Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implantitis Using a Combined Nd: YAG and Er: YAG Laser Approach: Investigation of Clinical and Bone Loss Biomarkers.

The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the combined Nd-Er: YAG laser on the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis by evaluating clinical markers and biomarkers of bone loss (RANKL/OPG). Twenty (20) patients having at least 1 implant diagnosed with peri-implantitis were randomly assigned to two groups for surgical treatment. In the test group (n = 10), Er: YAG laser was used for granulation tissue removal and implant surface decontamination, while Nd: YAG laser was employed for deep tissue decontamination and biomodulation.

Immunomodulatory effects of Nd:YAG (1064 nm) and diode laser (810 nm) wavelengths to LPS-challenged human gingival fibroblasts.

Objective: Human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) are involved in inflammatory responses to bacteria by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In search of host modulation strategies to increase LPS tolerance, Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been suggested as an alternative treatment that reduces periodontal tissue inflammation. In this study, we investigate whether 810 nm (diode) and 1064 nm (Nd:YAG) laser wavelengths, modulate pro-inflammatory responses to LPS challenges in hGFs.

Qualitative evaluation of hybrid layer formation using Er:YAG laser in QSP mode for tooth cavity preparations.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thickness and qualitative characteristics of the hybrid layer after two cavity preparation methods, using Er:YAG laser in QSP mode and conventional carbide burs. Additionally, two different adhesive techniques were investigated using etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems. Sixty sound human third molars were used and were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15).

A comparative study of temperature elevation on human teeth root surfaces during Nd:YAG laser irradiation in root canals.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temperatures on the root surfaces during Nd:YAG laser irradiation in root canals using pulse durations of 180 and 320 μs. Thirty extracted human teeth were used in this study. The teeth were enlarged up to ISO 40 (multi-rooted) or up to ISO 60 (single-rooted) by conventional technique using K-files.

Structural and phase changes in amorphous solid water films revealed by positron beam spectroscopy.

The evolution and annealing of pores in, and the crystallization of, vapor-deposited films of amorphous solid water have been studied by using variable-energy positron annihilation spectroscopy for temperatures in the range 50-150 K. Both positron and positronium annihilation provide insight to the nature of the grown-in pores and their evolution with temperature. Crystallization of the films was observed at just below 140 K, in agreement with earlier studies, with the topmost 80 nm undergoing a transition consistent with crystallization at 90-100 K.

Cysteine-scanning analysis of helices TM8, TM9a, and TM9b and intervening loops in the YgfO xanthine permease: a carboxyl group is essential at ASP-276.

Bacterial and fungal members of the ubiquitous nucleobase-ascorbate transporter (NAT/NCS2) family use the NAT signature motif, a conserved 11-amino acid sequence between amphipathic helices TM9a and TM9b, to define function and selectivity of the purine binding site. To examine the role of flanking helices TM9a, TM9b, and TM8, we employed Cys-scanning analysis of the xanthine-specific homolog YgfO from Escherichia coli. Using a functional mutant devoid of Cys residues (C-less), each amino acid residue in sequences (259)FLVVGTIYLLSVLEAVGDITATAMVSRRPIQGEEYQSRLKGGVLADGLVSVIASAV(314) and (342)TIAVMLVILGLFP(354) including these TMs (underlined) was replaced individually with Cys, except the irreplaceable Glu-272 and Asp-304, which had been studied previously.

Chaperone policy in accident and emergency departments: a national survey.

Background: Medico-legal societies and the General Medical Council have been urging a greater use of chaperones during intimate examinations. However, research into the use of chaperones has been limited only to general practice. The objectives of this national survey were to find out: (1) whether formal chaperone policy exists in accident and emergency (A&E) departments; (2) the frequency of chaperone use; and (3) clinical applications.

True trilineage haematopoiesis in excised heterotopic ossification from a laparotomy scar: report of a case and literature review.

We report a case of true trilineage haematopoiesis in an excised area of heterotopic ossification from an upper mid-line laparotomy scar. Heterotopic ossification is a rare complication of abdominal surgery and usually occurs when upper mid-line incisions are utilised. Whereas cases of heterotopic ossification in abdominal incisions are not exceedingly rare, true trilineage haematopoiesis in such an area of heterotopic ossification, to our knowledge, has only been previously reported once in the English literature.

From dimming to brightening: decadal changes in solar radiation at Earth's surface.

Variations in solar radiation incident at Earth's surface profoundly affect the human and terrestrial environment. A decline in solar radiation at land surfaces has become apparent in many observational records up to 1990, a phenomenon known as global dimming. Newly available surface observations from 1990 to the present, primarily from the Northern Hemisphere, show that the dimming did not persist into the 1990s.