Exploring Potential Orbital Metastatic Pathways in Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma: A Case Report.

The following case potentially provides insight into the mechanisms of lymphogenic metastasis in sinonasal cancer. A 63-year-old patient who presented with progressive diplopia and left-sided periocular pain was diagnosed with a cT4bN0M0 mucosal melanoma of the ethmoid sinus. She underwent a combined endonasal and transcranial tumor resection, and an orbital exenteration.

Orbital Inflammation and Dacryoadenitis after COVID-19 Vaccination.

The aim of this paper was to report the case of a patient with orbital inflammation and dacryoadenitis after COVID-19 vaccination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we noticed an increase of post-viral syndromes, both linked to infection and to vaccination. A 53-year-old male presented with proptosis, chemosis, hypotropia, and ophthalmoplegia of the right eye, 1 day after his COVID-19 booster shot.

Pediatric Graves' orbitopathy: a multicentre study.

Purpose: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a rare condition in children often considered to be a less severe condition than at an older age. The aim of our study was to analyse if there are any factors that distinguish paediatric from adult GO in order to provide guidelines for assessing and managing paediatric GO.

Methods: Study design is a multicentre retrospective observational case series; 115 paediatric patients diagnosed with GO who visited our university medical centres in the Netherlands and Iran between 2003 and 2019 were submitted for complete ophthalmological examinations, serological testing and/or orbital imaging.

[Loss of an eye as a result of an odontogenic infection].

A 50-year-old woman presented at the outpatient clinic of the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery with a severe swelling around the left eye 1 week after removal of the second molar in the upper jaw. Despite administration of antibiotics 2 days after the removal of the molar because of periorbital swelling, the inflammation spread to the intraorbital space with eventual loss of the left eye. Timely recognition of the symptoms of (the onset of) an orbital infection after dental treatment and immediate referral to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon and/or ophthalmologist for adequate treatment can be vision-saving.

cDC2 and plasmacytoid dendritic cells diminish from tissues of patients with non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma and idiopathic orbital inflammation.

Non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma (NHOL) and idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) are common orbital conditions with largely unknown pathophysiology. To investigate the immune cell composition of these diseases, we performed standardized 29 parameter flow cytometry phenotyping in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 18 NHOL patients, 21 IOI patients, and 41 unaffected controls. Automatic gating by FlowSOM revealed decreased abundance of meta-clusters containing dendritic cells in patients, which we confirmed by manual gating.

A pan-inflammatory microRNA-cluster is associated with orbital non-Hodgkin lymphoma and idiopathic orbital inflammation.

Non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma (NHOL) and idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) are common orbital conditions with largely unknown pathophysiology that can be difficult to diagnose. In this study we aim to identify serum miRNAs associated with NHOL and IOI. We performed OpenArray miRNA profiling in 33 patients and controls.

Zirconium-89-labelled rituximab PET-CT in orbital inflammatory disease.

Background: Orbital inflammatory diseases are a heterogenic group of conditions that often entail a difficult diagnostic process and many patients are treatment resistant. Inflammatory diseases can be visualized by Zirconium-89-labelled rituximab PET-CT (Zr-rituximab PET/CT). In this study, we describe our experience and possible potential of the Zr-rituximab PET/CT for diagnostic and therapeutic management of refractory orbital inflammation.

Evaluation of classification systems for nonspecific idiopathic orbital inflammation.

Purpose: To systematically analyze existing classification systems for idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) and propose and test a new best practice classification system.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to find all studies that described and applied a classification system for IOI. Classification categories used in more than two studies were extracted, and criteria for these categories were defined using common descriptors.

The role of biopsy in diagnosing patients suspected of idiopathic orbital inflammation.

Purpose: To provide a framework when to biopsy patients suspected of idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI).

Materials And Methods: One-hundred seventeen patients were selected with signs of orbital inflammation in whom after history and physical examination, no definite diagnosis was made. In this cohort, the role of biopsy in making a diagnosis was evaluated and compared to a therapeutic trial of corticosteroids.

Orbital mass as manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis: an ophthalmologic diagnostic approach.

Objectives: Orbital manifestation of Wegener's granulomatosis is diverse and diagnosis is often difficult. This study aims to improve the diagnostic strategy in orbital Wegener.

Methods: A review of the diagnostic process in patients in whom a diagnosis of orbital WG was considered.

Treatment of severe idiopathic orbital inflammation with intravenous methylprednisolone.

Background: Prednisone pulse therapy is used to treat active non-infectious orbital inflammatory disease to attain faster clinical improvement and to shorten the duration of prednisone treatment. This study addresses the use of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) pulse therapy, in addition to oral prednisone (OP), in the treatment of severe idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI).

Methods: This was a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Risk factors for idiopathic orbital inflammation: a case-control study.

Objective: To identify risk factors involved in the development of idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI).

Methods: Case-control study of 69 adults who had had a first episode of IOI and 296 adult controls with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) selected from three orbital centres in The Netherlands between 2000 and 2006. Participants filled out a questionnaire on demographic factors, medical history, health status and exposures for the 2 years prior to disease presentation.

Recession of the inferior rectus muscle in Graves' orbitopathy.

Purpose: To identify the predictive factors for overcorrection and depression impairment after recession of the inferior rectus muscle (IRM) in patients with Graves' orbitopathy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study, single institution.

Methods: The charts of 124 consecutive patients who underwent recession of the IRM were retrospectively examined, as well as all literature with regard to the subject until January 2008.

Outcome of orbital decompression for disfiguring proptosis in patients with Graves' orbitopathy using various surgical procedures.

Aim: To compare the outcome of various surgical approaches of orbital decompression in patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) receiving surgery for disfiguring proptosis.

Method: Data forms and questionnaires from consecutive, euthyroid patients with inactive GO who had undergone orbital decompression for disfiguring proptosis in 11 European centres were analysed.

Results: Eighteen different (combinations of) approaches were used, the swinging eyelid approach being the most popular followed by the coronal and transconjunctival approaches.

Methylprednisolone pulse therapy for patients with moderately severe Graves' orbitopathy: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: To assess whether methylprednisolone (MP) pulse therapy is efficacious in the treatment of moderately severe Graves' orbitopathy (GO).

Design: Prospective, placebo (PL)-controlled, double-blind, randomized study.

Methods: Fifteen previously untreated patients with active, moderately severe GO participated in the study; 6 patients received MP and 9 patients a PL.

Coronal or swinging eyelid decompression for patients with disfiguring proptosis in Graves' orbitopathy? Comparison of results in one center.

Purpose: To compare 2 different approaches for 3-wall orbital decompression in patients with disfiguring proptosis due to Graves' orbitopathy, and to determine which technique is preferable.

Design: Retrospective nonrandomized study with a concurrent comparison group.

Participants: Charts of 74 consecutive patients with disfiguring proptosis due to Graves' orbitopathy who underwent coronal (46) or swinging eyelid (28) decompression between January 1, 2000 and January 1, 2004 were studied retrospectively.