Intraoperative radio-guided localization of parathyroid adenomas using 3D freehand SPECT technology.

Parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) could have poor outcomes, even with accurate preoperative localization of the adenomas, because their intraoperative localization can be challenging. Freehand single photon emission computed tomography (fhSPECT) is a new technique for radio-guided intraoperative navigation. Its use during parathyroidectomy could be useful and such data are limited.

A retrospective survey to establish institutional diagnostic reference levels for CT urography examinations based on clinical indications: preliminary results.

. To establish institutional diagnostic reference levels (IDRLs) based on clinical indications (CIs) for three- and four-phase computed tomography urography (CTU)..

Radiologic Features of T10 Paravertebral Muscle Sarcopenia: Prognostic Factors in COVID-19.

Background: Sarcopenia, defined as a small cross-sectional area (CSA) in computed tomography (CT) measurements of skeletal muscles, serves as a disease severity marker in various clinical scenarios, including pulmonary conditions and critical illness. Another parameter of sarcopenia, the level of myosteatosis, reflected by the tissue's radiodensity, in the thoracic skeletal muscles group, has been linked to disease progression in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We hypothesize that CT-derived measurements of the skeletal muscle density (SMD) and the CSA of thoracic skeletal muscles can predict outcomes in COVID-19 pneumonia.

The effect of percutaneous tract dilation technique on renal parenchymal trauma: An experimental study on a porcine model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate renal parenchymal trauma of two-step dilation compared to the conventional Amplatz gradual dilation during percutaneous nephrolithotomy on a porcine model.

Materials And Methods: A nonpapillary percutaneous access tract was established under fluoroscopic guidance in both kidneys of four female pigs. On the right kidney of each pig, gradual dilation was performed using an Amplatz dilator set with a gradual dilation to 30 Fr, whereas on the left, a two-step dilation was utilized using only 16 Fr and 30 Fr dilators.

Evaluation of Reliability and Validity of the RALE and BRIXIA Chest-X Ray Scores in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Introduction: Chest X-rays are commonly used to assess the severity in patients that present in the emergency department with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia, but in clinical practice quantitative scales are rarely employed.

Aims: To evaluate the reliability and validity of two semi-quantitative radiological scales in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia (BRIXIA score and RALE score).

Methods: Patients hospitalized between October 2021 and March 2022 with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis were eligible for inclusion.

Clinical features and outcomes of patients with myositis associated-interstitial lung disease.

Introduction: Myositis associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) seems to be an under-recognized entity.

Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective study, we recorded between 9/12/2019 and 30/9/2021 consecutive patients who presented in five different ILD centers from two European countries (Greece, France) and received a multidisciplinary diagnosis of myositis associated-ILD. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality over 1 year in specific subgroups of patients.

Surgical management in hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumour thrombosis: is this the end of the road or a chance to expand the criteria for resectability?

Portal vein thrombosis is a common complication associated with malignancies such as hepatocellular carcinoma, with a dismal and negative impact on prognosis. A thorough literature search in Pubmed and Google Scholar, under the terms 'hepatocellular carcinoma AND portal vein thrombosis', regarding the surgical management of portal vein thrombosis was conducted by the authors, and the associated results are presented in this narrative review. Precise classification of portal vein thrombosis and identification of subgroups of patients that will benefit from surgery is of paramount importance.

Non-dynamic and multiphase CT protocols for parathyroid glands imaging: a review of technical parameters, radiation dose and diagnostic accuracy.

Introduction: Our purpose was to review the scientific literature and collect information regarding clinical and technical parameters of different single- or multiphase CT protocols, their diagnostic performance and patient dose during parathyroid imaging.

Evidence Acquisition: PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for studies investigating the diagnostic performance of CT in detecting parathyroid lesions and the corresponding patients' dose. The following information was retrieved for each article: CT system, number, combination and time interval between phases, scanning length, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values, contrast enhancement in Hounsfield Units (HUs), technical and exposure parameters, and dose indices.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in a Patient with Ureteral Metastases from a Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Metastatic ureteral tumors arising from a primary breast carcinoma are extremely rare. They present with hematuria and radiological findings compatible with obstructive ureteral phenomena. We present a case of an 87-year-old woman with a history of lymphoma and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), during an emergency admission for peptic ulcer, developed macroscopic hematuria.

CTPA imaging findings, beyond pulmonary embolism, in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 infection and their relation to clinical outcome - a single center experience.

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate a potential association between the severity of COVID-19 disease and related 28-day mortality, with the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy, the extension of lung parenchymal infiltrates, the presence of pulmonary embolism, the density and distribution of mediastinal and subcutaneous fat, the inflammatory markers and the direct and indirect radiological signs of right heart overload and strain.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively included patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, who were admitted to the Departments of Internal and Respiratory Medicine of Patras University Hospital during the second pandemic wave (February 2021 up to July 2021) and underwent CTPA for routine diagnostic workup. Demographic characteristics, routine laboratory, radiological parameters and 28-day mortality were also recorded.

Comparison of renal parenchymal trauma after standard, mini and ultra-mini percutaneous tract dilation in porcine models.

Objective: To evaluate whether reducing tract dilation diameter in PCNL (percutaneous nephrolithotomy) procedures results in minimizing of renal trauma of the percutaneous tract.

