Understanding the interplay between oHSV and the host immune system: Implications for therapeutic oncolytic virus development.

Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSV) preferentially replicate in cancer cells while inducing antitumor immunity, and thus, they are often referred to as in situ cancer vaccines. OHSV infection of tumors elicits diverse host immune responses comprising both innate and adaptive components. Although the innate and adaptive immune responses primarily target the tumor, they also contribute to antiviral immunity, limiting viral replication/oncolysis.