Trends in long term growth outcome: comparison of two birth cohorts (year 2007-08 and year 2015-16).

Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants comprise between 4% and 8% of live-births and about one-third of deaths during the neonatal period. The objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the long-term growth outcomes of VLBW infants among two different birth cohorts: Cohort 2007-08 (cohort 1) and cohort 2015-16 (cohort 2), in a cross-sectional observational study. The neonatal and perinatal data of cohort 1 was collected from available trial data and the same data from cohort 2 was collected from patient case files and patient history.

Comparison of STOPS and SNAPPE-II in Predicting Neonatal Survival at Hospital Discharge: A Prospective, Multicentric, Observational Study.

Objective: To compare SNAPPE-II and STOPS admission severity scores in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with a gestational age of ≥ 33 wk.

Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, observational study, the sickness scoring was done on all the neonates at 12 h after admission to the NICUs. The scoring systems were compared by the area under the curve (AUC) on the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.

Comparison of CRIB-II with SNAPPE-II for predicting survival and morbidities before hospital discharge in neonates with gestation ≤ 32 weeks: a prospective multicentric observational study.

Unlabelled: Various studies validated and compared Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology with Perinatal extension-II (SNAPPE-II) and Clinical Risk Index for Babies-II (CRIB-II) admission sickness severity scores for predicting survival, but very few studies compared them for predicting the morbidities in preterm infants. In this multicenter prospective observational study, SNAPPE-II and CRIB-II newborn illness severity scores were compared for predicting mortality and morbidities in infants with gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks. Major morbidities were classified as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, abnormal cranial ultrasound (presence of intraventricular hemorrhage grade III or more or periventricular leukomalacia grade II to IV), and retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment.

Emerging neuroprotective interventions in periventricular leukomalacia - A systematic review of preclinical studies.

Introduction: Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a result of various antenatal, intrapartum, or postnatal insults to the developing brain and is an important harbinger of cerebral palsy in preterm neonates. There is no proven therapy for PVL. This calls for appraisal of targeted therapies that have been investigated in animal models to evaluate their relevance in a clinical research context.

Propensity-Matched Comparison of Very Preterm Small- and Appropriate-for-Gestational-Age Neonates.

Objective: Comparison of mortality and major morbidities between very preterm (< 32 wk gestational age) small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of neonates born between 26-31 wk gestational age from January 2015 to December 2019 was done in level-3 neonatal intensive care unit of a high-risk perinatal center in South India.

Results: Of the 1,178 very preterm neonates born in the study period, 909 were eligible for inclusion.

Assessment of Renal Growth and Function in Preterm Infants at Corrected Age of 12-18 Month.

Objective: To assess the kidney growth and function in appropriate for date and small for date (SGA) preterm neonates.

Methods: Appropriate for date and SGA preterm neonates with gestation <35 weeks, at 12-18 months of corrected age, attending the follow-up outpatient clinic of a Tertiary care level III neonatal unit. Renal function was assessed by measuring the serum creatinine level and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) was calculated by using modified Schwartz formula.

COVID 19 in neonates.

Corona virus disease 2019 started in December 2019 as an outbreak of unexplained pneumonias in Wuhan, a city in Hubei province of China. This illness emerged as an epidemic in China and later spread to almost all countries over the globe except Antarctica. This is caused by a beta Corona virus, which is genetically similar to SARS virus.

Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 12 to 18 Months of Corrected Age in Preterm Infants Born Small for Gestational Age.

Objective: To compare the growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 to 18 months of corrected age in preterm infants (gestation < 35 wks) born appropriate for gestation (AGA) with those born small for gestation (SGA).

Methodology: This cross sectional, study assessed the growth outcomes in terms of underweight, stunting, microcephaly, overweight and obesity. Development delay was defined as developmental quotient < 70 on DASII.

Comparison of Fenton 2013 growth curves and Intergrowth-21 growth standards to assess the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction and extrauterine growth restriction in preterm neonates ≤32 weeks.

Background: Close monitoring of growth pattern in preterm neonates is essential to identify any deviations from the normal pattern. But, there is no international consensus regarding how the growth of preterm neonates should be monitored or what constitutes the ideal pattern of growth in these premature infants.

Objective: To compare the incidence of IUGR & EUGR in preterm neonates ≤32 weeks gestational age based on Fenton 2013 growth curves and Intergrowth-21 growth standards.

Effect of colostrum given within the 12 hours after birth on feeding outcome, morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants: a prospective cohort study.

The current study aims to compare the feeding outcome, morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants who received early colostrum (<12 hours of life) and those who did not. All VLBW infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were eligible for the study. Eligible infants were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent from either of the parents.

Williams syndrome with severe hypercalcaemia.

We present an 11-month-old girl child with complaints of constipation, cough, fever, vomiting and growth retardation. On examination, she had facial dysmorphism, hypertension and murmur. The genetic evaluation showed 7q microdeletion specific to Williams syndrome.

Infant of diabetic mother: what one needs to know?

The global incidence of diabetes mellitus, including diabetes in pregnant women, is on the rise. Diabetes mellitus in a pregnant woman jeopardizes not only maternal health but can also have significant implications on the child to be born. Therefore, timely diagnosis and strict glycemic control are of utmost importance in achieving a safe outcome for both the mother and fetus.

Hypoglycemia: When to Treat?

Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic disorder encountered in neonates. The definition of hypoglycemia as well as its clinical significance and management remain controversial. Most cases of neonatal hypoglycemia are transient, respond readily to treatment, and are associated with an excellent prognosis.