Methods: A percutaneous renal access tract was established bilaterally to 11 pigs. Two pigs were euthanized immediately after the experiment, while nine pigs were sacrificed 1 month later.

Organs' absorbed dose and comparison of different methods for effective dose calculation in computed tomography of parathyroid glands.

Objective: To estimate organs' absorbed dose from the two-phase CT of parathyroid glands, effective dose (ED) based on three different methods, and compare the dose values with those reported by other published protocols.

Methods: Volumetric-computed-tomography-dose-index (CTDI), dose-length-product (DLP), and the corresponding scan length during each phase of a parathyroid protocol were recorded, for seventy-six patients. One k-factor, and two different k-factors for the neck and chest area were used to estimate the ED from DLP.

Antegrade Endograft Deployment with Supra-Aortic Debranching to Treat Arch and Descending Thoracic Aortic Lesions. A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a widely used procedure that has drastically changed the management of thoracic aortic diseases. We assess the effectiveness of supra-aortic debranching during antegrade TEVAR procedures with a retrospective analysis of our clinical experience.

Methods: Between December 2005 and April 2017, 55 patients underwent 64 TEVAR procedures.

DOSIMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE TWO-PHASE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN PARATHYROID GLANDS IMAGING.

This study evaluates the patient radiation dose from the two-phase protocols of two different computed tomography (CT) systems and compares this with that delivered by the other similar protocols previously published. Two hundred and fourteen patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were included in the study with a two-phase CT scan between 2008 and 2020 by using a Toshiba Aquilion Prime 80 and a GE Light Speed 16. The standard 'neck' or a modified 'parathyroid' protocol was used.

Safety and Effectiveness of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Interstitial Lung Diseases: Insights from a Machine Learning Radiographic Model.

Introduction: Treatment of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) often includes systemic corticosteroids. Use of steroid-sparing agents is amenable to avoid potential side effects.

Methods: Functional indices and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns of patients with non-IPF ILDs receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were analyzed.

Protracted severe COVID-19 pneumonia following rituximab treatment: caution needed.

The outcomes of COVID-19 in patients treated with biologic agents are a subject of intense investigation. Recent data indicated that patients under rituximab (RTX) may carry an increased risk of serious disease. We performed an electronic search in Medline and Scopus using the keywords rituximab and COVID-19.

Computed tomography angiography scoring systems and the role of skull defects in the confirmation of brain death.

To assess and compare all current computed tomography angiography (CTA) scoring systems for the diagnostic workup of brain death (BD) to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and clinical tests. Fifty-two patients with a clinical suspicion of BD underwent CTA and subsequently DSA. The diagnostic performance of all current CTA scoring systems was compared to that of DSA, in all patients with a suspicion of BD.

The impact of osteoporosis and vertebral compression fractures on mortality and association with pulmonary function in COPD: A meta-analysis.

Objective: Osteoporosis is highly prevalent among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and most commonly presents as a vertebral compression fracture (VCF). Our objective was to quantify the effect of osteoporosis and VCFs on the mortality and pulmonary function tests (PFTs), such as forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV) and forced vital capacity (FVC), of patients with COPD.

Methods: A PubMed/Medline search was conducted using the search terms "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", "osteoporosis" and "vertebral compression fracture".

Antegrade Hybrid Chimney TEVAR Endograft in a Patient with Blunt Aortic Injury: A Challenging Case with Technical Success but Unfavorable Result.

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) has modified aortic medicine, particularly in patients with traumatic aortic injury (TAI). Conventional repair of TAI in the aortic arch is technically demanding as it requires cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic arrest with still a significant number of complications. Despite recent improvements in endovascular techniques, many patients have been excluded from endovascular repair due to unfavorable anatomy.

Technical aspects to maximize the hyperaccuracy three-dimensional (HA3D) computed tomography reconstruction for kidney stones surgery: a pilot study.

The aim of the current prospective pilot study was to describe a hyperaccuracy three-dimensional (HA3D) model reconstruction technique, specifically developed to maximize the visualization of the renal collecting system's anatomy, and its relationship with the stones, vessels and renal parenchyma, and to compare the HA3D virtual models with the intraoperative findings. The image acquisition was performed using a CT scanner (Toshiba, Aquilion Prime) and included the unenhanced, arterial, venous and excretory phases. The DICOM format CT images were processed by MEDICS Srl ( www.

Evacuation Technique of Left-Sided Inferior Vena Cava for a Successful Open Repair of a Large Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm.

We report a case of successful open repair of a 7.5-cm juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in the presence of a left-sided inferior vena cava (LS-IVC) crossing the aorta at the level of the renal arteries in a 72-year-old man. The orifice of the right renal artery was slightly caudal to that of the left renal artery and concomitant occlusive diseases of both iliac arteries were present.

Validation of the 3D SYM VEIN Symptom Assessment Tool.

Objective: The aim was to validate the SYM VEIN consensus 3D scoring tool in chronic venous disease (CVD).

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study with a total of 35 consecutive patients with CVD. Patients with CVD undergoing saphenectomy were assessed with the revised Venous Clinical Severity Score (r-VCSS), the CIVIQ-20 quality of life score questionnaire, and the SYM VEIN consensus statement 3D system, pre-operatively and four weeks post-operatively.