Accuracy of acetabular cup positioning in robotic-assisted total hip arthroplasty: a CT-based evaluation.

Introduction: Robot-assisted instrumentation during total hip arthroplasty (THA) has the potential to improve acetabular cup positioning. This study aimed to evaluate the precision of robotic-arm-assisted THA (rTHA) and assess whether the system can provide accurate cup positioning comparable to conventional THA (cTHA).

Methods: A single-center prospective cohort study consisting of 151 patients who underwent THA (108 rTHA and 43 cTHA).

Exploring the electrochemical performance of layered BiSe hexagonal platelets as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

The escalating need for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), driven by their expanding range of applications in our daily lives, has led to a surge in interest in metal selenides as potential anode materials. Among them, BiSe stands out as a promising anode material for LIBs due to its unique layered structure. Herein, we explored hexagonally structured layered BiSe platelets synthesized using the solvothermal method.

Starch-Assisted Synthesis of BiS Nanoparticles for Enhanced Dielectric and Antibacterial Applications.

Starch [(CHO) ]-stabilized bismuth sulfide (BiS) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized in a single-pot reaction using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO)·5HO) and sodium sulfide (NaS) as precursors. BiS NPs were stable over time and a wide band gap of 2.86 eV was observed.

Compensation of the Stress Gradient in Physical Vapor Deposited AlScN Films for Microelectromechanical Systems with Low Out-of-Plane Bending.

Thin film through-thickness stress gradients produce out-of-plane bending in released microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures. We study the stress and stress gradient of AlScN thin films deposited directly on Si. We show that AlScN cantilever structures realized in films with low average film stress have significant out-of-plane bending when the AlScN material is deposited under constant sputtering conditions.

AMMU: A survey of transformer-based biomedical pretrained language models.

Transformer-based pretrained language models (PLMs) have started a new era in modern natural language processing (NLP). These models combine the power of transformers, transfer learning, and self-supervised learning (SSL). Following the success of these models in the general domain, the biomedical research community has developed various in-domain PLMs starting from BioBERT to the latest BioELECTRA and BioALBERT models.

30-Day Morbidity and Mortality of Bariatric Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Multinational Cohort Study of 7704 Patients from 42 Countries.

Background: There are data on the safety of cancer surgery and the efficacy of preventive strategies on the prevention of postoperative symptomatic COVID-19 in these patients. But there is little such data for any elective surgery. The main objectives of this study were to examine the safety of bariatric surgery (BS) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to determine the efficacy of perioperative COVID-19 protective strategies on postoperative symptomatic COVID-19 rates.

BertMCN: Mapping colloquial phrases to standard medical concepts using BERT and highway network.

In the last few years, people started to share lots of information related to health in the form of tweets, reviews and blog posts. All these user generated clinical texts can be mined to generate useful insights. However, automatic analysis of clinical text requires identification of standard medical concepts.

Pros and cons for use of statins in people with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19).

Background And Aims: Morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is higher among people with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statins are used in the majority of people with DM and CVD. This mini-review discusses the current understanding of benefit-risk ratio of use of statins in COVID-19.

Use of pioglitazone in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Boon or bane?

Background And Aims: People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased morbidity and mortality due to coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19). It has been speculated that use of pioglitazone might increase such risk. The aim of our brief commentary is to review the safety of pioglitazone in people with T2DM and mild/moderate COVID-19.

SECNLP: A survey of embeddings in clinical natural language processing.

Distributed vector representations or embeddings map variable length text to dense fixed length vectors as well as capture prior knowledge which can transferred to downstream tasks. Even though embeddings have become de facto standard for text representation in deep learning based NLP tasks in both general and clinical domains, there is no survey paper which presents a detailed review of embeddings in Clinical Natural Language Processing. In this survey paper, we discuss various medical corpora and their characteristics, medical codes and present a brief overview as well as comparison of popular embeddings models.

Preclinical Evaluation and Clinical Trial of Chlorhexidine Polymer Scaffold for Vital Pulp Therapy.

Objective: To evaluate the preclinical effectiveness and clinical efficacy of chlorhexidine polymer scaffold for vital pulp therapy.

