Development of in vitro-in vivo correlation for encapsulated metoprolol tartrate.

This study was aimed to develop level A, B and C in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for encapsulated metoprolol tartrate (T1, T2 and T3 having metoprolol tartrate/polymer ratio of 1: 1, 1: 1.5 and 1: 2,w/w). The in vitro data were correlated with in vivo data.

Combating of scorpion bite with Pakistani medicinal plants having ethno-botanical evidences as antidote.

Although the majority of serious cases in the world are concerned with snake bite envenomation, but those which are caused by scorpion stings are also famous for causing extreme pain. The present view is an attempt to enlist scientifically ignored medicinal plants of Pakistan exhibiting anti-scorpion venom activity. In this review data of 35 medicinal plants is collected with their families, parts used, distribution in Pakistan, and major constituents present in plant.

Prevalence of nasal Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital personnel and associated risk factors.

Hospital- and community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus infections pose a substantial burden in terms of morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. The extent of nosocomial S. aureus transmission, in particular methicillin-resistant S.

Effect of fortification on physico-chemical and microbiological stability of whole wheat flour.

Stability of fortified whole wheat flour (WWF) was evaluated using NaFeEDTA, elemental iron, ZnSO4 and ZnO as fortificants. Fortified WWF was stored in tin boxes and polypropylene bags for 60 days under ambient storage condition (ASC) and controlled storage condition (CSC). Fortification significantly (p⩽0.

Report: prevalence and resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against various antibiotics.

A prospective study on various clinical isolates from patients admitted from various parts of NWFP and Afghanistan at Post Graduate Medical Institute (PGMI) Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar was conducted from January 2000 to December 2004 to ascertain the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Among 4709 positive isolates, 314 (6.67%) were Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Nasal carriage of staphylococci in health care workers: antimicrobial susceptibility profile.

One year prospective study was evaluated to ascertain the prevalence of nasal carriage of potentially pathogenic bacteria in health care workers and the antibiotic susceptibility profile. The bacterial strains were identified by conventional method and the antibiotic resistance was carried out by disc diffusion method. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were 48%, 46% and 14% respectively.

Effect of partial replacement of different defatted oil seed cakes as substrate in biosynthesis of bacitracin in solid-state fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis.

The present study was conducted to ascertain the effect of partial replacement of different defatted oil seed cakes as substrate i.e. sunflower meal, rice hulls and soybean meal, in biosynthesis of Bacitracin in Solid-State Fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis on laboratory scale.

Biosynthesis of bacitracin in solid-state fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis using defatted oil seed cakes as substrate.

Bacitracin is being imported in Pakistan involving substantial amount of foreign exchange for its incorporation in poultry feed. The cheap raw material for its production is readily available and cheap such as soybean meal, sunflower meal, wheat bran etc. Thus development of this technology in our country would result in saving a reasonable amount of foreign exchange by exploiting indigenous resources.

Resistance pattern of antibiotics against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

The present research was conducted to study the susceptibility and resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolates against various brands of commonly used antibiotics. A total of 50 bacterial isolates were obtained from various clinical specimens submitted to the clinical laboratory of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad (PIMS). Out of 50 isolates 30 (60%) were identified as coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus.

Antibiotic resistance pattern among gram-negative bacteria isolated from raw milk in Multan.

The use of raw milk in Pakistan has led to the antibiotics resistance. This investigation has showed incidence and antibiotic resistance among Coliform and Klebsiella to nalidixic acid, urixin and little to chloramphenicol. Enterobacter was sensitive to nalidixic acid, tetracycline and showed little resistance to chloramphenicol.