Publications by authors named "Kalpana Barhwal Hota"

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Withania somnifera (WS) root extract has been used traditionally in ayurvedic system of medicine as a memory enhancer and anti-stress agent.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the neuroprotective and prophylactic potential of WS root extract in ameliorating hypobaric hypoxia (HH) induced memory impairment and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism.

Materials And Methods: WS root extract was administered to male Sprague Dawley rats during a period of 21 days pre-exposure and 07 days exposure to a simulated altitude of 25,000 ft.

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Neuronal damage in hypoxia and several neurodegenerative disorders is invariably associated with oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Administration of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) on the other hand attenuates neuronal damage, prevents apoptosis, and improves energy status in hypoxic stress through less understood mechanisms. Becasue mitochondrial biogenesis could be a possible mechanism for ALCAR-induced improvement in bioenergetics in neurons, the present study aimed at exploring signaling pathways of ALCAR-induced neuroprotection in hypoxia and possible occurrence of mitochondrial biogenesis.

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Ascent to high altitude is associated with tissue hypoxia resulting from the decrease in partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen. The hippocampus, in particular, is highly vulnerable to hypoxic insult, which at least in part can be attributed to the occurrence of glutamate excitotoxicity. Although this excitotoxic damage is often related to increased NMDA receptor activation and subsequent calcium-mediated free radical generation, the mechanisms involving the transcriptional regulation of NMDA receptor subunit expression by hypoxic stress remains to be explored.

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