Study Design: Polymer scaffolds loaded with chlorhexidine were prepared by electrospinning. The scaffolds were evaluated using four different tests: i) The release of chlorhexidine from the polymer scaffold was evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); ii) Biocompatibility of chlorhexidine scaffold was tested by subcutaneous implantation in rabbits; iii) The scaffolds were implanted into human molars for further ex vivo histological evaluation; and iv) The clinical efficacy of the scaffold was evaluated as a pulp dressing following vital pulp therapy, in comparison with MTA (control) in a clinical trial of forty primary molar teeth in 34 children aged 6 to 8 years.

Analysis of a GMR-based plethysmograph transducer and its utility for real-time Blood Pressure measurement.

The paper presents study and analysis of a Giant Magneto Resistance (GMR)-based magneto plethysmograph and illustrates its efficacy as a tool for real-time cuff-less measurement of Blood Pressure (BP). The proposed scheme employs two GMR sensors and associated biasing and signal conditioning in its architecture. The delay between output of the GMR sensors is used to estimate the BP.

Non-invasive heart rate monitoring system using giant magneto resistance sensor.

A simple heart rate (HR) monitoring system designed and developed using the Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR) sensor is presented in this paper. The GMR sensor is placed on the wrist of the human and it provides the magneto-plethysmographic signal. This signal is processed by the simple analog and digital instrumentation stages to render the heart rate indication.

Feasibility Study of a Giant Magneto-Resistance Based Respiration Rate Monitor.

This paper reports a simple and reliable electronic technique for the estimation of respiration rate (RR). Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR) based sensors are employed to extract a plethysmograph signal from the subject. This signal is filtered and processed further through simple signal processing stages to obtain RR indication.

KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer and melanoma.

Cancers are the group of diseases, which arise because of the uncontrolled behavior of some of the genes in our cells. There are possibilities of gene amplifications, overexpressions, deletions and other anomalies which might lead to the development and spread of cancer. One of the most dangerous ways to the cancers is the mutations of the genes.

Roscovitine in cancer and other diseases.

Roscovitine [CY-202, (R)-Roscovitine, Seliciclib] is a small molecule that inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) through direct competition at the ATP-binding site. It is a broad-range purine inhibitor, which inhibits CDK1, CDK2, CDK5 and CDK7, but is a poor inhibitor for CDK4 and CDK6. Roscovitine is widely used as a biological tool in cell cycle, cancer, apoptosis and neurobiology studies.

Highlights of the Latest Advances in Research on CDK Inhibitors.

Uncontrolled proliferation is the hallmark of cancer and other proliferative disorders and abnormal cell cycle regulation is, therefore, common in these diseases. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle and proliferation. These kinases are frequently deregulated in various cancers, viral infections, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia and some proliferative disorders.

Artificial neural network application in the diagnosis of disease conditions with liver ultrasound images.

The preliminary study presented within this paper shows a comparative study of various texture features extracted from liver ultrasonic images by employing Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), a type of artificial neural network, to study the presence of disease conditions. An ultrasound (US) image shows echo-texture patterns, which defines the organ characteristics. Ultrasound images of liver disease conditions such as "fatty liver," "cirrhosis," and "hepatomegaly" produce distinctive echo patterns.

Subdural B cell lymphoma. Imaging features, histopathology. Literature review.

Dural-based B cell lymphomas are rare and have a female preponderance. A 60-year-old Asian man with a history of trivial trauma presented with generalised tonic clonic seizures and headache. Imaging and clinical work-up was done.

Immunohistochemical typing of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-comparing working formulation and WHO classification.

The recent WHO classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is based on the morphology and immunohistochemical expression of the lymphoma cells and to a lesser extent, on the molecular and cytogenetic findings. Fifty-three cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were included in the study. Of these, seven cases were primary extra nodal lymphomas.

Immunophenotyping of Hodgkin's disease--an aid to its classification.

Based on morphological, phenotypic, genotypic and clinical findings, Hodgkin's disease has recently been classified into two subtypes: Nodular lymphocyte predominant and classical Hodgkin's disease. Forty-two cases of Hodgkin's disease were subjected to detailed morphological assessment and immunophenotyping. The commonest subtype was Nodular Sclerosis seen in 27 cases.

Mantle cell lymphoma--a clinicopathological study of 13 cases.

Mantle cell lymphoma is an uncommon non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In a period of four years, 13 cases of mantle cell lymphoma were diagnosed in our department, comprising 3.1% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosed.