Aggregation of PEGylated liposomes driven by hydrophobic forces.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used to sterically stabilize liposomes and improve the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs, peptides and nanoparticles. Here we report that ammonium sulfate (AS) can evoke the aggregation of PEGylated vesicles in a concentration-dependent manner. Liposomes with 5mol% PEG were colloidally stable at AS concentrations up to 0.

In vitro biofilm production of Candida bloodstream isolates: any association with clinical characteristics?

Candida spp. are a leading cause of bloodstream infection (BSI) and are associated with high mortality rates. Biofilm production is a virulence factor of Candida spp.

A critical review of analytical methods for subvisible and visible particles.

The subvisible and visible particles present in a solution are often classified based on size, and are quantified by the actual number of particles present rather than by weight or molar amounts. The analysis of these particles in protein therapeutics are governed by compendial methods and the regulatory agencies, and the methods available to measure them originally evolved focusing on potential safety issues, including capillary occlusion and immunogenicity, that might arise from their presence. Ultracentrifugation, size exclusion chromatography, etc.

Studies on the use of needle-free injection device on proteins.

In the following communication we report the evaluation of 18 proteins that were processed by a specific needle free injection device. The processed protein samples were analyzed by two HPLC techniques, reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). These techniques are two of the most widely used analytical techniques in the biopharmaceutical industry for the characterization, integrity assessment and stability study of peptide and protein products.