tissue of the upper airway.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate otolaryngologic problems (upper airway obstruction, obstructive sleep apnea, restriction of mouth opening, middle ear effusion, hearing and breathing problems) and their treatments on mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) patients and to investigate accumulation of glucosaminoglycans (GAG) in the upper airway biochemically and pathologically.

Methods: 76 MPS patients were evaluated. Forty-two MPS patients underwent polysomnography (PSG) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and dexamethasone on intrauterine ischemia in the fetal rat brain: ultrastructural evaluation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and dexamethasone on oxidative damage in intrauterine ischemia.

Material And Methods: In this study, 19-day pregnant rats were divided into five groups. Fetal brain ischemia was achieved in the ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) group by bilaterally closing the utero-ovarian artery with aneurysm clips for 30 min and subsequently removing the aneurysm clips for 60 min for reperfusion.

Effects of low-dose methotrexate in spinal cord injury in rats.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of low-dose methotrexate in the spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats.

Methods: Thirty-seven Wistar albino rats were used in the present study. Except for the animals of the Sham group, all animals were divided into two main groups, which were used in acute and subacute stage investigations.

Inpatient evaluation of periodontal, esthetic and inflammatory parameters around dental implants and natural teeth.

Aim: The use of endosseous dental implants (DI) has become a successful treatment alternative. However, providing periimplant tissue health and achieving a natural esthetic look are important topics in this treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate periodontal and esthetic parameters around DI and natural teeth (NT) and also to analyze myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF).

Effects of intracisternal and intravenous dexmedetomidine on ischemia-induced brain injury in rat: a comparative study.

Aim: To compare the effect of dexmedetomidine administered by intracisternal route with by intravenous route on brain tissue of rat after incomplete cerebral ischemia.

Material And Methods: Cerebral ischemia was produced by the combination of right common carotid artery occlusion and hemorrhagic hypotension during 30 minutes. Thirty minutes before the ischemia, 0.

The influence of platform switching on clinical, laboratory, and image-based measures: a prospective clinical study.

Purpose: This prospective study was conducted to compare the marginal bone level alterations, stability/mobility measurements, and volume of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO) of peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) between platform-switched (PS) and standard platform (SP) implants inserted to mandibular premolar/molar regions with a single-stage protocol.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two (16 PS and 16 SP) implants restorated with fixed prosthesis were included in the study. For both implant systems standard implant dimensions were used.

Effects of intracisternal dexmedetomidine on cerebral neuronal cells in rat: a preliminary study.

Aim: The aim was to investigate whether dexmedetomidine had a toxic effect on cerebral neurons when it was administered centrally into the cerebrospinal fluid by the intracisternal route.

Material And Methods: Eighteen rats were anesthetized and the right femoral artery was cannulated. Mean arterial pressures, heart rates, arterial carbon dioxide tension, arterial oxygen tension, and blood pH were recorded.

Evaluation of the neurotoxicity of the polyethylene glycol hydrogel dural sealant.

Aim: Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a neutral, biocompatible hydrophilic polymer recognized for its lack of interaction with biological barrier, its neurotoxicity has not been clearly identified in neurosurgery. This study is constructed to evaluate the possible neurotoxicity of a PEG hydrogel dural sealant.

Material And Methods: After a burrhole was opened in the left parietal bone of the twenty five Wistar albino rats, the dura mater and cerebral cortex were incised and the experimental material (activated polyethylene glycol and polyethylene imine) was sprayed into the burrhole.

The therapeutic effects of melatonin and nimodipine in rats after cerebral cortical injury.

Aim: Secondary brain injury starts after the initial traumatic impact and marked by an increase in the intracellular calcium concentrations.This cascadeeventually results in membrane lipid peroxidation and neuronal cell death.

Material And Methods: We investigated the neuro-protective effects of nimodipine and melatonin in 38 rats after 6 hours of head trauma using the cortical impact injury model of Marmarou.

Neuroprotective effects of propofol, thiopental, etomidate, and midazolam in fetal rat brain in ischemia-reperfusion model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of propofol, thiopental, etomidate, and midazolam as anesthetic drugs in fetal rat brain in the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model.

Methods: Pregnant rats of day 19 were randomly allocated into eight groups. Fetal brain ischemia was induced by clamping the utero-ovarian artery bilaterally for 30 min and reperfusion was achieved by removing the clamps for 60 min.

Effect of curcumin on lipid peroxidation, early ultrastructural findings and neurological recovery after experimental spinal cord contusion injury in rats.

Aim: After acute spinal cord injury (SCI), a large number of axons are lost by a cascade of pathophysiological events known as a secondary injury. The main aim of the current study was to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of curcumin on lipid peroxidation (LPO), neurological function, and ultrastructural findings after SCI.

Material And Methods: Forty adult Wistar albino rats were randomized into five groups: control, SCI alone (50 g/cm weight drop), methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) (30 mg/kg), curcumin + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (300 mg/kg), and DMSO alone (0.

Neuroprotective effects of racemic ketamine and (S)-ketamine on spinal cord injury in rat.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate and to compare the potential neuroprotective effects of racemic ketamine, (S)-ketamine and methylprednisolone after an experimental spinal cord injury model in rats.

Methods: Fifty-nine Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups as acute stage (A), subacute stage (SA) and sham groups and then acute and subacute stage groups were divided into four groups regarding the used drug as control (CONT), racemic ketamine (RK), (S)-ketamine (SK) and methylprednisolone (MP) groups. A dorsal laminectomy was performed; and spinal cord injury was induced by using a temporary aneurysm clip.

Methothrexate attenuates early neutrophil infiltration and the associated lipid peroxidation in the injured spinal cord but does not induce neurotoxicity in the uninjured spinal cord in rats.

Background: The goal of most acute therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) in humans include attenuation of the early inflammatory response and may limit the extent of tissue injury and the consequent disability.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the early effects of methothrexate (MTX) treatment on myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and ultrastructural findings in the injured and uninjured spinal cords of rats. The effects of MTX treatment were also compared with methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) treatment.

Effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on orthodontic tooth movement.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on (1) the velocity of orthodontic tooth movement and (2) the nitric oxide levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during orthodontic treatment. The sample consisted of 20 patients (14 girls, six boys) whose maxillary first premolars were extracted and canines distalized. A gallium-aluminum-arsenide (Ga-Al-As) diode laser was applied on the day 0, and the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days when the retraction of the maxillary lateral incisors was initiated.

Magnesium sulfate protects fetal skin from intrauterine ischemia reperfusion injury.

Intrauterine ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in fetus occurs with multifactorial pathogenesis and results with multiorgan injury including skin. Magnesium has widespread use in obstetric practice. Inn addition to magnesium's tocolytic and neuroprotective properties, it also has free radical reducing effects.

Analysis of cathepsin-K levels in biologic fluids from healthy or diseased natural teeth and dental implants.

Purpose: Cathepsin-K is an enzyme involved in bone metabolism. This feature may make it important both for natural teeth and dental implants. The aims of the present study were to comparatively analyze cathepsin-K levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) and to determine whether GCF and PISF cathepsin-K profiles reflect the clinical periodontal/peri-implant status.

Evaluation of the neurotoxicity of DMSO infused into the carotid artery of rat.

Introduction: Despite the explanations put forth in many studies regarding histopathological evidence of the inflammatory stage related with the infusion of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the vessel wall and its lumen, there has been no research to evaluate its neural toxicity when it is infused via the intracarotid route. This study was designed to evaluate the possible neurotoxic effects of DMSO on the closer and distant brain tissue and carotid artery when it was slowly infused into the internal carotid arteries of the rats.

Methods: The right common carotid artery bifurcation was exposed through a midline neck incision, and then except those of the control group animals (n=5), the experimental material (normal saline, n=5 or anhydrous DMSO, n=10) was infused into the internal carotid artery of the Wistar albino rats.

Analysis of cathepsin-K activity at tooth and dental implant sites and the potential of this enzyme in reflecting alveolar bone loss.

Background: Cathepsin-K is an enzyme involved in bone metabolism which may make this feature important for both natural teeth and dental implants. The aims of the present study are to comparatively analyze the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)/peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) cathepsin-K levels of natural teeth and dental implants, and to assess the potential relationship between this biochemical parameter and alveolar bone loss around natural teeth and dental implants.

Methods: Probing depth, bleeding on probing, gingival index, and plaque index clinical parameters were assessed, and GCF/PISF samples were obtained from natural teeth/dental implants presenting with either clinical health, gingivitis/peri-implant mucositis, or chronic periodontitis/peri-implantitis.

Differential hydrolysis of homocysteine thiolactone by purified human serum (192)Q and (192)R PON1 isoenzymes.

Human serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a HDL-associated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a variety of aromatic carboxylic acid esters and several organophosphates. Recently it has been suggested that a physiological substrate of serum PON1 is homocysteine thiolactone which is a putative risk factor in atherosclerosis. In this study, human (192)Q and (192)R PON1 isoenzymes were purified from the respective phenotype human serum, using a protocol consisting of ammonium sulfate precipitation and four chromatography steps: gel filtration, ion-exchange, non-specific affinity, and a second ion-exchange.

Effect of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on spinal cord tissue after experimental contusion injury.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the early effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and ultrastructural findings in rats after spinal cord injury (SCI). We also compared the effects of G-CSF and methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS). Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, SCI alone (50 g/cm weight drop trauma), SCI+MPSS (30 mg/kg), and SCI+G-CSF (50 μg/kg).