Psychiatric hospital reform in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of literature.

Purpose: Psychiatric hospitals or mental asylums grew across the world in the colonial era. Despite concerns over quality of care and human rights violations, these hospitals continue to provide the majority of mental health care in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to review the evidence of reform of mental hospitals and associated patient outcomes.

Mimicking family like attributes to enable a state of personal recovery for persons with mental illness in institutional care settings.

Background: The convergence between mental ill health and homelessness is well documented, but critical events that precipitate the downward spiral into homelessness, and promote personal recovery remain only partially explored in India.

Aims: To explore causative factors of the descent into homelessness, and gain insight into creative and innovative approaches that promote personal recovery, specifically in institutional care settings.

Methods: This qualitative study used focus group discussions, detailed personal interviews and anonymised data drawn from patient files.