Urban greening in Dhaka: Assessing rooftop agriculture suitability using GIS and MCDM techniques.

Dhaka ranks among the world's most densely populated cities, with built-up areas expanding to accommodate the demands of a growing population. The rapid urbanization has reduced green space and exacerbated urban heat and pollution in the city. In the quest for a greener and healthier urban environment, rooftop agriculture has emerged as a promising solution, offering opportunities for the restoration of the environment and safe food production.

Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in planning the future energy systems of developing countries using an integrated MCDM approach in the off-grid areas of Bangladesh.

The COVID-19 epidemic is impeding energy development in developing countries and exacerbating the problems associated with energy planning in off-grid locations. To address such complicated decision-making issues and consider scenarios during this long-lasting pandemic, this study proposes a novel integrated MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision Making) approach using the Delphi based FO-BWM (Fuzzy Optimistic Best-Worst Method), IDOCRIW (Integrated Determination of Objective Criteria Weights) and the Aggregated Weighting Method integrated with the CoCoSo method under different normalization methods based on a case study of the off-grid areas in Bangladesh. The results of Delphi analysis showed that a total of five criteria were agreed upon by the expert panel.