Neutrophils and monocyte toll like receptors 2 and 4 expression in preterm versus term delivery.

Pregnancy results in an increase in immune cells, especially monocytes, which enhances the innate immune system. The increase of inflammatory cytokines in pregnant women's amniotic fluid, can cause uterine contraction, is linked to preterm labor. These inflammatory responses are controlled by Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which are largely expressed on neutrophils and monocytes.

Efficacy of ketoconazole gel-flakes in treatment of vaginal candidiasis: Formulation, in vitro and clinical evaluation.

Candida albicans, as the main causative fungus of vaginal candidiasis, is currently a global issue of concern due to its high prevalence, biofilm formation and emergence of resistance. Ketoconazole (KTZ), an antifungal drug, which has poor water-solubility and penetration capacity, is ineffective against deep-seated Candida infection. Considering these issues, this work aimed to develop a novel multifunctional carrier for KTZ via encapsulation of KTZ/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) co-ground mixture into chitosan/gellan gum gel-flakes (threadlike and polygonal structures).

Maternal mortality in an academic institution in Upper Egypt.

Maternal mortality is a worldwide problem. Measuring maternal mortality and identifying its causes is essential, and should be assessed regularly for the purpose of planning, monitoring and evaluation of provided maternal health care. Quality of care indicators such as case fatality rate is used to measure the facility performance, in particular, quality and promptness of care.

Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for the Treatment of Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage With Negative Antiphospholipid Antibodies: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is one of the most common clinical problems in reproduction with no definite cause in about 50% of the cases. The study aims to evaluate the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of women with RM negatively tested for antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs).

Methods: An open-labeled registered randomized controlled study (NCT 01608347) included women who attended the outpatient clinic in Assiut Women Health Hospital and Nag-Hamady Central Hospital, Egypt, with 3 or more unexplained RM.

Tactile Electrosurgical Ablation: A Technique for the Treatment of Intractable Heavy and Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding.

Objective. To study the efficacy and safety of tactile electrosurgical ablation (TEA) in stopping a persistent attack of abnormal uterine bleeding not responding to medical and hormonal therapy. Methods.

Patterns of Candida biofilm on intrauterine devices.

Biofilms are colonies of microbial cells encased in a self-produced organic polymeric matrix and represent a common mode of microbial growth. Microbes growing as biofilm are highly resistant to commonly used antimicrobial drugs. We aimed to screen and characterize biofilm formation by different isolates of Candida on removed intrauterine devices (IUDs), to perform experimental biofilm formation with isolated strains, and to examine biofilm by the crystal violet and XTT reduction assays and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Modified cervicopexy: a novel, less-invasive technique for Stages III and IV uterine prolapse.

Objective: To evaluate modified anterior abdominal wall cervicopexy (AWC) as a less invasive (via 3-cm minilaparotomy) and more augmented (via securing posterior vaginal wall to uterosacral ligaments) technique.

Methods: Case series of 30 women with Stages III and IV apical uterine prolapse assessed by the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system.

Results: The modified AWC procedure was performed successfully for 17 cases with Stage III uterovaginal prolapse and 13 cases with Stage IV uterovaginal prolapse.

Trichloroacetic acid application versus spray monopolar diathermy for treating benign cervical lesions: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: This study aimed to compare efficacy, tolerability, and safety of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) painting versus monopolar spray coagulation of the cervix for treating persistent benign cervical lesions.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was done in a tertiary care referral facility and university hospital. A total of 246 cases with objective evidence of benign cervical lesions were divided into 2 groups according to the line of management.

Reliability of unaided naked-eye examination as a screening test for cervical lesions in a developing country setup.

Objective: This study aimed to test the reliability of unaided naked-eye examination (UNEE) of the cervix as a sole cervical cancer screening test in a developing country setup compared with the standard cervical cytology.

Materials And Methods: A total of 3,500 nonpregnant women aged between 25 and 55 years were included. An unlubricated bivalve speculum was inserted into the vagina under good light to visualize the cervix.

Early amniotomy after vaginal misoprostol for induction of labor: a randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: To test the effectiveness and safety of early amniotomy after vaginal misoprostol for the induction of labor.

Study Design: A randomized clinical trial that included 320 women with medical or obstetric indication for labor induction. They were randomly assigned into two equal groups, amniotomy group and control group.

Pattern of hepatitis virus infection among pregnant women and their newborns at the Women's Health Center of Assiut University, Upper Egypt.

Objective: To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and rate of vertical transmission of HBV and/or HCV infection among pregnant women in Upper Egypt, and assess the preventive efficacy of administering hepatitis B immunoglobulin and vaccine to newborns on their carrier status at 8 months.

Methods: Five hundred pregnant women were screened for HCV and HBV serum markers by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Those testing positive had their status confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and their levels of liver enzymes and interferon gamma were evaluated.

Sublingual versus vaginal misoprostol for induction of labor at term: a randomized prospective placebo-controlled study.

Aims: To assess the effectiveness and safety of sublingual misoprostol (50 microg), compared with the same dose administered vaginally every 6 h for cervical ripening and labor induction in women with a viable fetus in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Methods: This double-blind randomized prospective placebo-controlled trial included 480 women with medical or obstetric indications for labor induction and undilated, uneffaced cervices. The patients were assigned randomly to receive 50 microg of sublingual or 50 microg of vaginal misoprostol every 6 h for 24 h.

Adding phytoestrogens to clomiphene induction in unexplained infertility patients--a randomized trial.

This study investigated the role of oral phytoestrogens in improving pregnancy rate and cycle outcomes with clomiphene citrate. Patients with unexplained infertility and recurrent clomiphene citrate induction failure, were randomly divided into two groups: group I (n = 60) and group II (n = 59). Both groups received clomiphene citrate 150 mg per day (days 3 to 7).