Transcriptomic changes and gene fusions during the progression from Barrett's esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma.

The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has surged by 600% in recent decades, with a dismal 5-year survival rate of just 15%. Barrett's esophagus (BE), affecting about 2% of the population, raises the risk of EAC by 40-fold. Despite this, the transcriptomic changes during the BE to EAC progression remain unclear.

Robotic-Assisted and Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgeries Still Have Clinically Comparable Outcomes.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery is considered the main treatment option for patients with severe obesity. The objective of our study is to compare intra- and postoperative outcomes between the robotic and laparoscopic approaches within the sleeve gastrectomy (SG), duodenal switch (DS), and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Materials And Methods: The data from the MBSAQIP were collected for patients who underwent SG, DS, and RYGB between 2015 and 2021.

Video consent significantly improves patient knowledge of general surgery procedures.

Introduction: Informed consent is essential in ensuring patients' understanding of their medical condition, treatment, and potential risks. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of utilizing a video consent compared to standard consent for patient knowledge and satisfaction in selected general surgical procedures.

Methods And Procedures: We included 118 patients undergoing appendectomy, cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair, and fundoplication at two hospitals in Omaha, NE.

Bariatric Surgery Outcomes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States: An Analysis of the Nationwide Readmissions Database.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery has been reported to produce durable weight loss in the management of obesity; sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most common bariatric procedure. Obesity is a common comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the impact of IBD on short-term SG outcomes has not been widely reported. This study assessed whether IBD was associated with adverse post-SG outcomes.

miRNA profiling of esophageal adenocarcinoma using transcriptome analysis.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) occurs following a series of histological changes through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A variable expression of normal and aberrant genes in the tissue can contribute to the development of EAC through the activation or inhibition of critical molecular signaling pathways. Gene expression is regulated by various regulatory factors, including transcription factors and microRNAs (miRs).

Bariatric Surgery Emergencies in Acute Care Surgery.

Patients who have undergone bariatric surgery present unique challenges in the acute care surgery setting. This review includes the presentation, workup, and management of most common bariatric surgery emergencies encountered by acute care surgery.

Robotic-Assisted Bariatric Surgery Is Associated with Increased Postoperative Complications Compared to Laparoscopic: a Nationwide Readmissions Database Study.

Purpose: Robotic-assisted (RA) bariatric surgery has been increasingly used without consistent benefit over a laparoscopic approach (LA). We compared intra- and post-operative complications and 30- and 90-day all-cause readmissions between RA and LA using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD).

Materials And Methods: We identified hospitalizations with adult patients who underwent RA or LA bariatric surgery from 2010 to 2019.

Robotic Hiatal Hernia Repair Associated with Higher Morbidity and Readmission Rates Compared to Laparoscopic Repair: 10-Year Analysis from the National Readmissions Database (NRD).

Background: Laparoscopic techniques have been used for hiatal hernia repair. Robotic-assisted repairs have been increasingly used with unproven benefits. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes between laparoscopic and robotic-assisted hiatal hernia repair.

Long-term survival outcomes associated with robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) for esophageal cancer.

Background: Minimally Invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer is associated with less morbidity compared to open approach. Whether robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) results in better long-term survival compared with open esophagectomy (OE) and minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is unclear.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for patients with primary esophageal cancers who underwent esophagectomy in 2010-2017.

The Role of Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is associated with poor overall five-year survival. The incidence of esophageal cancer is on the rise, especially in Western societies, and the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which EAC develops are of extreme interest. Several studies have proposed that the esophageal microbiome may play an important role in the pathophysiology of EAC, as well as its precursors-gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett's esophagus (BE).

Pressure-Sensing Gastric Calibration Tube for Minimizing Sleeve Volume Variation in Sleeve Gastrectomy Compared with Current Standard Technique.

The sleeve gastrectomy technique is dependent on the size of the bougie and the surgeon's technical skills. Standardization of the sleeve gastrectomy technique may potentially minimize the volume inconsistency and improve outcomes. A volume and pressure-sensitive gastric calibration tube may create a standard sleeve size and minimize interoperator variation.

Retraction Note to: TREM-1 associated macrophage polarization plays a significant role in inducing insulin resistance in obese population.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Obesity is Associated with Significantly More Anastomotic Leaks After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: A NSQIP Database Study.

Background: This study assessed the association between obesity status and postoperative outcomes for patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy (TTE) or transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) via an open or minimally invasive (MIE) surgical approach.

Methods: The 2016-2018 national surgical quality improvement program esophagectomy-targeted database was used to identify adult patients who underwent TTE or THE, with stratification of patients by obesity status and surgical approach. Using a multivariable regression model for each outcome, the study evaluated whether the adjusted difference between obese and non-obese patients varied between the open and MIE approaches.

Erratum: Significant association of TREM-1 with HMGB1, TLRs and RAGE in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obese diabetic populations.

[This corrects the article on p. 3224 in vol. 9, PMID: 28804542.

Significant association of TREM-1 with HMGB1, TLRs and RAGE in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obese diabetic populations.

Activated cell surface and intracellular receptors lead to insulin resistance in obesity. Among these receptors, triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, toll like receptors (TLRs), and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) play a significant role in the induction of inflammatory response in innate immunity. TREM-1 potentially amplifies TLRs and RAGE synergistically with DNA-binding high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1).

TREM-1 associated macrophage polarization plays a significant role in inducing insulin resistance in obese population.

Background: TREM-1 acts as an amplifier of inflammation expressed on macrophages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TREM-1 and macrophage polarization, and association of TREM-1 and M1 macrophage polarization with insulin resistance (IR) in obese population compared to non-obese population.

Methods: We enrolled 38 patients after obtaining IRB approval for this study.

Increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in the population with obesity and insulin resistance.

Objective: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 has recently been recognized as one of the potent amplifiers of acute and chronic inflammation. However, the exact role of TREM-1 in regard to insulin insensitivity is unknown.

Methods: mRNA transcripts and protein expression of TREM-1, TREM-2, and TREM-1/TREM-2 ratio were examined in the tissue biopsies (liver, omentum, and subcutaneous fat) and blood samples (neutrophils and monocytes) of subjects with obesity and diabetes (SO D ; n = 15), subjects with obesity but not diabetes (SO D ; n = 7), and subjects without obesity (BMI < 30) and diabetes (SO D ; n = 5).

Protein kinases: mechanisms and downstream targets in inflammation-mediated obesity and insulin resistance.

Obesity-induced low-grade inflammation (metaflammation) impairs insulin receptor signaling. This has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. Insulin signaling in the target tissues is mediated by stress kinases such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, inhibitor of NF-kB kinase complex β (IKKβ), AMP-activated protein kinase, protein kinase C, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase, and RNA-activated protein kinase.

Association of Body Mass Index (BMI) with Patterns of Fundoplication Failure: Insights Gained.

Background: Obesity has been implicated as an important risk factor for fundoplication failure. However, the mechanism of fundoplication in obese patients is not fully understood. Our objective is to evaluate the patterns of failure in relation to the body mass index (BMI) undergoing re-operative intervention after failed fundoplication.

Transthoracic approach is associated with increased incidence of atrial fibrillation after esophageal resection.

Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with higher morbidity after esophagectomy. The objective of this study is to identify the surgical risk factors associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation after esophagectomy.

Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, a prospectively maintained database was retrospectively queried to identify patients who underwent esophagectomy between 2003 and 2013.

Long-term outcomes of reintervention for failed fundoplication: redo fundoplication versus Roux-en-Y reconstruction.

Background: Redo fundoplication (RF) is the mainstay of treatment for failed fundoplication. A subset of patients with failed fundoplication requires Roux-en-Y reconstruction (RNY) for symptom relief. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term subjective outcomes between RF and RNY in patients with failed fundoplication.